The full text is 1740 words, and the reading time is about 3 minutes During the Song Dynasty, the period of economic migration from the north to the south was completed, during which the Civil War was particularly fierce, and it was precisely because of the Anshi Rebellion in the Northern Song Dynasty that the economy migrated from the north to the south. Northerners in the early Northern Song Dynasty cut off political dominance.
But with the rise of southern power, the north-south struggle began. In order to compete for political rights and status, people subsequently began a fierce confrontation between people on both sides because of the differences in the cultural and socio-political backgrounds of the north and the south.
The development of easy-going confrontation between the north and the south intensified the contradictions between the people of the north and the south, and the various problems of the differences between the north and the south began a fierce struggle, when the Northern Song Dynasty was just established, there were new contacts and exchanges in the political understanding between the north and the south, and with the cultural differences and environmental differences, different contradictions arose in the process of exchanges.
This gave rise to political confrontations and conflicts between the two sides, which had a greater or lesser impact on the politics of the Northern Song Dynasty. Because there have always been two major struggles in the ancient history of our country, one is the north and the south, and the other is the east and the west.
During the Song Dynasty, political struggles were very acute in terms of geographical problems, and disputes in the Civil War were also regional issues. The Song Dynasty period was divided into the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties, and the Northern Song Dynasty was a period of dissipation in China's ancient history.
In the process of contacts and exchanges between the peoples of the north and the south, different contradictions arose, including the emergence and development of groups, and during the Northern Song Dynasty, the political and military regional concepts began to be obvious. At the same time, in order to consolidate the ruling class in the chaotic world, the southern region implemented a series of policies to maintain stability.
First, the north-south policy established in the early northern Song Dynasty
1. Changes during the Northern Song Dynasty
The period of the establishment of the Northern Song Dynasty was a period of great social change, and various chaotic situations began to emerge. With the collapse of the Tang Dynasty, the geopolitical structure of the Central Plains Dynasty also began to change large and small.
With the various feudal towns set up at the end of the Tang Dynasty in order to stabilize the situation, the political economy of the five dynasties of the late Tang Dynasty began to move south, and various wars gradually appeared in the north. The South also began to become independent for more than a decade.
Judging from the overall situation in China at that time, with the emergence of the geopolitical pattern of north-south confrontation, the environment established by the Northern Song Dynasty was quite harsh. Despite the establishment of the state, there are still warlords with heavy armies around it, and politically it is still divided into two major regions, the north and the south.
2. The change of the five dynasties and local divisions at the end of the Tang Dynasty
The change of power and local division in the five dynasties at the end of the Tang Dynasty was the primary problem of the establishment of political groups during the Northern Song Dynasty, which Song Tai had a clear understanding of during the founding of the country, when the ruling strategies in the north and south were not the same, targeting different military environments.
At that time, the north was in a very unstable state of complex feudal division, followed by a peaceful strategy against the south. At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, most of the cultural relics officials were personnel in the northern region, which was also the continuation of the bureaucratic system of the Later Zhou Dynasty of the Song Taizu and the policy of emphasizing the north over the south.
At that time, the Northern Song Dynasty court had just been established, and tianzi and officials who regarded themselves as orthodox in the Central Plains began to have a sense of superiority geographically and psychologically, and politically they were wary of southern scholars, and at the same time they also despised southerners geographically.
2. The composition of the northern and southern groups during the Northern Song Dynasty
1. The political orientation of governing the country with civility
The Song Dynasty attached importance to the literati mainly because the song taizu of the five dynasties at the end of the Tang Dynasty was a state established in the midst of war, and from the very beginning it established the political orientation of governing the country with culture, which was the political beginning of the Song Dynasty. Subsequently, with the establishment of the Song Dynasty regime by Song Taizu.
And after inheriting the bureaucratic system of the Later Zhou Dynasty, these soldiers were divided into two camps, the north and the south. After the "Anshi Rebellion", the political environment of the imperial court was complex, so the role of the literati was indispensable, and there was even a golden period of heavy employment of literati in the situation at that time.
In this special political environment, the literati were valued here, and the social, economic, social, economic, and cultural development of the southern region in the middle and late Tang Dynasty was achieved to a considerable extent, and the scholars in the south also used more political participation rights.
1. Southern monarchs love literature
Southern monarchs during the five dynasties of the late Tang Dynasty often enthusiastically advocated literary activities, showing their lofty literary and artistic tendencies. At the same time, the social environment within the southern regime during the Five Dynasties period was very stable, and the rulers strengthened the policy of security.
Under the impetus of such policies, the social economy is developing rapidly, and the urban culture is also very prosperous. At this time, the southern scholars began to show a strong literacy and structure in literary knowledge.
Since the factor in the division of the late Tang dynasty was the necessary apology for the northern song to achieve reunification, the first task of the king of the early Song dynasty was to consolidate the new Zhao and Song regimes, and on this basis, he forged ahead to unify China.
2. The north and south after the Anshi Rebellion
With the opening of the unification war of Song Taizu, the number of vassals in the south gradually increased, while the northern warriors maintained their superiority for a considerable period of time. However, during the song dynasty, the political power in the south began to rise and gradually surpassed the scholars in the north.
After the Anshi Rebellion, the culture of the north and the south gradually began to develop and mature, China's regional pattern began to complete the transition between the north and the south, the imperial examination system brought the world of literati, China's regional pattern also changed from confrontation to competition, and at the same time, under the strategy of the countries in the north and south regions, the northerners gradually occupied the dominant position.
After Emperor Zhenzong of Song, the politics of the scholars became more and more mature, the political nature of the increasingly scholar class began to strengthen, the enthusiasm for political participation was high, and under their unremitting efforts, the people in the north and south were reorganized and divided, and the forces between the north and the south began to gradually balance.
bibliography:
History of the Song Dynasty