After staging a big drama of "Standing Wood for Faith", Zuo Shu chang Shang Martin began two vigorous reforms, the so-called Shang Martingale Transformation Method. These two changes completely broke the original old system of the Qin State, made great contributions to the rise of the Qin State, and also laid a solid foundation for the later "Six Kings, Four Seas and One".
However, in the second change of law, there was such a decree: "It is forbidden to let the fathers, sons and brothers of the people rest in the same room." In other words, it is forbidden for fathers and sons to live in the same house.
Many people may wonder, "Why did martingale announce such a rule?" ”
Therefore, this article will start from the social background before the change of law, analyze the main reasons why the Qin State prohibits fathers and sons from living in the same house, and finally summarize and reflect on them.
The social context before the change
Private strife was serious; before the Shang Martingale Reform Law, the people of the Qin State did not separate their families, but existed as a unit of large clans. Clans often compete with each other for a certain amount of land, water and other resources, so that the scale of private battles is very large.
At this time, the surrounding six countries were stronger than the Qin state in many aspects, and if the Qin state allowed these large clans to fight each other, it would inevitably lose a lot of foreign combat strength. On the other hand, the private struggle of the people has also become an unstable factor in the society of the Qin State to a large extent, which has brought great hidden dangers to the rule of the Qin State.
Therefore, it was imminent for the Qin state to try to find a way to change the status quo.
Population growth and the problem of military resources; under the situation of tigers and wolves, only many soldiers and strong soldiers can have a foothold. And Shang Martin believes that in the military aspect, it is like sailing against the current, and if it does not advance, it will retreat, so Shang Martin's goal is to become the hegemon of the world. In order to achieve this ambitious goal, population growth and the problem of military resources must be addressed.
However, in the context of such large clans without household registration, there are omissions in the state's household registration management, so that there are often many men in the clan who evade military service. In addition, fathers and sons and brothers do not distinguish between household registrations and live in the same house, which also greatly hinders the growth of the population.
Therefore, on the issue of population growth and the source of soldiers, the Qin state also needs a new law to meet this macro demand.
In addition, due to the seriousness of the private struggle between the people in the Qin state, the overall amount of money used by the state to maintain social stability is also very huge, which directly restricts the economy of the Qin state to some extent.
Therefore, Shang Martin believes that while reducing expenditure, it is also necessary to improve the economic strength of the Qin State through open source.
Therefore, from an economic point of view, the Qin state also has the need to change the law.
Portrait of a martingale
Why is it forbidden for fathers and sons to live in the same house?
First of all, we need to make it clear that the prohibition of fathers and sons living in the same house is a supplementary action to the "small family system" proposed in the first reform of the law by Shang Martin. In other words, the prohibition of fathers and sons living in the same house is mainly to support the implementation of the "small family system".
Here are a few of the main reasons why fathers and sons are prohibited from living in the same house:
Divide and conquer and strengthen social rule.
The so-called "prince of the way, the weak people", not to mention that in this kind of social background of the clan is too large. Therefore, the weak people have become one of the main effective ways to solve the problem of clan size.
At this point, we can find this ideological concept of governing the country from the "Book of Shang Jun" that "the people are weak and the country is strong, and the country is strong and the people are weak."
Therefore, the implementation of the "small family system", the division of large clans into many households, and the prohibition of fathers and sons and brothers from living together can weaken the strength of the clan to a large extent, and solve the problem of private struggles between civil clans, so that there is a social phenomenon of "the people have the courage to fight in public and are afraid of private fights".
On the other hand, the weakening of the clan has effectively eliminated the antagonistic forces between the clan and the ruling class of the state, which is very favorable to the rule of the Qin state.
Increase taxes and improve the economic strength of the Qin state.
Warring States Coins
In the face of economic problems, the Qin state chose open source while reducing expenditure. The division of clans led to the division of a large group into many small families, and the taxes at that time were levied on a household basis, which greatly increased the number of hukou, which also made a huge leap in the country's income.
To take a simple example, there are 3,000 people in the A clan and 4,000 thousand people in the B clan, but the taxes paid by the two families are the same. After the change of law, these clans will be split, and each household will have "fifteen taxes and one tax", and 1,000 more people in the B clan will pay taxes.
In the point of taxation, the Qin state also clearly stipulates: "If the people have more than two males who do not distinguish between them, they will be given more than one endowment."
That is to say, whoever has two or more sons must set up their own portals and divide the wealth, and the offender will have to bear double the enlistment.
It was precisely in this way that the economic strength of the Qin Dynasty increased greatly in a short period of time, which provided a solid economic foundation for its later annihilation of the Six Kingdoms.
Increase military service and strengthen the military strength of the Qin state.
This "small family system" not only enabled the rapid economic growth of the Qin State, but also provided great help in terms of military resources and manpower.
After the separation of father and son and brothers, there was only one adult male in each household, which almost completely filled the loophole of evading military service under the original clan background, so that the qin state's military resources could be replenished, and the military strength of the qin state was improved to a certain extent. Of course, on the other hand, it also greatly reduces the difficulty of managing private household registration, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.
Changing customs and customs gradually stripped away from the Rongdi culture, forming an independent civilization of the Qin state.
The "Biography of the Shang Emperor" says: "In the teachings of The first Qin Rong Zhai, father and son were not different, and they lived in the same room, and now I am more controlling their teachings, and the difference between men and women is the difference between men and women." ”
That is to say, although the Qin state won the war with Rong Di, but it was influenced by Rong Di, the customs of the whole country generally followed the Rong Di, father and son brothers are not separated, men and women, young and old all live together, and I am now reforming, so that they are different from men and women, living separately.
It should be known that before the change of law, the Qin state was completely a posture of "Yidi country" in the eyes of other countries, they were mixed with men and women, there was no ethics at all, and their reputation was extremely poor.
Therefore, the implementation of the "small family system" and the prohibition of fathers and sons and brothers living in the same house are a kind of leap forward in ethics and morality, and it is also a measure for the Qin state to gradually be separated from the Rongdi culture, which has made an incomparable contribution to the formation of its own independent civilization in the Qin state, and also provided a follow-up role for future generations to separate families.
Quotient martingale transformation method
epilogue
Throughout the shang martingale transformation law, the Qin state gradually stepped into the position of hegemony through the Shang martingale transformation method in the face of external tigers and wolves, domestic clan threats, and economic and military backwardness.
In particular, the implementation of the "small family system" and "prohibition of fathers and sons and brothers living in the same house" in the change of law not only provided great help to the Qin state economically and militarily, but also disintegrated the large clan forces in the country, solved the internal instability factors, and consolidated the rule of the country.
Not only that, "forbidding fathers and sons and brothers to live in the same house" also stripped the Culture of the Qin State from the Rongdi culture, forming its own independent civilization, which has a journey monumental significance for the development of ethics, and also provides valuable experience for the rule of later generations.
The mirror is therefore illuminated, and the ancient things are known to the present. Creation is not easy, please support more, if there is something wrong, but also hope that you axe correct.