In the 40th year of the Ming Dynasty (1612), Wu Sangui was born in Zhonghou, Hanzhen, guanwai, and his ancestral home was Gaoyou, Jiangsu. Born in the Liaoxi General Menwang clan, his father Wu Xiang was the commander-in-chief of Jinzhou, and he married Zu Dashou's sister, and Wu Sangui was Zu Dashou's nephew. The marriage between the Zu and Wu families enabled Wu Xiang and Wu Sangui's father and son to find a strong backer, and also made the power of the Zu family even stronger.
Wu Sangui is a veritable second generation official, of course, Wu Sangui when he was a child was still good. Under the teachings and influence of his father Wu Xiang and his uncle Zu Dashou, he studied both literature and martial arts, and before he was twenty years old, he passed the martial arts examination, and from then on he followed his father Wu Xiang and his uncle Zu Dashou to begin his military career. As for his martial artists, he still has family relations.
In the second year of Chongzhen (1629), Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty personally led an army of 50,000 to 60,000 to avoid the Ningjin Defense Line constructed by the Ming Dynasty, and detoured through Mongolia to Beijing, known in history as the "Change of Self". Yuan Chonghuan's failure to fully stop Emperor Taiji led to the Qing army coming to the city of Beijing, coupled with the previous jiaozhao killing of Mao Wenlong without authorization, cultivating his own forces in Liaodong, and other factors, the Chongzhen Emperor arrested Yuan Chonghuan and imprisoned him. Zu Dashou was afraid of being implicated, and immediately withdrew from Beijing with Wu Xiang and Wu Sangui's father and son, as well as 15,000 Qin Wang Ming's army. Rush back to Ningyuan in an attempt to protect yourself. This year Wu Sangui was 17 years old. In the Battle of Dalinghe in the fourth year of Chongzhen (1631), Wu Sangui's father, Wu Xiang, the commander-in-chief of the regiment, led more than 40,000 horsemen to aid The Great Life of The Great Linghe, but Wu Xiang escaped from the battle and was stripped of his post. Zu Dashou ran out of aid, so he surrendered and fled to Jinzhou City to fight against the Qing army. The Qing court repeatedly surrendered.
In 1641 (the fourteenth year of Chongzhen), in the Battle of Songjin, which began in the third month of the lunar calendar, due to the defeat of the reinforcements Hong Chengyu, Jinzhou was completely hopeless to relieve the difficulties, so Zu Dashou led his troops to qing.
His father became a deserter, his grandfather surrendered, and Wu Sangui, who inherited such genes, could survive for long. In the first month of the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), Zu Dashou, who had surrendered, received a letter from Wu Sangui in Shengjing, and Zu Dashou forwarded the letter to Emperor Taiji, who replied: "Er sent an envoy to the general soldier's book of Uncle Zu, who has been informed. The heart of the general, hesitant. It is a pity that the general will miss the opportunity. Wu Sangui was shaken, although he did not surrender, but he had already left a back road for himself to descend. In the spring, Wu Sangui was ordered to enter the pass and rush to the aid of the Beijing Division to resist the Qing army that had entered the fortress for the fifth time. The march was slow, and when it arrived, the Qing army had retreated, but Chongzhen still valued him and thanked him for coming to Beijing to serve the king. On May 15, the Chongzhen Emperor invited Wu Sangui, who had come to Qin Wang, to a banquet at the Wuying Palace, and gave Wu Sangui shangfang a sword.
At this time, Daming was at the end of his rope, and the Chongzhen Emperor pinned his last hopes on Wu Sangui, but unfortunately he was not entrusted.
At the beginning of the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng led an army directly to the Beijing Division, Chongzhen commanded the emperor to recruit the world's soldiers, and on March 5, he crowned Wu Sangui as Pingxi Bo, and ordered Wu Sangui to quickly lead the army into Beijing. Before Wu Sangui reached the Capital Division, he heard that the Chongzhen Emperor had hanged himself and Daming had perished. Wu Sangui, who had a heavy army in his hands, suffered from the enemy on his belly and became the fat that both the Qing army and the DaShun army wanted to eat. Of course, Wu Sangui will not sit still and decide to speculate among various political forces.
Wu Sangui ostensibly agreed to make peace with Li Zicheng, and in order to prevent Li Zicheng from cheating, he privately asked Dorgon for help on the condition of the division of the yellow river from the north and south. At that time, Li Zicheng personally led 60,000 troops straight to Shanhaiguan. When Wu Sangui heard the news, he sent his men to meet Li Zicheng's army in Sanhe County, not far east of Beijing, to express his intention to surrender in order to delay time. He also wrote a letter to the Qing general Dorgon, asking him to "quickly reorganize the tiger brigade and go straight into the mountains and seas." Li Zicheng, who had been overwhelmed by the victory, ignored the importance of Shanhaiguan and did not seize Shanhaiguan in time. When it was learned that Wu Sangui had surrendered, Li Zicheng led an army to attack Shanhaiguan, and by this time Dolgun had forcibly marched to Shanhaiguan fifteen miles away for a day and night.
Dorgon took advantage of Wu Sangui's critical situation and forced Wu Sangui to abandon the policy of joining forces with the Qing dynasty to attack Li and completely surrender to the Qing Dynasty. Wu Sangui could only agree, and Dolgun took advantage of Wu Sangui's negotiations with Li Zicheng to suddenly launch an attack on Li Zicheng. In the Battle of Yishi, Wu Sangui joined forces with the Qing army to defeat Li Zicheng. After the Qing army entered the pass, it invaded Beijing, and Dorgon moved the young Shunzhi Emperor and the imperial court from Shengjing in the northeast to Beijing, and after the Qing capital was Beijing, Wu Sangui was made the king of Pingxi.
This time, Wu Sangui was completely on his knees. However, the Qing Dynasty was still uneasy about Wu Sangui, who had a heavy army, and repeatedly sent him to attack the remnants of Li Zicheng and the anti-Qing forces in various places. At the same time, in order to show his loyalty to the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui not only brutally suppressed the remnants of the peasant army and slaughtered the city at every turn, but also spared no effort to kill some descendants of Zhu Ming who rebelled against the Qing.
In the eighth year of Shunzhi (1651), the Qing government ordered Wu Sangui and Li Guohan to lead an army into Sichuan to attack the remnants of Zhang Xianzhong's rebel army. In the past few years, it has successively pacified Chongqing, Chengdu and other important towns in Sichuan. In the fourteenth year of Shunzhi (1657), Wu Sangui again took the post of General of Pingxi and marched south to Yungui to attack the yongli regime of Gui, the last regime of the Southern Ming Dynasty.
In the sixteenth year of Shunzhi (1659), Wu Sangui attacked Yunnan. After capturing Yunnan, he entrusted him with the establishment of a government, the town guarded Yunnan, and was in charge of military and civilian affairs. Since then, Wu Sangui has become the earth emperor of Yunnan, and he is also free and free, enjoying endless glory and wealth.
In the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1673), the Kangxi Emperor decided to withdraw his domain. Wu Sangui looked at it, emperor Tu couldn't do it, then he had to pay it back. Therefore, he killed Zhu Guozhi, the governor of Yunnan, claimed that the whole world had recruited the Marshal of The Terracotta Army, proposed "Xingming to seek revenge", and rebelled. He ascended the throne at Hengzhou (present-day Hengyang) as emperor, with the state name of Great Zhou and the capital hengyang.
But at this time, the Qing Dynasty had been in operation for many years, and the country was booming. Although there were many responses, there were many victories in the early stage, and soon, the situation deteriorated from good to bad, Wu Sangui was too anxious, his liver was too hot, and he could not afford to be sick. In the late night of August 18, 1678, in the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Wu Sangui died at the capital Hengzhou Imperial Palace at the age of sixty-seven, and he had only been emperor for more than five months.
His grandson Wu Shipan took the throne in Guiyang, and after three years of support, he was attacked by the Qing army in Kunming, and the Wu family was killed, and the Rebellion of San Francisco ended.
From Wu Sangui's life, it can be seen that he covets wealth and beauty, is greedy for life and fears death, is politically opportunistic, and has no loyalty to speak of. The Chongzhen Emperor put his last hope on him, and he was also ill and rushed to the hospital, and it was strange that Daming did not die.