In the second half of the 19th century, Hong Xiuquan, a fallen talent in HuaXian County, Guangdong Province, led a group of peasants to start a disturbance in Jintian Village, Guangxi, far away from emperor Tiangao, and with a rapid and thunderous momentum, quickly swept through most of China, fighting the Eight Banners, winning successive battles, and slashing generals all the way through the pass, beating the Manchu Qing Iron Horse, the so-called Eight Banner Soldiers, the Green Battalion Soldiers, and other regular units that claimed to have swept through a thousand armies, and the so-called Eight Banner Soldiers and Green Battalion soldiers were defeated.
Don't look at these peasants who started the incident in a small mountain village in Jintian, Guangxi, in the past ten years, according to townships, attacking county towns, Fighting Yong'an, Zhan Quanzhou, besieging Changsha and Yuezhou, occupying Wuchang, xia Anqing, directly pounding Nanjing to establish the capital, and then the Northern Expedition, the Western Expedition, the East Expansion, the Southward Expansion, the Breaking of the Qing Army Blockade Line, the Jiangnan North Camp, it is precisely these long-experienced backbone figures in Guangxi, most of them have rich combat experience, and the military strength of the early Taiping Heavenly Kingdom can be described as a broken bamboo, and have entered a heyday.
As the saying goes, prosperity is bound to decline, and the cause of the situation is the "Tianjing Incident" of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which lost a large number of elites who had fought all the way from Guangxi to be able to fight good wars. In particular, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was even worse, the knife was sprinkled with salt, the wing king Shi Da drove away, this matter had a huge impact, after the arrest of Li Xiucheng, the pillar of optimus in the late Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, said in the "Self-Statement": "The wing king will take the soldiers of the Heavenly Dynasty to the fullest", "Bring the good cultural relics of the He Dynasty to the army", for a time the United Dynasty Wen wu, the elite soldiers will be lost.
At this stage, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which had been running for ten years, was faced with the dangerous situation of "no one in the country and no general in the DPRK", and the capital Tianjing was once again besieged by the "two battalions" of the Qing army, and the Heavenly King Hong Xiuquan realized that the qi was about to run out and the building was going to fall, so he used the Guangfeng King to make up for this situation. I hope that these people will come to save the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and serve as the last straw of the Heavenly Kingdom. Among them, the largest king was Zhang Lexing, the leader of the Twist Army, who had nearly 100,000 male soldiers under his command, although it was not all elite, compared to Hong Xiuquan's original old Guangxi soldiers, it was not a grade at all, but it did alleviate the "panic" caused by the wing king Shi Dakai leading his troops to flee, which was considered to be "sending charcoal in the snow" to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
Hong Xiuquan, the overjoyed Heavenly King, immediately rewarded Zhang Le for his behavior of "Wo Wang Chitose", which means to open up a vast and fertile land, he can set up a capital and a capital on his own, and at the same time, the crown that helped him do a good job was all made of pure gold, with many gold and silver treasures, satin nylon, ma yin saddles and the Heavenly King's handwritten book to pay for it, and sent a very beautiful ship along the Yangtze River. Zi Le Xing was full of hair, received the seal letter, and was the other part of the IroTaiTai Heavenly Kingdom.
Zhang Lexing and Hong Xiuquan are not the same person, he was born in Zhanglaojia Village, northwest of Woyang City, Bozhou, Anhui, his father is a large landlord on the local famous earthquake side, it can be said that the typical "rich second generation", the reason why he will enter the ranks of "rebellion" without worrying about food and clothing, he mainly relies on "selling salt" and "gambling" for a living, and the official government has a serious conflict of interests, although it costs money to "settle down", but the contradiction with the official government is still very deep. In addition, the Qing government was too corrupt and too oppressive to oppress the people of the world, and Zhang Lexing, who has always been upright, was very dissatisfied with this. Therefore, in about the same period as Hong Xiuquan, he co-opted a group of "salt merchants" to launch an uprising, and successfully captured Yongcheng in Henan, robbing prisons and rescuing prisoners, and his momentum gradually grew. At that time, the Qing army was busy mobilizing troops to deal with the three towns of Wuhan in Lianke, threatening the Taiping Army of SuWan, and could not take care of him at all, and he was able to develop and grow in the cracks.
A year later, Zhang Lexing felt that the fighting strength of the lone army was too thin, so he chose to hug the group for warmth - in the Pheasant River Ji and the 18th Road "Twist Army" to make a bloody alliance, and married as brothers of life and death. He was promoted to the ally, the Tree Yellow Banner Rebellion, known in history as the "Eighteen-Paved Juyi", and became the supreme leader of the initial Twist army. After Zhang Lexing became the first in command, he imitated the eight flags system in the early Qing Dynasty, and built a five-flag military system of yellow, white, red, black, and blue, and all the twisters were dispatched and led by the yellow flag. The issuance of notices and "Marching Regulations" enabled the Twist army to have a unified organization and leadership, and called itself "King Ming of the Great Han Dynasty".
At this time, Yuan Shikai's uncle's army gave Yuan Jiasan a special regiment to train to attack the Twist army, Zhang Lexing led his troops to negotiate with it, and when defeated and victorious, some results were achieved, and later, Yuan Jiasan attacked Bozhou to break through the White Dragon King Temple, the Yan Family Xiaolou, and up to the Pheasant River Set, the Twist army suffered heavy losses, and at the same time of the armed attack, he took the measure of dividing and disintegrating some important generals, and the Twist army suffered great damage, and once the whole army was destroyed, and only Zhang Lexing was spared. After that, he led the Twist Army and the Qing Army to repeatedly fight in the area of the Pheasant River, but did not achieve too good results. At this time, Zhang Lexing felt that it was difficult to win with his own strength, and only by hugging the group to warm up had a foothold, so he accepted the leadership of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and was named the "Main General of the Northern Expedition", on the condition that he did not listen to the seal, and he became an important general of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom for a while.
Zhang Lexing, who became the King of Wo, not only had the support of allies, but also had his own base area, which was of course a good thing for him to send charcoal in the snow, so he fought side by side with the Taiping Army, at that time, Li Xubin, the first general of the Xiang Army and the envoy of Zhejiang Province, led 8,000 elite veterans, Lianke Taihu, Qianshan, Tongcheng, Shucheng, the army reached Sanhe Town, and the target was directly at Luzhou. At the critical moment, he was ordered to lead his troops and horses and the Luzhou defenders to detour through the Three Rivers and attack the Qing army in Tongcheng, preventing Li Xubin's reinforcements. It made a great contribution to the three rivers victory and the annihilation of 6,000 Xiang army. Li Xiucheng said in his self-description: "The great victory of the Three Rivers depends on Zhang Lexing... Heavenly King Hong Xiuquan had high hopes for Zhang Lexing.
However, the good times did not last long, and his good days soon came to an end, and soon after Zhang Lexing became the prince of The Thousand Years, the Qing Dynasty's most powerful secret troop monk Gelinqin led 20,000 iron horses to go out, plus all the Qing troops and regimental exercises cooperated to encircle Zhang Lexing. This monk Greenqin was made a prince by the emperor, and the Xianfeng Emperor personally awarded the sword used by the Qing Taizu NurHaci to the monk Greenqin, who was good at riding and shooting, and his troops were the elite of the Qing army, and he was a general trusted by the Qing court, who once commanded a large army, surrounded and suppressed the Northern Expedition army of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, captured Li Kaifang and Lin Fengxiang, the five tiger generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, so that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Northern Expedition Army was completely destroyed, and ordered him to lead the army into the Twist Army, Zhang Lexing can be said to have encountered an opponent.
At that time, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was in turmoil and could not take care of itself, so there were almost no support troops. After several months of siege by the monk Greenqin, Zhang Lexing saw that he was going to run out of food and had to go out of the city to fight with him to the death, although there were tens of thousands of horses, but where he was the opponent of the monk Greenqin. When he saw that the whole army was about to be destroyed, he ordered his nephew Zhang Zongyu to move the rescue troops, and the remnants of his own 3,000 people were lined up in the north of The Village of Zhang, and they lined up with water behind their backs to fight the Qing army. In the end, due to the disparity in strength, the lone army was helpless and the entire army was destroyed, Zhang Lexing only led more than 10 horses to break through the siege, galloped to Majiadian in Fuyang, and then walked to Xiyang Ji at night, wanting to go to Shandong.
What he did not expect was that Li Qinbang had defected and surrendered to the enemy, and he was ostensibly courteous to receive Zhang Lexing's father and son, and made good wine and good food, and privately sent people to the enemy to ventilate the news, and in the early hours of the same day, a large number of Qing troops raided and surrounded his residence, arrested Zhang Lexing's father and son, and then escorted him to the monk Greenqin camp and executed Ling Chi. The heroes of this generation actually drank and hated with the Heavenly King Hong. Zhang Lexing Lingchi, located in front of Dazhouying Village in Woyang County, Bozhou City, Anhui Province, has the remains of the Qing general Monk Greenqin's camp with horse stones and wells.
Zhang Lexing was killed, and his nephew Zhang Zongyu, who he sent out to rescue the soldiers, became his heir, and a few years later, the monk Gelinqin led an army to suppress Twist, and pursued and killed the Twist army all the way into the Xieyuanji area of Heze Gaolouzhai in Shandong. The Twister Army sent a small number of troops to meet the battle, luring the monks to go deeper into the area of Gaolouzhai. The wayward and arrogant monk Greenqin did not pay any attention to the twist army at all, blindly underestimated the enemy, blindly pursued the enemy, the rear supply was not continued, the troops were hungry and tired, and the morale was getting lower and lower, so they drove straight in, and as a result, the monk army entered the high-rise village, and the twister army ambushed in the villages north of the high-rise village, the river weir, and the willow forest attacked at the same time. Through a fierce battle to defeat them all, the remnants of the monk Greenqin retreated into a deserted polder south of the high-rise village, and the Twister army took advantage of the victory to pursue, surrounded the polder regiment, and dug a long trench outside the polder to prevent the enemy from breaking through. That night, the monk Greenqin led a small number of retinues to risk death to break through, when fleeing to the northwest of Heze 7. When Wujiadian was 5 kilometers away, he was hacked to death in a wheat field by a twist army soldier, and the monk Greenqin and his iron horse have since disappeared. Zhang Lexing's nephew Zhang Zongyu finally avenged him.
However, after the death of the monk Gelinqin, later Zeng Guofan was responsible for suppressing the twist army, and he was completely different from the method adopted by the monk Gelinqin, using the playing style of four squares and six corners, ten sides and a net, and put forward the twelve-character policy of "fortifying the town, drawing the river enclosure, and clearing the field with solid walls." "Due to the large number of water veins in north China where the Twister Army is located, the river is used as a natural barrier to divide the Liukou, and then in the area, the walls are cleared, and the people and materials are gathered, so that the Liukou cannot be supplied." In the end, Liu Kou was cornered and won it with a single blow.
Zeng Guofan only encircled and did not fight against the Twister Army, and after the implementation of this method, the Twister Army gradually found that its territory was getting smaller and smaller, its supplies were getting less and less, and the internal people were panicked and began to split. In the end, the whole army was destroyed, Zhang Zongyu escaped and hid his name, and died of illness 20 years later. During this time, he practiced medicine and feng shui for a living, and revealed his real name when he died.