Who is the most capable of the founding generals on the battlefield? This question can be answered almost without hesitation: Su Yu can only be him, a person who dares to take risks on the battlefield but has no exhaustive strategy. But if there is anyone with the oldest revolutionary qualifications, many people may not know. In fact, this issue is also uncontroversial: Zhang Yunyi can only be him, the old predecessor who participated in the Huanghuagang Uprising and the Xinhai Revolution. Moreover, Zhang Yunyi's son, who is also a major general in the People's Liberation Army, is a rare technical talent. A family of generals is also rare among the founding generals.
Generals and their people
Zhang Yunyi is old because he was born early. He was born in 1892, 4 years older than Mr. Zhu. He was Wenchang, Guangdong, and joined the Chinese League in 1909. From 1910 to 1911, he participated in the Guangzhou New Army Uprising, the Huanghuagang Uprising, and the Xinhai Revolution. From this time until the Northern Expedition in 1926, Zhang Yunyi was a Kuomintang soldier, a battalion commander of the warlord Chen Jiongming, and a county magistrate in Jieyang, Guangdong.
After the baptism of the Northern Expedition, Zhang Yunyi gradually found his faith, so he joined the Communist Party of China in 1926, and then went to the Gui Army to work in the soldier movement, and led the Baise Uprising with Deng Xiaoping. In 1931, Deng Xiaoping and Zhang Yunyi led the transfer of their troops to the Central Soviet Region, and participated in various battles such as anti-encirclement and suppression, the Long March, and the Western Expedition, and served as the commander of the Guangdong-Gansu Military Region, the deputy chief of staff of the General Headquarters of the Red Army and the Headquarters of the Red Army, and the director of the Operations Department. Because he was good at marching in a hurry, he was awarded the pennant of "Turning to Battle for a Thousand Miles" by the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Zhang Yunyi once focused his work on building a national united front, and had a good relationship with General Yang Hucheng, the initiator of the Xi'an Incident. Before and after the establishment of the New Fourth Army, the central government decided to make Ye Ting the commander of the army. Zhang Yunyi went to Macao and smoothly took Ye Ting back to China, ensuring the smooth formation of the New Fourth Army. Since then, Zhang Yunyi has had outstanding performances in the anti-Japanese and anti-friction battles, and opened up the anti-Japanese base area in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui.
During the Liberation War, Zhang Yunyi remained in the Shandong region to contain the Kuomintang troops, and in November 1946 launched the Ping'an Campaign, annihilating 15,000 enemies. After the liberation of Shandong, he served as the secretary of the East China Rear Work Committee, organizing the deployment of materials to support the front. In the Battle of Huaihai, the Battle of Pingjin and the Battle of Crossing the River, millions of people in Shandong were inspired by Zhang Yunyi to push a cart to deliver supplies to the front line, which became a spectacular picture. Boss Chen Yi said: "The victory in the Huaihai Campaign was pushed out by the masses of the people with a cart. It is not only a thank you to the people, but also an affirmation of Zhang Yunyi and other generals working in the rear.
Lost in the wide
Having been engaged in united front work and rear work for a long time, Zhang Yunyi is somewhat different from those generals who fight on the front line. He was generous, especially to the common people and captives, and even if the other party was at fault, he could not bear to punish. This temper of a lenient elder later made Zhang Yunyi criticize.
It was after the founding of New China that Zhang Yunyi went to Guangxi to take up his post. He is the secretary of the Guangxi Provincial Party Committee, the chairman of the Guangxi Provincial Government, and the commander and political commissar of the Guangxi Military Region. Holding four positions, all of them are main positions, which shows the trust of the central government in Zhang Yunyi. He himself was born in the Gui Army and was familiar with the customs and customs of Guangxi. Using him to govern this land should be able to achieve more with less.
This place in Guangxi has been known for its folk customs since ancient times. During the Song Dynasty, the uprising of ethnic minorities here used to make the imperial court at that time feel very nervous. During the Ming Dynasty, the humble bandits and the famous wolf soldiers were simply two faces of the Guangxi people, one black and one white, and left many records in the history books. In modern times, the strength of the Guixi warlords is also famous in the world, and General Stilwell of the United States once said: "Guangxi soldiers are the best soldiers in the world." ”
Tough folk style, it is easy to create a by-product: bandits! Bandits in Guangxi are also ancient. Except for wang Yangming of the Ming Dynasty, who had a brief period of tranquility in Guangxi after the suppression of bandits in the Broken Vine Gorge, most of the time the people suffered from bandits. These people robbed their homes, killed people and set fires, and once they encountered the regular army bandits, they immediately hid in the mountains, making people helpless.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the bandit plague in Guangxi became more serious. Guangxi is the home of the Gui warlords, who have operated here for decades and have deep roots. After the collapse of the main Kuomintang army, Bai Chongxi, the "little Zhuge Ge", was not willing to accept defeat and always dreamed of making a comeback one day. To this end, he recruited and armed a large number of bandit armed forces, appointed a large number of "commanders", and robbed houses at the local level. At its peak, there were more than 280 such bandit armed forces, and 75 had a total number of more than 1,000 people. Together with a large number of regular troops, they were placed in the Dayao Mountains, the Sixty Thousand Mountains, and the 100,000 Mountains, hoping to use the guerrilla warfare that the PLA was good at to drag down the PLA.
After Zhang Yunyi came to Guangxi, he made the suppression of bandits his first task. Together with Li Tianyou, deputy commander of the military region, he commanded the 38th Army, the 39th Army, the 45th Army, and the 49th Army to comprehensively eliminate bandits in Guangxi. After months of fighting, more than 40,000 bandits were eliminated, and some of the remnants fled into the mountains.
At this time, Zhang Yunyi made a mistake that he later regretted: he did not continue to increase his efforts to crack down on the fleeing bandits, but used various channels to surrender. As long as it is a bandit who surrenders by himself, he will be treated leniently. For example, a bandit named Zhong Zupei once killed more than 200 cadres and masses. After his arrest, he was released after only some education. There were other bandits who were caught only for oral education. Zhang Yunyi's policy is actually to completely conquer the opponent psychologically and give them a chance to change evil and follow good.
In fact, Zhang Yunyi's approach cannot be miscalculated. Wang Yangming, a famous minister of the Ming Dynasty who suppressed bandits, said: "It is easy to break a thief in a mountain, but it is difficult to break a thief in a broken heart." "The new government and the new state should focus on transforming a person, not simply physically destroying things. In any case, the basic plate of bandit development has been destroyed, and in time, it is not impossible for a soldier to yield without a fight. It is also true that some people have laid down their arms and stopped committing evil deeds. However, there are also many people who have violated the yin and yang and continued to do evil after being released.
However, a sudden event shattered Zhang Yunyi's vision. In 1950, the Korean War broke out, and the two main forces of 38 and 39 were transferred to the northeast and entered the DPRK at any time. At the same time, a large number of materials and equipment are also tilted to the northeast. The strength of the bandits in Guangxi immediately appeared to be stretched. The bandits seized the opportunity to drill out of the mountains and began to carry out large-scale activities and maim the people. There are about 102 counties in the province, 97 of which have been harassed by bandits, more than 500 cadres have been killed, and more than 28 million catties of public grain have been robbed. The bandit plague in Guangxi suddenly reached its peak!
The central authorities were extremely dissatisfied with this situation, and immediately dispatched the general Chen Mingren to lead the 21st Corps into Guangxi and work with the Guangxi Military Region to suppress bandits. At the same time, he also severely criticized Zhang Yunyi's work of suppressing bandits, believing that he was too lenient and had no principles. Zhang Yunyi then changed his working methods and worked with Chen Mingren to crack down the bandits. Those unrepentant bandits were finally severely punished. By the end of 1952, the work of suppressing bandits had achieved great results, and a total of 430,000 bandits had either been eliminated or surrendered, and the bandit plague in Guangxi had been pacified. At this time, Zhang Yunyi was old and sickly, so he resigned from his public office in Guangxi and went to Guangzhou to recuperate. Since then, Zhang Yunyi is no longer responsible for specific work and slowly fades out of people's sight. In 1955, although Zhang Yunyi's resume was not perfect, he was still awarded the rank of general.
The Son inherits the father's business
When the older generation of revolutionaries disappears, their successors will inevitably rise to the top. This kind of family-style inheritance has once become a fine tradition of our army. Zhang Yunyi's son, General Zhang Guangdong, belonged to this category. Born in Shandong in 1946, he had a keen interest in military and war from an early age. Probably because of his father's relationship, Zhang Guangdong came into contact with some foreign military materials that were not familiar to others at that time, and began to aspire to become a technical talent.
In 1965, Zhang Guangdong was admitted to the holy land of his dreams, the Kazakh Military Missile Engineering Department. Here, he continued to delve into new technologies and gradually became an expert. Four years later, Zhang Guangdong graduated and was assigned to the Computer Research Institute in the Mountains of Sichuan and began to work on computer research. At the time, this was definitely a frontier. Here, Zhang Guangdong also worked for four years and also achieved good results. In 1973, Zhang Guangdong was transferred back to Beijing to work, and was able to accompany his father through his last days at the hospital bedside.
In the early 1980s, a wave of innovation was set off in the People's Liberation Army, and countless technical talents entered the military academy. Zhang Guangdong also entered the military academy at this time. Here, Zhang Guangdong set strict demands on himself here, and even those who came out of the army in a serious manner had to look at him with astonishment. After graduating from school, Zhang Guangdong was assigned to the relevant departments of the army and worked for decades. For his outstanding contributions, he was also awarded the rank of Major General. Zhang Yunyi and Zhang Guangdong, a pair of father and son generals, have left a good story for the People's Liberation Army.