1936 - Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng launch the "Xi'an Incident"
The Xi'an Incident, also known as the Double Twelve Incident, was an internal coup d'état by the Nationalist government of the Republic of China. On December 12, 1936, Zhang Xueliang, the leader of the Northeast Army who was then the deputy commander-in-chief of the Northwest Bandits, and Yang Hucheng, the leader of the Northwest Army, who was then the commander-in-chief of the 17th Road of the National Revolutionary Army, launched a "military advisory" in Xi'an, China, detaining Chiang Kai-shek, who was then chairman of the Military Commission of the National Government and commander-in-chief of the Northwest Bandits, and killing security personnel and central organ personnel. In the end, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to accept the idea of "stopping the suppression of the Communists and resisting Japan together" and was released, forcing the Nationalist Government to abandon the basic national policy of "foreign countries must first be at home" and the anti-Japanese united front was formally established.
1915 - A constitutional monarchy is established
"Chinese Empire" is the name of a constitutional monarchy prepared by Yuan Shikai, the president of the Republic of China, from December 12, 1915 to March 23, 1916. After the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912, many disturbances caused by power constraints were quite unfavorable to China, which was poor and weak and in urgent need of development, coupled with the political chaos at that time and the influence of multiple factors such as some Chinese and foreign scholars urging the change of the state system, in the end, Yuan Shikai chose to emulate the mature and mainstream political system of some world powers at that time, and prepared to establish an advanced constitutional monarchy compared with the absolute monarchy of China's previous dynasties, and was originally scheduled to establish the Chinese Empire with the era name hongxian in 1916. However, cai yi, who repeatedly persuaded Cai Yi to change the state system and agree to the imperial system, plotted against Yuan, coupled with the suppression of multiple forces, so that the Chinese Empire had not yet been officially announced to the outside world, and Yuan Shikai had not officially ascended the throne and ended in failure, during which it was still called the Republic of China.
1927 - Zhang Tailei is killed in the Guangzhou Uprising
Zhang Tailei (June 1898 – December 12, 1927), originally known as Zhang Zengrang, later renamed Zhang Chunnian, Zhang Tailei, a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, was one of the early leaders of the Communist Party of China, a translator of Borodin, a representative of the Comintern, and the main planner and leader of the Guangzhou Uprising. On December 11, 1927, leading the Guangzhou riots, at two o'clock in the afternoon the next day, Zhang Tailei and Newman, a representative of the Comintern, were in an open-top car and were shot by the armed citizens near the Great North Gate, and they were shot three times and fell into the car and died. The first member of the Central Committee and the Politburo in the history of the CCP to die on the front line of the battle. Zhang Tailei was the first member of the Central Committee and the Politburo in the history of the CCP to die on the front line of battle.
1966 - Wu Yuzhang, an educator who is one of the "Five Elders of Yan'an", dies
Wu Yuzhang (30 December 1878 – 12 December 1966), courtesy name Yongshan, was a Chinese poet. Chinese democratic revolutionary, official of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China. In his early years, he participated in the League led by Sun Yat-sen and the Xinhai Revolution, joined the Communist Party of China in 1925, and was known as the "Five Elders of Yan'an" with Lin Boqu and others. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a Chinese University for 17 years, making great contributions to the development of education in New China. On December 12, 1966, Wu Yuzhang died.
1979 - Jeon Doo-hwan initiates a military coup
On December 12, 1979, The then Commander of the South Korean Army Security and the Director of the Joint Investigation Headquarters of the Military Control Command, Jeon Doo-hwa, staged a military coup and seized the military and political power.
1821 - Birthday of the French writer Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880), the great French critical realist novelist of the mid-19th century, whom Maupassant studied under. Notable works include Madame Bovary, Emotional Education and Bouvard and Pecuche. He had a profound influence on the development of literature in the late 19th and 20th centuries, especially modernist literature, and was hailed as "the originator of naturalistic literature" and "the founder of the modern Western novel".
1915 - Birthday of the famous American singer Frank
Frank Sinatra (December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was a famous American male singer and Oscar winner, often recognized as the best American pop singer of the 20th century, rivaled only by music giants such as Elvis Presley and The Beatles. Sinatra left countless classic songs in his lifetime, he can sing well, his acting skills are excellent, and he is a legendary idol in the hearts of fans all over the world. On the evening of May 14, 1998, Frank Sinatra died of a heart attack at the age of 82.