A hundred years ago, the Chinese Communist Party completed a major agenda of the meeting on a small boat on the South Lake, announcing the birth of the Communist Party of China.
However, even though they knew that their lives were in danger, three of the thirteen deputies who went to the meeting despite all odds were Still Zhou Fohai, Chen Gongbo, and Zhang Guotao, who later betrayed the party organization.
This is still the case for the revolutionary compatriots who have advanced and retreated together in the midst of tribulations, not to mention those who have been trained by the "party-state" from the very beginning.
For example, in the Nanchang Uprising, Cai Tingkai, who suddenly led his troops to leave the rebel army, not only took away nearly a quarter of the rebel army, that is, 5,000 people, causing heavy damage to the revolutionary forces; it also led to the floating hearts and minds of other formations, and about 700 people rebelled.
What happened to Cai Tingkai, who caused huge losses to the rebel army?
Cai Tingkai was born in 1892 to an ordinary Guangdong peasant family, the family is poor, so he only attended primary school for three years. But Cai Tingkai is very smart, relying on self-study to recognize many words.
When he was a child, it was when the Qing Dynasty was poor and weak, and the number of qi was about to run out, and then linked to his favorite "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", little Cai Tingkai had the idea of joining the army and defending the country in his heart.
In 1910, from the first excuse of Cai Tingkai to tailor clothes (he followed his father to make money as a tailor when he was idle), he repeatedly looked for various opportunities to enter the army.
Finally, in 1918, he officially joined Chen Mingshu's troops, and Chen Mingshu also became the leader of many major events on his life road.
For example, in 1924, Chen Mingshu recommended Cai Tingkai to join the Kuomintang; in 1927, Chen Mingshu and Zhang Fakui defected from the rebel army; in 1933, together with Chen Mingshu, Jiang Guangnai and others, he established the "People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China" in Fujian.
Among them, the defection of the rebel army in 1927 should be something that Cai Tingkai himself once regretted.
With his heroic performance during the Siege of Wuchang during the Second Northern Expedition in 1926, Cai Tingkai became the deputy commander of the 24th Division of the Nationalist Eleventh Army at the end of that year, and turned regular in the spring of the following year.
After the conversion, Commander Cai and Ye Ting, another division commander of the Eleventh Division, were under the command of Zhang Fakui, the commander of the Fourth Army at the time.
However, Zhang Fakui and Cai Tingkai's old leader Chen Mingshu had always been at odds, and because Chen Mingshu did not buy Zhang Fakui's account, he defected to Chiang Kai-shek in March 1927.
Such an act would of course lead to Zhang Fakui's beating of Chen Mingshu's old department, and three months later he ordered the execution of Wei Mou, the deputy of the 28th Regiment under Cai Tingkai.
For this kind of killing chickens and scaring monkeys, Cai Tingkai only felt cold.
And Ye Ting took advantage of Cai Tingkai's business trip to take his entire division away to participate in the Nanchang uprising, which also made him feel unhappy.
Therefore, following the rebel army's indication that joining the revolution together was only his expedient measure, and after taking back the command of the troops, Cai Tingkai immediately left the scheduled itinerary with his troops and escaped in the direction of Zhejiang.
Many years later, Cai Tingkai gave the reason for his departure at that time that he was "politically inconsistent", but the loyalty of soldiers to individuals at that time actually occupied a larger part of the reason.
Cai Tingkai originally participated in the First Northern Expedition under the leadership of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and later after Sun Yat-sen's death, the Nanjing government was inherited by Chiang Kai-shek, and his mentor Chen Mingshu was also with Chiang Kai-shek.
Therefore, Cai Tingkai took his own five thousand soldiers and horses and extended an olive branch to the Nanjing government.
At that time, the Nanjing government, which was surrounded by several enemy forces of the "new warlords" and the "Red Army", immediately expressed a warm welcome to Cai Tingkai's troops.
Not only did he immediately entrust him with the heavy task of encircling and suppressing the Qiongya Red Army, but he also paid Cai Tingkai 100,000 yuan in military salaries that had been owed to the Fourth Army for many years as a reward.
However, Cai Tingkai soon found that he had achieved nothing but being reduced to a sharp blade for the Nanjing government to "suppress bandits".
On September 18, 1931, the Japanese army blew up the South Manchuria Railway and immediately launched a war of aggression against China. And under Chiang Kai-shek's policy of "no resistance," in two months, all three northeastern provinces fell into the hands of the Japanese.
The Advancing Japanese Army also wanted to find a shield for its own acts of aggression, so it thought of creating an incident in the bustling city of Shanghai, and in the name of "evacuating overseas Chinese", asked the Defenders of Shanghai to retreat 15 kilometers.
The Nanjing government issued an order to the Shanghai garrison, but it was the Nineteenth Route Army led by Cai Tingkai who was stationed in Shanghai at the time, and he immediately refused as soon as he received the order.
The Japanese used this as an excuse to attack Shanghai on January 28. At that time, the defenders of Shanghai totaled 40,000 people, and their weapons were mainly light; facing nearly 70,000 Japanese troops equipped with aircraft, warships and tanks was tantamount to hitting stones with pebbles.
To this end, Cai Tingkai's pre-war mobilization had no nonsense, bluntly saying that "the ground is inching and cannot be abandoned", and vowed to coexist and die with the front.
In the face of the strong comparison of strength, it was hard to rely on the perseverance of the soldiers to exchange the results of the Japanese army's four-degree change of command and the death and injury of more than 10,000 people.
After 33 days of bloody fighting, in exchange for the "Songhu Armistice Agreement", I thought that my troops were the vanguard of the anti-Japanese resistance and the warriors who should be commended, but I did not expect that the Nanjing government had a paper transfer order, and almost could not wait for the Nineteenth Army to catch its breath, so it asked them to go to Fujian to encircle and suppress the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
In 1928 and 1931, he led his troops to participate in three encirclements and suppressions, and in August 1931, he confronted the Red Army head-on.
Today, when the Japanese army is encroaching on China, Chiang Kai-shek is still just blindly "suppressing bandits!" Bandits! Bandits! ”
Moreover, seeing that the Nineteenth Army could not be repaired, facing the repeated fiasco of the Red Army, and being forced to fight under the orders of Nanjing... Cai Tingkai finally woke up: "But I was dissatisfied with my disobedience to the order, and took the opportunity to make the Red Army and the Nineteenth Army lose both."
As soon as he figured it out, Cai Tingkai immediately took the initiative to contact the Red Army and demanded an armistice.
Cai Tingkai knew in his heart that once Chiang Kai-shek knew that he had signed the Armistice Agreement privately with the Red Army, he would certainly not let him go, and Cai Tingkai was not ready to sit still.
In November 1933, together with Jiang Guangnai, Chen Mingshu and others, the People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China was established in Fujian. However, two months later, the crusade failed, and Cai Tingkai went out of the ocean.
During his several years of travel abroad, Cai Tingkai devoted himself to publicizing the evil deeds of the Japanese army in China and the Chiang Kai-shek government's policy of "passively resisting Japan and actively eliminating the Communists", in an attempt to arouse the attention and help of the international community for Japan's invasion of China.
Finally, in 1936, Cai Tingkai was invited to return to China to reorganize the "Nineteenth Army", but because Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi chose to cooperate with Chiang Kai-shek at the last moment, Cai Tingkai's painstaking efforts were wasted, and he became a "light rod commander" with no soldiers to take.
He finally resigned after the victory of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in 1941. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the vice chairman of the People's Democratic Promotion and the vice chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, etc., and died in 1968 at the age of 76.
No one is a sage, and no one can be blameless. Cai Tingkai abandoned the revolution during the Nanchang uprising, and it was indeed that he made the wrong decision.
But there is also a saying: knowing mistakes can be changed, and good is great. It was precisely because he cherished his homeland and insisted on resisting the enemy regardless of personal gains and losses that he had the "Battle of Songhu in 128."
If it were not for the 33 days of bloody fighting by his Nineteenth Army, it is likely that the "128 Incident" would have become the fuse of the Japanese invasion of China.
It can be said that because of his persistence, the all-out war of aggression against China was postponed for 5 years before it broke out, and it was only because of his insistence that he won precious time for cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and better resistance against Japan.