The Lanzhou Gongxingdun Kuomintang Eighth Theater Prison, located on the south bank of the Yellow River, housed a group of captured Red Army soldiers, including 130 officers and more than 1,200 soldiers.
Secret Party Branch
After the peaceful settlement of the Xi'an incident, Ma Jiajun was forced by pressure from all sides to select some older places to send them
Lanzhou Gongxingdun Kuomintang Eighth Theater Prison.
Here, the Kuomintang adopted various methods in an attempt to shake the faith of the Communists, but was refuted by the Communists.
Fang Qiang is the secretary of the secret party branch of the concentration camp.
Fang Qiang, born in 1912 in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province,
His original name was Fang Aoxuan. He joined the revolution in 1925 and joined the Communist Party of China in 1927
In 1928, he joined the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. He successively served as political commissar of the team, company, regiment and division.
Participated in the first to fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" operations in the Central Soviet Region. In 1937, he was appointed as the propaganda director of the Red Ninth Army of the Western Route Army.
He was captured during the breakout after the division of the shiwo army.
In 1937, Fang Qiang, Bu Shengguang, Liu Zhentang, Ren Guozhang, Jin Zhong, Zhang Xianjin, and Xia Kanglin were escorted to the Lanzhou concentration camp, where he met Qin Jiwei, Xu Liqing, Xu Taixian, Xin Yuanlin and others, and later assigned to a class with Xu Liqing, Xu Taixian and others.
Deeply feeling the need to struggle against the enemy in prison, Fang Qiang and Bu Shengguang found Xu Taixian, director of the Political Department of the Red Ninth Army, to discuss the establishment of a secret party branch, with Fang Qiang as secretary, Bu Shengguang as the organizing committee member, and Xu Taixian as the propaganda committee member.
Later, they contacted Qin Jiwei, Xu Liqing, Liu Yi, Xiong Deru, Leng Chicai, Liu Zhentang, Xin Yuanlin, Zhang Xianjin, Xia Kanglin, Ren Guozhang, Jin Zhong, Ouyang Chuqiang, Qian Yimin, Li Ming, and others, and they all had a dream in their hearts, that is, to return to the Party Central Committee one day...
The last group of officers to come in were Liu Yuting, Liu Junying, Zeng Qingliang, Feng Guoshou, Chen Zuren, and Huang Liangcheng, several of whom were arranged in the last "87" room in the East Row.
Huang Liangcheng was born in 1017 in Lanxi Township, Shanghang County, Fujian Province. In 1931, he joined the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, joined the Communist Youth League in the same year, and became a member of the Communist Party of China in 1936.
In November 1931, he entered the Radio School of the Central Military Commission, worked as a radio operator, participated in the third, fourth and fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggles, and then participated in the Long March. After meeting the divisions of the Red First and Red Fourth Fronts, he was transferred to the Red Ninth Army as a radio operator, and in 1936 he was incorporated into the Western Route Army, captured in Qilian Mountain, and later transferred to the Eighth Theater Prison of the Kuomintang in Lanzhou Gongxingdun to connect with the party organization.
No sooner had the six of them entered "No. 87" than a man dressed in tattered Red Army uniforms with long hair walked in.
"Comrade, which unit are you from?" What do you do? ”
"You don't need to take care of this!" Huang Liangcheng directly gave the top back.
"Oh, what a great little fellow, like a look," the visitor said with a grin instead of getting angry.
Then the visitor asked, "Where did you come from?" ”
"From Xining." This time it was not Huang Liangcheng who answered, but Liu Yuting who answered.
The visitors saw that they were not willing to communicate much, so they left.
As soon as the other party left, everyone began to discuss who the person was and what they were doing.
"I see that there are so many people in the officer corps, there must be people from the party organization, and the person who came to ask questions came to understand our situation, or came to get in touch with us?"
"It's possible, but we need to be vigilant and beware of traitors!" Huang Liangcheng said.
"Xiao Huang has a point!"
"We should carefully observe the person who asked the question before making a decision!" Liu Yuting continued.
In the next few days, they secretly paid attention to each other, and found that the man had a cheerful personality, was very enthusiastic about his comrades, and everyone was very kind to him.
Everyone thought that it was impossible for a traitor to have such a good relationship among the cadres of the Red Army, so the other party may really come to care about himself and others, and later they learned that the person who came was called Xin Yuanlin, who had served as the political commissar of the regiment, and after that, they both talked to each other, but they did not talk deeply, and they were tempting each other.
The six were among the last to enter the prison, so they were unaware of the secret party organization in the prison. However, they knew that most of the people here had not revealed their true identities, so the six concluded that there must be a party organization here.
After that, the six people finally contacted the party organization, and the contact person was Xin Yuanlin.
Later, the concentration camp brigade had to select a service soldier from the ranks of soldiers, and took a fancy to Leng Chicai, the instructor of the cavalry division who had not yet revealed his identity. Leng Chicai was afraid of political baggage and was reluctant to go, but the party branch thought that this was a good opportunity to understand the situation and mobilized him to go.
One day, Leng Chicai happily returned to report: "I learned by telephone that after negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communists, we have set up our offices in Xi'an, Lanzhou and other places. We also know from the conversations of the brigade commanders that the Central Committee of our Party is negotiating with the Kuomintang to return all the Red Army officers and men imprisoned in Lanzhou and Xining. ”
Fang Qiang and others immediately told the other comrades the good news, and after receiving the news, they were very happy, couldn't sleep all night, and expressed their desire to return to the Red Army as soon as possible. Later, I got the news that the central government sent Zhang Wenbin to visit everyone at that time, and I was very happy.
Everyone's faces were filled with joyful expressions, and when the enemy saw it, he asked, "What are you happy about these days?" What's there to be happy about? ”
"The anti-Japanese national united front has won a preliminary victory and the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have cooperated.
After hearing this, the enemy only said perfunctorily: "Yes, yes."
On this day, the news of Zhang Wenbin's arrival spread throughout the concentration camp and was warmly welcomed by comrades...
Fang Qiang cordially took Zhang Wenbin's hand and said, "We all warmly welcome you!" ”
Before leaving, Zhang Wenbin expressed his approval of the work of Fang Qiang and others: "I will return to Xi'an in two days and report to Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai. Your demand to return to the Red Army will certainly be met, and you will certainly be able to go to the anti-Japanese front! ”
At the same time, he took out a small bag: "This time I came to Lanzhou, I didn't bring funds, this is the 40 yuan I saved from my own travel expenses, leaving everyone to buy some needle and thread, sew and mend clothes!"
The enemy decided to take the Red Army from the Lanzhou concentration camp to Xi'an and then to Nanjing.
Before being taken to Lanzhou, the party branch decided to return to Yan'an by fleeing halfway.
On this day, everyone went to the monk's shop in Lund County, and after lunch, the officer team was ready to leave, at this time the Kuomintang soldiers came to everyone with a bloody man.
The visitors' clothes were thin, soaked in blood, and their faces were dripping with blood from time to time. The enemy walked up to them and said menacingly, "This is a squad of soldiers, who escaped and were caught." What should we do?"
Everyone understands that the enemy is killing chickens and monkeys and threatening them.
Everyone looked at the tragic situation of their comrades-in-arms and were very angry, and Liu Yuting took the lead in standing up: "It is no longer like you beat him like this, you immediately let him go!"
The others also stood up and shouted, "Let him go, let him go!"
"You are torturing people like this, it's so cruel!"
The soldiers of the other soldiers' brigade also rushed over, surrounded the enemy, and shouted loudly.
Faced with the menacing Red Army soldiers, the enemy had to retreat.
On this day, the team passed through Huajialing, a man with a dirty face, a sallow face, deep sunken eyes, a grass rope tied around his waist, and two different broken shoes on his feet, who looked at Liu Yuting and Huang Liangcheng in a daze, and then walked towards them with a trembling crutch in his hand.
Seeing him walking towards himself and others, Zeng Qingliang said: "It is a poor man who begs for food, give him some money!" ”
"You guys... Don't...... Don't you really recognize me coming?"
"Ah! Gong Xinggui!" After several people looked at each other carefully, they screamed in unison.
Gong Xinggui was originally the radio political commissar of the Red Army, and everyone was very familiar with it when he was in the Red Army, but he didn't expect that just after a few months of not seeing him, his appearance would become like this, not only for him to feel uncomfortable.
Gong Xinggui pointed to his two legs and said, "Bitten by a dog, I really can't walk today, I didn't expect to meet you..."
Everyone quickly took off their clothes from their bodies, and you and I stuffed them into Gong Xinggui's hands one by one. Gong Xinggui excitedly changed his clothes, carrying only half of the broken bowl and a few rotten potatoes on the ground...
His legs were bitten by the dog, and the battle was unstable, so everyone carried him away.
At first, a battalion of the 98th Division was responsible for escorting, and later when they passed through Pingliang, the escort troops were replaced by a battalion of the 43rd Division.
Later they passed a small town with a slogan written by the Red Army on the wall:
"Support the anti-Japanese national united front!"
"Unity against Japan!"
"Welcome the comrades of the Western Route Army back to the Red Army!"
The appearance of the last slogan was like a scorching sun for the soldiers of the Red Army who had suffered so much that warmed everyone's heart.
After dinner that day, Liu Yuting and others received a note from the party branch, only to see that it was written with the words "bedridden" on it.
The next day, the Red Army soldiers did not get up, and at noon they wrapped a meal of dumplings, and only after 12 noon did they slowly embark on the road. Fang Qiang, who was walking in the front, took the lead in action, saying that he was full and quick to go, and when the enemy heard him say this, he thought it was a good thing, so he was very happy to take the lead and ran in front, so everyone also began to act in the back.
"Report, I want to pee." So follow a soldier.
"Report, I want..." Then one soldier after another followed.
The front ran fast, the back had not yet woken up, and soon, the team of 100 people dragged into a team of five or six miles long, and the east and west were scattered.
Everyone was accompanied by an enemy soldier, who was humorously called "guard" by everyone.
Huang Liangcheng led the enemy to a shop and bought some cigarettes and tea. At this moment he saw three or three twos riding back and forth in front of them. At this time, a person on a bicycle pushed the bicycle in, bought some tea and drank it, constantly shouting "So hot, so hot!" But he didn't forget to do business, "Hey! Boss, walk hungry fast, buy a few pot helmets to eat, very cheap, 1 dime 10!"
Huang Liangcheng was also a little hungry, so he bought a pot helmet. Others also bought it, but also for the "guards" around them. What makes everyone strange is that when the other side gave the Red Army, they always turned over the bottom, or took two or three at once, and when they handed them to him, they also squeezed their eyebrows and said to everyone: "You take a good look at these two... That's three! ”
Huang Liangcheng did not know, so he took two and took a closer look, only to find that there were two dollars and a note sandwiched in the middle, only to see that the note said, "The east of forty miles is the guerrilla zone." Scout of the Western Army. ”
After receiving the news from the guerrillas, Huang Liangcheng and the others were very happy, and they were all looking forward to the upcoming Fort forty Mile.
Fort Forty Mile had no enemy barracks or a compound that could accommodate more than 1,000 people, so they scattered everyone in their hometowns. The enemy had no choice but to send two companies to martial law around Fort Forty Mile. Two platoons of one company were under martial law at the intersection, and one platoon was guarding the battalion headquarters. But the Red Army fighters gathered in three or five, and the enemy, fearing that the Red Army fighters would riot at night, called back the two platoons under martial law outside.
It was during this night that many people ventured to escape. Fang Qiang, Xin Yuanlin, Liu Yuting, huang Liangcheng, and others all fled Hukou and returned to the garrison of the Western Aid Army.
Everyone saw Liu Bocheng, Zhang Hao, Song Renqian, and other chiefs who had come to visit them at the western aid army station, and tears flowed uncontrollably.
After Huang Liangcheng returned to Yan'an, he was incorporated into the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army on the eve of the Anti-Japanese War in North China
Radio operator and radio station chief of the Jiluyu Detachment, chief of staff of the 24th Regiment of the Eighth Brigade of the Jiluyu Military Region. After the founding of New China, he served as the principal of the PLA Communications School, the secretary of dalian shipyard, the political director and consultant of the Sixth Ministry of Machinery Industry, and made great contributions to China's shipbuilding industry. He died in Beijing in 1982.
Fang Qiang served after returning to Yan'an
Director of the Political Department of the 385th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army. In 1945, he was the commander of the Hejiang Military Region and the commander of the First Military Subdistrict (also known as the Ilan Military Subdistrict), and from August 1946 to February 1947, he was the political commissar of the Hejiang Military Region. Since 1947, he has successively served as the commander of the East Manchuria Independent Division, the commander of the 30th Division of the 10th Column of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army, the commander of the 141st Division of the 10th Column of the Northeast Field Army, the deputy commander of the 10th Column, and the commander of the 44th Army of the 15th Corps of the Fourth Field Army. He participated in the Liaoshen Campaign, the Pingjin Campaign, and the Guangdong Campaign, and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general.