Hudson Square, New York
After 30 years of rapid development, high-quality land resources in the central urban areas of China's first- and second-tier cities have become increasingly scarce. Rail transit construction reshapes urban space. The redevelopment of the existing land of the depot that integrates the development strategy of the area is particularly important. The case of this article is the comprehensive development of the upper cover of the Manhattan West Railway Station in New York, the Hudson City Plaza, and the integrated development of the High Line Park Area.
High Line Park, New York
New York's High Line Park crosses the Chelsea district of Manhattan, New York. Its northern section (Phase III) turns west from 30th Street, turns north along 12th Avenue, and finally lands on the south side of 34th Street. This semi-loop hook-and-half-pack area is the Manhattan Western Railroad Depot, which is used to park and overhaul long island rail line trains, covering an area of about 11 hectares, the depot was completed and put into use in 1987, and the depot superstructure development project - Hudson City Square was launched in 2012.
High Line Park and Manhattan West Railroad Depot
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New York HighLine
The High Line Park belongs to the urban renewal project of the central urban area and is positioned as an urban basic public facility.
The "High Line" is a thirty-foot-high elevated railway freight line, built in 1930 and discontinued in 1980. Residents of the High Line once demanded that the government demolish the High Line, and rail enthusiasts worked hard to stop the demolition and advocated the protection and renewal of the High Line as a public development space for the city.
Relevant information shows that in the economic feasibility assessment at that time, the cost of transforming the High Line Park into public space will be lower than the cost of reconstruction. The Government and the Federal Commission on Transport of Geographical Names have introduced an updated programme in which the government invests financial funds to repair the High Line.
In 2003, the "Rebuild high line" project was launched, and in 2006, the project began. Carefully created by star architects and landscape architects, through the superposition and mixing of various factors, the 2.5-kilometer abandoned elevated railway was transformed into a pedestrian walkway with a strong sense of life and "the naturalistic taste of the urban elite aesthetic", which was opened to the public in 2009 and the renovation project was completed in 2014.
The first phase of the High Line Park retained the original railroad tracks, the second phase of the line added new entrances, set up pedestrian stairs every 200 meters, and set up vertical elevators every 800 meters, changing the logic of people entering the park; phase III surrounded the Hudson Railway Yard, and wildflowers bloomed.
The High Line Park is popular with visitors and local residents alike, and the combination of new districts and parks around it makes it the fastest-growing and most vibrant neighborhood in New York City.
The development of the high line shows that investment in urban public infrastructure can effectively stimulate economic development and stimulate the development of real estate in areas along the route.
The Hudson Yard Overland Real Estate Development was given the best time to develop due to the successful development of High Line Park.
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Renovate the Hudson Campus and City Square
Hudson Bay is bordered by Midtown Manhattan in the east and the Hudson River in the west.
The project was originally industrial land, the surrounding residents are few, after the industrial recession in 1987 to build the Manhattan West Railway Station, and reserved a certain upper cover development conditions. It became the only large precinct of Manhattan available for development. Since 2001, New York City has been promoting the urban renewal of Hudson's old industrial land, which will become an important extension of the downtown business district according to the plan, and gradually develop into the new city center of New York. As a result, the Manhattan West Railroad Depot is known as the most valuable depot in the world.
In 2001, the New York City Urban Planning Department released the master plan for the area, which will be built into a public transit-oriented, vibrant, pedestrian-friendly mixed-function area and a new carrier of urban public corridors, employment and population growth.
In 2005, the Hudson Wharf District East and West Districts began to renovate and begin land acquisition, and the plan has been revised several times in the following years.
In 2009, The Related Group's renovation plan was approved by the City Council and the western area of the station was adjusted for residential and commercial purposes.
In 2010, Related Introduced Oxford Property Group for joint development and acquired a 99-year development lease right over the station.
At the end of 2012, the renovation project was started.
In 2019, the first phase of Area A (White Ground) was completed.
The Hudson Place project covers an area of 11 hectares and is divided into two districts: East (Phase I) and West (Phase II). It is planned to build a series of buildings including office buildings, hotel apartments, leisure parks, commercial complexes, art centers and other formats, including four skyscrapers such as Buildings 10, 30, 50 and 55, which can absorb about 550,000 people after completion. The first phase of the project accounts for 80% of the commercial and 20% of the residential, and the second phase of the project is mainly residential, including about 400 affordable housing units. With a total investment of $20 billion, it is the largest real estate development project in New York City after Rockefeller Center.
Schematic map of the location of the Hudson Yards station and the superstructure
Floor plan of The East and West districts of Hudson Yards
Hudson Yards format layout
Bird's-eye view of Hudson Yards
Hudson Yards 30 and supertall observation deck
Landmark 1: Large climbing staircase VESSEL
Landmark 2: Movable roof of the Grand Theater SHED
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Extension of Metro Line 7
During the Hudson Campus development, the New York City Urban Planning Department extended the terminus of Metro Line 7 from Times Square to 34th Street on the north side of the project. The station opened in 2015, ending Times Square's 88-year terminal history, being the first new subway station to open since 1989 and a key enabler for the comprehensive development of the old depot and the redevelopment of the Hudson Bay Pier warehouse area.
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Implications for the urban renewal development of The Hudson Park
(1) Rights (policy and government investment), technology (planning and development and construction of the area), and capital (developers and investors) are indispensable in the development of the area.
The construction and investment of urban public infrastructure such as the High Line Park and the Extension Project of Metro Line 7 (led by the government) is a key link in the rapid start-up and promotion of the hudson City Plaza, a superstructure development project of the station.
The Hudson Town Plaza project is an important factor in the transformation of the old industrial area of the docks into the center of New York New York City (capital promotion). With its large-scale and rapid advancement, it is regarded as a benchmark project for urban revitalization, and at the same time realizes economic benefits and urban spatial renewal.
The abandoned elevated railway has been transformed into a world-famous new urban public space integrating humanities, art and landscape; the existing track yard station has been built to develop skyscrapers and create a new landmark in New York City comparable to the Eiffel Tower, VESSEL, all of which reflect the importance of innovative technologies and concepts for the reshaping of urban space (technological realization).
(2) A new destination and urban future neighborhood have been created with a composite format.
The Hudson City Plaza project includes urban complexes with commercial, office, residential, public space, municipal facilities and other elements, and its planning and positioning goes beyond the influence circle of a subway station to attract resource elements from all over the world with a new commercial center of the international city.
(3) Tax incremental financing innovation.
Hudson Town Square announced that the investment amount is about 25 billion US dollars, and the cost of infrastructure renovation and upgrading during the start-up period is borne by the government. The construction costs required for the extension of Line 7 use the "value capture financing" tool, a bond strategy issued to support infrastructure improvements with the expected taxes and benefits of new developments in the precinct. The New York City Government is responsible for the shortfall in upfront development revenues, project construction and operational excess expenses.
Diversified project financing channels. In addition to traditional government funds and banking and securities channels, it is also supported by Institutions such as Starwood, Kochi, Mitsui Fudosan, and is also a U.S. EB-5 investment immigration program.
(4) Balance the interests of multiple parties and promote joint efforts.
The Hudson Park Renewal was launched in 2001 and went through a series of complicated processes such as precinct planning adjustment, land nature change review, economic feasibility investigation and demonstration and plan collection, infrastructure upgrading, etc., and the construction of Hudson City Square was officially launched in 2012.
Such a large-scale precinct project, in New York City is already efficient, as the old city renewal project, as mentioned earlier, Hudson City Plaza integrated the development of the precinct, enhance the value of the area, and make the cake bigger, attracting the joint participation of multiple stakeholders.
The project was promoted as "City Hall One Project" and was established by the Hudison Square Development Corporation Committee, chaired by the Vice Mayor in charge of Economic Development and Urban Construction of New York City, and its members include the Chairman of the Municipal Planning Commission, the Commissioner of the Municipal Department of Housing Protection and Development, the Commissioner of the Municipal Department of Parks and Recreation, the Commissioner of the Municipal Small Business Service Department, the Director of the Municipal Budget Management Office, the President of the Municipal Economic Development Corporation (EDC), the Municipal Auditor General, the City Council Spokesperson, the District Councillor, the Manhattan District Mayor, and the Chairman of the Manhattan Fourth Neighborhood Committee. Coordinate interdepartmental cooperation in project financing, planning, development and construction, and promote public infrastructure construction, budget management, land acquisition, etc.
(5) Integrate architectural creativity, technology and environment to create new formats and new spaces.
As a city landmark, the climbable art installation VESSEL pays attention to the interaction between public space and people; the roofed movable art center THE SHED combines open space with cultural and artistic functional spaces; New York's highest observation deck, flexible twin towers, etc. to create a new skyline of the city; super commercial complex to build a unique shopping experience platform.
Source: Railway TOD integrated development
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