In 764 AD, Du Fu, who was living in Chengdu, heard the news of the unfortunate death of two friends, and was indignant and wrote a mourning poem, the first two sentences were: "The old who pitied me, Zheng and Su in ordinary life." ”
The Su in the poem is Su Yuanming; Zheng is Zheng Qian.
Although Zheng Qian was 20 years older than Du Fu, the two became friends who shared each other's hearts, Du Fu wrote more than 1400 poems in his lifetime, and more than 20 poems related to Zheng Qian, even exceeding Li Bai, which shows the weight of Zheng Qian in Du Fu's heart.
However, there is one thing that makes people wonder: when Zheng Qianhan was unjustly degraded, Du Fu was a leftist and was at the emperor's side, so why didn't he fight to rescue him?
Let's look back at the context.
In 756, after An Lushan captured Chang'an, he abducted hundreds of officials to the eastern capital Luoyang, and Zheng Qian was first appointed by the rebels as Shuibu Langzhong and then as Guozi Siye, but Zheng Qian claimed that he was ill and did not take office, and secretly wrote to Tang Suzong to show his loyalty.
However, after the reconquest of Chang'an, Zheng Qian was still demoted to Taizhou Sihu to join the army.
Taizhou's geographical location is remote, and Zheng Qian is 66 years old and cannot withstand the toss, and Du Fu knows this well. But why didn't he state his reasoning to the emperor, understand the reason, move with affection, and struggle to rescue his friend?
You know, Du Fugang served as Zuo Shiyi not long ago, in order to save Fang Zhen, he did not hesitate to offend Tang Suzong, and now that his friend was degraded, why did he hesitate?
Taizhou Linhai Ancient City Wall
A poem written by Du Fu when he bid farewell to Zheng Qian not only touched the heart, but also euphemistically told us the answer.
"Sending Zheng Eighteen Piety to Degrade Taizhou Sihu, Hurting His Old Trap Thief," Que is a Face Goodbye, And His Love Is Seen in Poetry"
Zheng Gongfan's sideburns were scattered into silk, and he was often called an old painter after drinking.
Wanli is sad and sternly condemned, and when he is dying for a hundred years.
Cang Panic has been a long way, and the encounter is too late for no reason.
He and Mr. Ying Yong Tips, Jiu Chong Quan Road to the end of the delivery date.
The title of the poem is relatively long, but it contains a key message: "Que is the face of the face" in the "que", the same as "lack", that is, the two did not face each other; "love is seen in the poem", indicating that the poet just wrote this poem to send to his friends, and expressed his feelings.
So why did Du Fu not send off his friends in person? What feelings was he trying to express?
Let's take a closer look.
Ancient Taizhou capital city wall
1. Du Fu was upset with Zheng Qian.
In the first league, Zheng Gongfan's sideburns were scattered into silk, and he was often called an old painter after drinking. Chū (chū), a deciduous tree, loose and white, with a smell, here refers to useless talents; scattered, scattered wood, also refers to useless talents. The meaning of these two sentences is that Zheng Guangwen has no talent, and his hair has gray; he often calls himself an old painter when he is drunk.
These two sentences are very strange, not like the words of a good friend.
The former sentence is the poet's evaluation of Zheng Qian, who is both talentless and old.
The latter sentence is corroborated by Zheng Qian's drunken words, the so-called drunken vomiting, he himself said that he was just an old painter.
Of course, in our view, the painter is not talentless, but in the eyes of the ancients, Wen can rule the country, wu can be an anbang, this is called talent, painting is purely not doing the right thing.
Whether this is true or not, why do you Du Fu want to "damage" your friends like this?
There is only one purpose, in order to pave the way for the jaw union and hold a grievance for friends.
Jaw union, thousands of miles of sadness and severe condemnation day, a hundred years of dying ZTE. Severe punishment; a hundred years, referring to a person's life; dying, nearing death; ZTE, referring to the country's transformation from decline to rejuvenation. The meaning of these two sentences is that the imperial court was too harsh to demote Zheng Gong to the distant Taizhou, and it was really sad that people were close to death when the country was thriving in this life.
How does a poet feel bad about his friends?
There are two aspects:
(1) Logically speaking, since Zheng Gong has no talent, is just a painter, has no ambition, is harmless to the country, and is relegated to the distant Taizhou, it is too severe;
(2) Emotionally speaking, Zheng Gong is already old and has been relegated to the distant Taizhou, which will make him soon close to death, and a person who has survived the war, but cannot live to be the country's ZTE, isn't it more sad?
This sentence is too strict in reason, too desperate in circumstances, and unreasonable, and it is naturally difficult for people to accept it.
So, can Zheng Qian accept it?
Also, Du Fu, why don't you tell Tang Suzong these words? What is the use of this poem being written for a friend, not for a king?
The poet did not answer directly, but instead wrote about the farewell.
Du Fu's hometown
2. The poet wants to say goodbye but does not see a friend.
Neck link, Cang Panic has been a long way, encounters for no reason out of the delay. Panic, hurry; encounter, refers to accidental encounter; out of the way, out of the way. The meaning of these two sentences is: you have rushed to Taizhou; I wanted to meet you, but it was too late for no reason.
Although these two sentences are written as a farewell, they only explain the reason why the poet did not say goodbye to his friends.
Because Zheng Qian was in a hurry, he was in a hurry; and the poet wanted to meet him, but it was too late for no reason.
It can be seen that the two of them did not meet before they separated, first because Zheng Qian was in a hurry, and second, because Du Fu was too late to act.
This leaves two important questions:
(1) Why did Zheng Qian rush to the road in a hurry and not say goodbye to his friends?
(2) Encounter is the meaning of accidental encounter, why did Du Fu not take the initiative to go to send goodbye, but to "meet"?
We leave these two questions to the end of the article to answer.
Let's follow the poet's train of thought, he wants to say goodbye but does not see a friend, what kind of mood is it? Let's continue reading the tail link.
Du Fu Caotang
3. The pain in the poet's heart.
Tail link, then with Mr. Ying Yong Tips, Jiu Chong Quan Road to the end of the delivery date. The meaning of these two sentences is: I am afraid that I will have to say goodbye to you forever this time, and we can only wait until we meet again on Huangquan Road.
These two sentences write the endless pain in the poet's heart and make people cry.
The poet knows very well that once Zheng Qian leaves, it will be difficult for the two people to see each other again.
This returned to this crucial question: Since he had known that it would be so painful, why did Du Fu not say a few words for Zheng Qian in front of Tang Suzong in the first place?
Du fu
4. The reason why the poet did not rescue his friend.
Why didn't the poet intercede with Tang Suzong?
Let's first think about it, why did Du Fu intercede for Fang Zhen in the first place?
Because Fang Zhen is the prime minister, interceding for Fang Zhen is actually for the sake of the country, which is Zuo Shiyi's duty.
But Zheng Qian is only a painter, if Du Fu intercedes for him, the starting point can only be personal relations, it is difficult to get rid of the suspicion of favoritism, and he has already offended Tang Suzong before, if he intercedes for Zheng Qian again, not only can not convince Tang Suzong, but may aggravate his suspicions and make things worse.
The word "hasty" indicates that Zheng Qian's situation at that time was very bad, and in order not to involve his friends, he chose to leave in a hurry.
Du Fu was also aware of this, so he wanted to "pretend to meet", but the action was too slow, and Zheng Qian had already left.
You see this poem, the first two poets are uneven for their friends, but the neck link writes that they can't say goodbye in person, and the connection is in the words "hasty" and "encounter", which not only hides the dangerous situation that Zheng Qian faced at that time, but also implicitly writes out their true feelings for each other.
And whether it is Zheng Qian's "hasty departure" or Du Fu's "encounter is not successful", in fact, it is for the sake of the other party, Zheng Qian does not want to involve Du Fu, Du Fu wants to send off Zheng Qian, so that Zheng Qian can get some comfort, in a sinister situation, the feelings of the two are not only not reduced, but sublimated.
Although Du Fu expected it, five years after Zheng Qian's death, Du Fu learned the bad news, and the friendship between the two people turned into a deep regret, how could it not be sad?
So do you think that Du Fu and Zheng Qian's feelings are deep, or are they deeper with Li Bai?
Welcome to leave a message to discuss.