The Qing Dynasty had two officials named "Mingshi", one was Dai Mingshi, a Kangxi Shiren, and the other was Qian Mingshi, who mainly lived in the Yongzheng Dynasty. The name of the two is "Mingshi", and indeed they have left their names in the world. But there is no good "end". From being loved by the emperor to being abandoned by the emperor, only because of a few poems, a paragraph.
Dai Mingshi, born in 1653. His family was poor, he studied hard, and he had few talents. Although he also participated in the imperial examination, most of the time, his interest was to exchange celebrities, such as Fang Bao of the Tongcheng Sect; he visited the ming dynasty and wanted to write a Huanghuang "History of Ming" and circulate it to the world.
It was with this great ambition that when he learned that his protégé Yu Zhan knew a monk named Li Zhi— who was originally a eunuch by the side of emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty, and after Yongli was killed by Wu Sangui, he became a monk and returned to Buddhism — and after hearing a lot of first-hand information about Nanming from the Plough Branch, he felt that it was very rare, and it was of great benefit to have written a book. Therefore, he ran to Yu Zhan's place and wanted to meet with the plough branch.
But they failed to meet. So Dai Mingshi wrote to the rest of his life, asking him to write down what he heard and send it to him. The letter contains such words as "Now the Emperor of Hongguang, Nanjing, the Emperor of Longwu, the Emperor of Longwu, the Emperor of Yongli, the Emperor of Guangdong, emperor Dianqian, thousands of miles in the land, the beginning and the end of the seventeen or eight years, the righteousness of the Spring and Autumn Period, it is not as good as Zhao Liezhi in Shu, the Emperor Fuzhi is in Yazhou, and the matter is gradually destroyed", mentioning the three era names of the Southern Ming Dynasty and comparing them with the Anti-Yuan court of the Shu Han and the last few years of the Southern Song Dynasty.
In 1702, his disciple You Qulu compiled his teacher's articles into the Nanshan Collection, which contained the letter.
In other words, there is really no solution to this man's going to have an accident. When this book was published, there was nothing wrong, Dai Mingshi also took the examination in 1709, took the first place, the temple examination took the second place, became the eye of the list, it can be seen that his article, Kangxi also liked - and that year, The Champion was Zhao Xiongzhao, the son of Zhao Shenqiao, a Qing dynasty official.
Unexpectedly, two years later, Zhao Shenqiao, who was serving in the Metropolitan Inspection Bureau, participated in a copy of Dai Mingshi and said that he "stole literary names in vain, bullied talents and debauchery, and when he was a former sentient being, he privately carved anthologies, talked wildly, reversed right and wrong, and spoke in a lot of wild words"... The crime is the above-mentioned paragraph about Nanming in the "Nanshan Collection" - this book has been published for nearly ten years, why did you go before?
What happened next was very simple. Dai Mingshi was killed, the Nanshan Collection was banned, and more than three hundred people were implicated. But Emperor Kai'en, the Dai family and several clans, were not punished according to the custom... He was going to die blind.
And in the Yongzheng Dynasty, there was another one named Qian Mingshi. He and Dai Mingshi were actually contemporaries, six years before Dai, but the rank, one lower than him, was Tanhua - also very powerful - participated in the compilation of many important books at that time, and was highly used by Kangxi - but the reason why he left his name was mainly in the Yongzheng Dynasty.
He is kind to Nian Tangyao. This is also normal, in those years, Nian Tangyao was favored, and naturally he had to support him. They are all jinshi, and the township test is the same year, it is inevitable to sing poems and lyrics, there is a sentence in a poem - Zhong Ding ming Leshan He oath, the second stele of Fanzang Yijian, and also made a note "Gong (Nian Tangyao) transferred troops to tibet, Yile a stele, attached to the former emperor 'Pingzang Stele' after" - this is tout Nian Tangyao and Kangxi Ye's merits are similar ah - this is too high - in Nian and Yongzheng called brothers and brothers, naturally nothing happened, once the face turned, it became evidence of incriminating.
Because of this poem, Yongzheng fiercely humiliated Qian Mingshi. Although there is a crime of disobedience, but do not kill, but let more than three hundred and fifty civilian officials write poems to evaluate Qian Mingshi - everyone wants to get, this poem, naturally, how to damage it - Yongzheng personally checked, the damage is not bad enough, sent back to rewrite, it is too bad, directly degrade the official - think about those officials, how uncomfortable it is, everyone is a good friend on weekdays, drink and chant poetry together, and now they have to write poems to scold him, and, this kind of play, today is his money and fame, tomorrow is not me - but, The order is immediate, who dares not follow?
Finally, the poems were all written. YongZheng ordered people to compile this collection, called "Collection of Famous Religions and Sinners", which was promulgated to the world. Not enough, and the royal pen inscribed a plaque - a famous religious sinner - let Qian Mingshi bring it back to his hometown and hang it at the main gate, and the local officials, at the beginning of each month, had to go to see if they had been taken off - God, how dare he not hang it - although it was discredited and stepped on hundreds of pairs of feet, but good evil, left a life is not it? I don't know where this plaque is now—but I think it must have profoundly educated the descendants of qian mingshi—to be upright and upright, and not to be a man of honor and flattery to those who are like the sun in the sky—lest one carelessly be hit by a big stone that falls at an unknown time.
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