Wang Huibin: Tao Yuanming's longevity problem

Among the poets before Li Tang, Tao Yuanming's life is the most complicated. For example, the name, the year number, the address, the provenance, the lineage, the age, etc., which Mr. Zhu Ziqing called "these six are all big ends"[1], are still controversial and difficult to break the A and B. Taking his life expectancy as an example, since the Liu Song Dynasty, there are sixty-three years old, seventy-six years old, fifty-six years old, fifty-two years old, and more than sixty years old. The sixty-three-year-old speaker Nai Zhao began with Shen Yue's "Song Shu Tao Qian Biography", and Liang Qichao's "Tao Yuan's Next Year's Genealogy"[2] was the first to create the fifty-six theory. Lu Kanru and Feng Yuanjun's History of Chinese Poetry[3] speaks from Liang. The Seventy-Six Speakers are the Song Dynasty Zhang Lingyin In the "Dialectic of Wu Spectrum"[4], the Qing dynasty Huang Zhang and others are not in doubt, but Liang's "Spectrum" believes that it is also not true. Song Yunbin's article "Several Problems in Tao Yuan's Genealogy next year" believes that the sixty-three-year-old of the "Book of Song and Tao Qianbiography" said that "gai has no clear evidence", and its age should be "about sixty years old". [5] Gu Zhi's "Tao Jing Festival Annals"[6] initiated the fifty-two-year-old theory. Lai Yihui's "Tao Yuanming's Life Deeds and New Examination of His Age"[7], although it is believed that the evidence used in the ancient "Genealogy" is impossible to establish, it confirms from new materials that Tao Yuan's next birthday will still be fifty-two years old, which is in line with the ancient "Genealogy".

He also arrested Qin Li's "Tao Yuanming Deeds Poetry and Literature Year" (hereinafter referred to as the "Lineage Year") [8], although it is said that he was sixty-three years old, the "Tao Yuan Next Year Genealogy Draft" written here before this time agrees with the fifty-two theories of the ancient "Genealogy". Of course, although the sixty-three-year-old of "The Year of the Lineage" adopts the act of "old bottles of new wine" in terms of materials, the contradictions and doubts in it are too numerous to mention. For example, in the Eleventh Year of Yixi, it is believed that Tao Yuanming began to grow a son at the age of thirty-five, while in the nineteenth year of Taiyuan, When Tao Yuanming was thirty years old, he said: "It was a year of widowhood." In this way, it shows that Ashur was born to Tao Yuanming's stepmother Zhai. In fact, this statement is very contrary to Tao Yuanming's record of "Waiting for Zi Yu". "Shu" Yun: "Although Ru Ru and others are not born, they should think of the righteousness of brothers in all parts of the world." ...... Others Shang'er, the same father's people! The "different births" and "co-fathers" here have told us very clearly that Tao Yu was born of the non-Zhai clan and was born of Tao Yuanming's yuanbei. As for the "Year of the Lineage" in order to become sixty-three years old, it conjecturs "thirty years of idle residence" to "three or two years of idle residence", and explains "one to thirty years" to "one to ten years", etc., it is even more rootless. From this point of view, the editorial department of the Zhonghua Book Company pointed out in the article "Tao Yuanming Collection and Publication Instructions" that the annotations of The Tao Yuanming Collection and the criticism of Tao Yuanming's life and poetry as "biased words" are both pertinent and quite neutral.

The above situation shows that Tao Yuanming's various claims that his life span has existed in the academic circles since the Liu Song Dynasty are difficult to establish, and his life thus constitutes a difficult problem in the history of literature. This section is intended to take Tao Yuanming's eunuch calendar as a point of examination, combine relevant materials, and try to make a new exploration of his life expectancy and birth year.

First, Tao Yuan's next birthday examination

For Tao Yuanming's eunuch calendar, the first author is Shen Yue's "Book of Song and Tao Qian's Biography", which has clouds:

Poor in his hometown, he sacrificed wine for the state, could not bear the official's post, and returned to his own liberation for a few days. The state summons the Master Book, no. Self-financing, so win the disease. Reinstating the town army, Jianwei joining the army... Thinking that Peng Zeling was dismissed from his post on the same day. ...... At the end of Yoshihito, Shiro, no. [9]

From this text, it can be seen that Tao Yuanming had a time gap in his life after the Xiezhou sacrifice and "restored to the town army and Jianwei joined the army", while Shen Yue only prevaricated with the eight characters of "cultivating himself and holding the disease". In fact, this practice of Shen Yue is not advisable. According to the Tao collection, there is a poem "Returning the Old Residence": "The former family went to Beijing, and returned after six years." Today is coming back, and there is much sorrow. This poem shows that Tao Yuanming once lived in the "Shangjing" home for "six years". However, there are three speakers of the poem "Shangjing", namely, Kuriri, Kyoto Jiankang, and Shangjing (i.e., Jingzhou). According to Li Li in Lushan, close to Chai Sang, he can come and go back and forth on the same day, if Tao Yuanming still has Chai Sang's "old residence" after "six years" of living in The Other Residence, why does he have the situation of "pity and sorrow"? What's more, the use of "Shangjing" as one of the famous people in Lushan mountain began in the "Nan Kangzhi" of Zhu Duanzhang of the Song Dynasty in the twelfth year of Chunxi, and the writings of the Song people were used as the material for the examination of the "Shangjing" in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which in itself is unscientific. The use of "Shangjing" as "Shangjing", that is, Jingzhou, was initiated by Liang Qichao's "Tao Yuan Next Year's Genealogy", but it is said that it is very inconsistent with the use of "Shangjing" in Tao's concentration elsewhere. For example, the poem "Answering Pang to join the army" says: "The great clan has a destiny, and it is an envoy to Shangjing." Again, the preface to the poem: "From Gangneung to Shangdu, through the search for the sun to see the gift." Obviously, "Shangjing" refers to not "Shangjing" but to Jingshi Jiankang.

Why does Tao Yuanming live in "Shangjing"? And when did you live in "Shangjing"? In this regard, most of the previous chronicles have linked it to the poem "The First Town Army Joined the Army and The Classic of Qu'a". For example, the "Tao Yuanming Collection" of the Annotated Edition of the Qinli School believes that "Liu Yu started the incident in Jingkou and sat here, Jingkou is in Jinling Dantu County, and Qu'a is in Jinling Qu'a County, and they are very close to each other." In fact, this statement is very controversial. According to Liu Yu's participation in the army as a town army, in the third year of Xingyuan (404 AD), the "six years" of the calendar "Returning the Old Residence" is the sixth year of the Jin'an Emperor Yixi (410 AD), at that time, Tao Yuanming's resignation from Peng Zeling has been several years, why should he still live in "Shangjing" and "go back"? This shows that it is self-evident that it is wrong to say so. Some commentators think that the general of the Zhen army is Liu Gaozhi, but Liu Gaozhi has never served this position in his lifetime, which shows that it is impossible to establish it. The Kao Tao collection "Drinking" has ten clouds: "In the past, I traveled far away, until the southeast corner." The road is long and long, and the wind and waves are blocked in the middle. The second cloud of "Pseudo-Ancient" is: "The resignation of the family is strictly driven, and the future is endless." And its eight clouds: "When young and strong, stroke the sword and travel alone." "Gengzi years in the middle of May from the capital still block the wind in the forest" two of the two clouds: "Born of long-term love, how to drown in the here." These verses show that in Tao Yuanming's life, there was an experience of "traveling far to the southeast corner", and the title of the poem "Gengzi Still Obstructing the Wind in the Middle of may from the Capital" also points out that the time of his trip to "return to the old residence" is "Gengzi Year" (400 AD), so as to push up the "six years", then his first trip to the "southeast corner" is the twentieth year of the Jin Jianwen Emperor Taiyuan (395 AD). According to this, Tao Yuanming's so-called "Shangjing" for six years refers to a six-year-long southeastern roaming centered on Jingshi Jiankang, from 395 to 400 AD. According to the five characters of "born of long-term love", the reason why Tao Yuanming's trip to "Gengzi Year May" was returned from the Beijing Division was to worry about the "born" in the "old residence", that is, the old mother's death. In this period, Tao Yuanming's "uncle" Tao Fu was serving as Tai Changqing in the Beijing Division, and his roaming "southeast corner" was not unrelated to Tao Yuanming's appointment to the Beijing Division.

Tao Yuanming did not return to his home for a long time, that is, "throw himself to learn", and began to specialize in the acquisition of meritorious names. He was twenty-nine years old at the time, as evidenced by the words "Walking toward the Beginning of the Year" in the nineteenth song of "Drinking". That is to say, when Tao Yuanming was twenty-nine years old, he was four years after the "Age of Gengzi", that is, the Jin Dynasty Emperor Long'an. According to our investigation, this "after" actually only has two years (detailed later), so that Tao Yuanming, the "age of Gengzi", is twenty-seven years old, and by extension, his birth year is in 374 AD, that is, the second year of Emperor Yongkang of Jin. Yan Yanzhi's Tao Zhengshi Recitation Yun: "Spring and Autumn, Yuan Jia four years, months and days, died in a certain mile of Xunyang County." "The fourth year of Yuan Jia is 427 AD, and by this measure, it can be seen that Tao Yuanming's life expectancy is fifty-four years old.

Tao Yuanming's life expectancy was only sixty, and Yan Yanzhi's "Tao Zhengshi's Recitation" had long been recorded, Yun: "The year is in the middle body... See death as a homecoming, and be fierce. The potions are tasted, and the prayers are not compassionate. The end of the liturgy, the arms and the long bi. [10] Among them, the "middle body" is the "king of Wen was ordained to be the only middle body" in the Book of Wuyi, that is, the fifty-year-old is also said to be also. However, Zhu Ziqing's "Problems in Tao Yuan's Genealogy next year" notes this quote from the Pseudo-Kong Biography: "King Wen ended with ninety-seven. He was in the middle of the throne at the age of forty-seven. Words in the body, all the numbers. ''All, doesn't have to mean fifty also. "According to Zhu, it was a mistake. If "full number" does not have to mean "fifty" but "sixty" or "seventy", it is obviously not in line with the original meaning of "the middle body is in place, the age of forty-seven", and any "full number" other than "fifty" cannot be regarded as the pronoun of King Wen's reign. Tong Qinli's "Tao Yuanming Ji Bao" has another innovation in this regard, arguing: "The middle body does not necessarily mean that he is in his fifties. For example, the "Jin Shu Lu Play Biography" says: "The subject has been in surplus for sixty years. He also said: The subject lives in the middle of the year, and his life is complete, and he will be hated again. Sixty-four years. It can be seen that in the eyes of the Jin people, more than sixty can also be called middle life or middle body. ”

According to the "middle body", it is not the same as "middle life", and the "Trek" here confuses the concept of the two words because of this. As mentioned earlier, "Middle Body" is a dictionary of "Shu WuYi", which here refers to the special word of fifty generations of age, while "Middle Life" refers to different times, which can never be compared with "Middle Body". For example, in the "Thirty-second Year of zuo chuan and gong", Yun: "Zhongshou, the wooden arch of er's tomb." Shuyun: "Zhongshou Bai." The Zhuangzi Robbery Chapter takes "Zhongshou" as eighty, Huainanzi Yuandao as "Zhongshou" as seventy, and Lü Shi Chunqiu Ann Death as "Zhongshou" as sixty. The Jin people made "Zhongshou" as sixty, and in addition to the "Jin Shu Lu Play Biography", examples can still be found in Ge Hong's "Baopuzi Zhili" and other works. It can be seen that "middle life" as a synonym for age is a kind of "mutable thing", and "middle body" as a synonym for age, because of the classic "Book, Wuyi", can only refer to fifty. Catching the "Trek" does not know the true meaning of the two, and it is very absurd to say that it is good at it.

In fact, Tao Yuanming's life expectancy is only sixty, and we can also see from his relationship with Yan Yanzhi. Xiao Tong's "Tao Yuanming Biography" Yun: "First Yan Yanzhi was Liu Liu's military gong Cao, and he was in love with Yuanming in Xunyang. Later, it was Shi'an County, and after xunyang, Nichizo Yuanming drank. [11] This account informs us that Yan Yanzhi had twice been in Xunyang and Tao Yuanming, one when He was serving as Liu Liuhou's military hero Cao, and the other when Ren Shi'an was too guarded to pass through Xunyang. Yan Yanzhi was Liu Liuhou's military gong Cao, Shi Wumingzai, and the Qing Dynasty Tao Shu's "Tao Jing Festival Chronology Examination Difference" was examined between the tenth and twelfth years of Yixi, which can be obtained. According to Yan Yanzhi's birth in Jiashen (384 AD) in the ninth year of the Jin Dynasty, and thirty-two years old in the eleventh year of Yixi (415 AD), Tao Yuanming's birth year would be forty-two years old if he was counted in 374 AD, which was ten years older than Yan Yanzhi. Otherwise, as the sixty-three-year-old speaker said, Tao Yuanming Yixi is fifty-two years old in eleven years, but changyan is twenty years old, and the distance between the two in age is a generation apart.

2. Tao Yuan's annual examination

Since Tao Yuanming's life expectancy cannot exceed sixty, is there any reliable evidence that his "Gengzi age" is twenty-seven years old in this article? The following is an examination of this from three aspects.

(1) Quoted in the "Book of Song And Tao Qian's Biography" Yun: "Pro-hometown poor, rising for the state to sacrifice wine, not able to perform official duties, less days, self-liberation." Youyun: "Weak and young eunuchs, unclean to go away." "Tao Yuanming sacrificed wine for Jiangzhou, from the Song Dynasty Wang Yao's "Lili Genealogy" to the "Tao Yuanming Collection" annotated by Wang Yao of the present-day people, as well as Tu Qinli's "Tao Yuanming Deeds And Poetry Chronicles", Liao Zhong'an's "Tao Yuanming" and other works, all believe that when he was twenty-nine years old, the evidence relied on was the "vote" in the nineteenth song of "Drinking"

Two sentences: "Shi Xiang Li Nian". According to the term "Xueshi", although it is derived from the "Analects" of "learning and excellent is shi", but the latter emphasizes "learning", only "excellent" can be "Shi", and those who are not "excellent" cannot enter the Shi, so "Xueshi" is not as the old note interprets as "has entered the Shi", "engaged in politics", "become an official", but refers to the famous words of merit, which is evidenced by Tao Yuanming's "Sacrifice from Brother Jingyuan". It was Wen Yun: "Yu Yu Xueshi, entangled in personnel affairs, wandering and unsuccessful." These twelve words are Tao Yuanming's memories of his "wandering" life in the seventh year of Yixi, and the word "Wucheng" is evidence that "Xueshi" is seeking fame for "Xueshi". If "scholarly" is "admitted" or "engaged in politics" and "official", then "wandering and unsuccessful" is incomprehensible. Knowing this, knowing that "it is the time to establish the year" and so on, cannot be used to prove that Tao Yuanming's appointment to Jiangzhou was made when he was twenty-nine years old.

So, in what year was Tao Yuanming's "Rising as a Jiangzhou Sacrifice Unitary"? We believe that the "weak year eunuch" of the Book of Song and Tao Qian's biography clearly records this, that is, he must be twenty years old for Jiangzhou to sacrifice wine. It is known that when Tao Yuan will be fifty-four years old next year, it is known that his twentieth year is the eighteenth year of Taiyuan (393 AD), according to Wu Tingxie's "Chronology of Fangzhen in the Eastern Jin Dynasty"[12], the then Jiangzhou Assassin History was Wang Ningzhi, the second son of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi. The Biography of Wang Xi of the Book of Jin Yun: "Wang's world affair Zhang Clan Wudou Rice Dao, Condensed Mi Du." [13] Wang Ningzhi was a "Mi Du" Wudou Mi Dao disciple. At that time, the history of Jiangzhou was Wang Ningzhi, so Tao Yuanming's position as offering wine in Wang Ningzhi's state could be broken. At this point, we can understand that Tao Yuanming's "I can't bend my waist for wudou rice" yunyun in the "Jinshu Tao Qian biography" refers not to the traditional and popular Fenglu theory, but to tao Yuanming's inability to bend his waist to a wudou rice Daoist like Wang Ningzhi. However, some commentators believe that the Book of Jin was written by the Tang Dynasty, and the material came from Xiao Tong's "Tao Yuanming Biography" and was changed, and xiao's "Biography" should prevail. According to the difference between the two "biographies", Wei Xiao's "biography" has the sentence "Relieved of his post on the same day and given "Return to come" behind the cloud cloud of "How can he bend his waist for five buckets of rice", and the commentators believe that Tao Yuanming's words at that time were not pengze county orders for the sake of serving the jiangzhou sacrifice. In fact, Xiao Tong's "Biography of Tao Yuanming" is quite wrong. According to Tao Yuanming's resignation from Pengze County, the incident was in the first year of Yixi, and the reason was that his sister died of illness in Wuchang, and for this, the preface to his "Return to Xi Ci" clearly recorded: "The sister of the Xuncheng clan died in Wuchang, and she was in Love with Junben, and she was dismissed from her post. Mid-autumn to winter, in the official eighty days. This is evidenced by this.

As can be seen from the above, Tao Yuanming resigned twice in his lifetime, one was for the eighteenth year of Taiyuan's Cijiangzhou sacrifice, because he did not want to bend over to Wang Ningzhi as a Wudou rice Daoist disciple, and the other was the ci Peng Zeling in the first year of Yixi, because "Cheng's sister died in Wuchang". The former, on the other hand, is extremely in line with the "Book of Song" of "not being able to serve as an official, having a few days, and self-dissolution". It was precisely because Tao Yuanming did not want to be with Wang Ningzhi, a disciple of the Wudou Rice Dao, when he was twenty years old, when the "state summoned the lord Bo", he stopped it as "not". For the above historical facts, Lu Qinli's "Chronicle of the Lineage" has also been noted, but because of his superstition that Tao Yuanming's life expectancy is sixty-three years old and tied to his twenty-nine years old, there is a contradiction that cannot be related to the "weak year of the eunuch". With regard to this inevitable and unresolvable contradiction, the "Year of the Lineage" had to be dismissed by way of avoidance. In our view, this move is neither serious nor scientific, and obviously weakens the academic nature of the Year of the Department.

(2) Tao's "Complaint Poem Chu Tune Shows Pang Lord Bo Deng Zhizhong" has a cloud: "Weak crowns are obstructed by the world. Lu Qinli's annotated edition of the Tao Yuanming Collection; "Weak Crown, twenty years old." Every time the world obstructs, that is, the so-called "weak years and family lack" in "Doing with Meetings". In fact, this kind of annotation is contrary to the records of the historical records. In the EighteenTh Year of Emperor Xiaowu of the Book of Jin, Tao Yuanming's twenty-year-old Taiyuan has the following records: the Spring Moon Earthquake, the February Earthquake, the June Sixing, Nankang, Lulong Dashui, the Deep Five Zhang, and the July Drought; the Zhai Jianguan Jiannan in March, the Sima Hui Rebellion in July, and the Yang Buddha Rebellion in September. Within a year, two earthquakes, one flood, one drought, three wars, natural disasters and wars plummeted, which is the so-called "obstruction of the world". If Tao Yuanming is twenty years old, such as those who hold the sixty-three-year-old speaker in the ninth year of taiyuan, those who hold fifty-six years old speak in the sixteenth year of Taiyuan, those who hold fifty-two years old speak in the twentieth year of Taiyuan, and those who hold seventy-six-year-old speakers in the first year of Jianwen Emperor Xian'an, the natural disasters and wars in these years are far from being comparable to those in the eighteenth year of Taiyuan. According to the "Book of Jin, Jianwen Emperor Ji" and "Xiaowu Emperor's Chronicle", there were neither natural disasters nor wars in the first year of Xian'an; there were two wars and no natural disasters in the ninth year of the Taiyuan Dynasty; and there was no natural disasters once in the sixteenth year of the Taiyuan Dynasty. Natural disasters and wars in the 20th century of the Taiyuan Dynasty were only carried out once each. Comparing the two, it can be seen that the meaning of "every world obstruction" is not the eighteenth year of the Taiyuan Dynasty. Or some commentators have based on the poem's "Tie the hair and think of good deeds, and the six or nine years of forgiveness" in the poem, believing that Tao Yuanming has "clearly stated that he was 54 years old at the time" in the poem, but that the poem is not Tao Yuanming's masterpiece, and an can be used to confirm that Tao Yuanming's age is fifty-four years old? Not in this way. This is because, in the poem, "Blasphemy."

Six or nine years", a book "Cover up for fifty years", if the latter is used, it is not written in Tao Yuanming's fifty-four years of age. Otherwise, it is necessary to use solid and reliable evidence to prove that "fifty years of blasphemy" is wrong. In fact, it is very difficult to achieve this, so we believe that Mr. Lu Kanru said it well in the article "Tao Gongsheng Annual Examination": "All numbers are not eligible to testify until it is possible to determine which of these different texts is right or wrong." [14] Therefore, when we re-examine Tao Yuanming's old age, we do not take any of the different texts in Tao's collection, such as "Forty Years of Death" (1 work, 49 years of Death out of The Year of Death), "Fire in the Month of June of the Year of Peng Wu" ("Peng Wu" is a work of "Peng Shen"), "Fifty Days of the Beginning of the Year" (a work of "Five Days of the Beginning of the Year"), and "The Fifth Day of the First Month of the First Month" ("Yi Ugly" is "Xin Ugly", also known as "Xin You" and "Xin Hai"). Because only in this way can we avoid the emergence of unprovoked "lawsuits" and force us to re-examine Tao Yuanming's longevity from a new perspective and material.

(3) The tenth cloud of the "Miscellaneous Poems": "The expulsion does not stop, and Xuan Pei dies on the East Cliff." ...... After ten years of experience, he was temporarily detained by people. Ting Yu Mu, suddenly the sun and the moon lost. The first two sentences of the poem refer to the fact that Tao Yuanming began to travel to the "southeast corner" in the twentieth year of the First Century, and the "Ten Years" was the first year of Yixi, who resigned Peng Zeling. During this decade, Tao Yuanming roamed from the southeast to to take the name of merit, and then to serve in Jingzhou, starting as the Zhenjun, General Jianwei and Peng Zeling, all of whom were away from home and surrounded by people, so Yun was "temporarily detained by people". According to the "Tao Yuanming Collection" of the Annotated Edition of the School of Arrest Qinli, the "Exorcism" Cloud: "Dispatch to the Service." It is also believed that "no suspension of expulsion" refers to Tao Yuanming," who was already serving in Kyoto at that time, and in the third year of Long'an (399 AD) in the "Year of the Lineage": "It was the year that Huan Xuan was an official. In the following year, long'an four years old: "It was the year when the official envoys envoyed the capital, and there were two songs, "In the middle of the fifth month of the Gengzi year, the wind was still blocked from the forest". Shi Yun: 'Since ancient times, I have known it from now on. 'Knowing that this time in the capital, it is an official affair, not a private matter. The reason why the arrest article made such a conclusion is because it is because it is interpreted as "service" as "forced service", that is, "official envoy". According to the "service" in these two poems, both refer to the service, that is, "the matter of traveling" rather than "official envoy". Kao Cao Zhi's "Love Poems" has clouds: "You can't return to the soldiers." "It is a clear proof that "service" is not a patent for "official envoys". "The Year of the Department" in Long'an for four years and clouds again:

And Shiyun: "Born of long-term love." "Knowing that Tao Shixuan is an official, it is not from the beginning of this year, if it is from the beginning of the Year of Ling, until May, it is not allowed to travel for a long time." According to the Book of Jin and the Biography of Huan Xuan, Xuan "repeatedly begged for Favor with Sun, but did not allow it." En forced the Jingshi, Fu Shang Shu asked for it, Hui En had gone" Yunyun, according to the "Annals of Emperor An", Sun En fell into the Huiji, in November of the previous year (399 AD), to Dantu approached the JingShi, in June of the next year (401 AD), then Tao Zhi was encumbered as Xuan's first Shangshu Dang in this year (400 AD), and his shi was in Xuan, when it was in the same year.

According to huan xuan's history of leading jing and jiang erzhou, according to the "Book of Jin" and other materials, the governor was in December of the third year of Long'an (399 AD), and the two poems "In the middle of the may of the gengzi year, the wind was still blocked from the capital to the forest" show that Tao Yuanming's trip to the capital must be before the fourth year of Long'an, that is, the may of the "gengzi year". Tao Yuanming was a "Huanxuan official", that is, long'an counted in December of the third year of Huanxuan as the thorn of Jing and Jiang'erzhou, and it was actually less than half a year in May of the following year, which was also inconsistent with "born of long-term love". One or the other. Second, "Gengzi Years and May From the Capital still blocking the wind in the forest" two songs and one cloud: "A xin serves a gentle face, and then I like to see friends." The second cloud: "Born of long-term love, how to drown in the here." All the people in the discipline were Tao Yuanming's long-term absence and his eagerness to return home and his mood after returning home, how could there ever be a word about "serving as an envoy for Xuan's first time"? It can be seen that qiang, based on the two poems of "Gengzi Still Obstructs the Wind in the Middle of May from the Capital to the Forest", it is unreasonable to believe that Tao Yuanming was in Jingzhou in December of the third year of Long'an. And the time when this poem is tied to the return of "the former family went to Beijing, six years to return", it is inconsistent with the parallel years of YuanMingsheng described in the Tao collection.

According to the investigation of the above three aspects, whether it is the record of Tao Yuanming's career when he was 20 years old in the "Book of Song and Tao Qianbiography", or Tao Yuanming's disclosure and reflection of his actions when he was 20 years old in the poem, there is no contradiction with the historical facts contained in the historical records, so it is possible to break when he was born in 374 AD and died at the age of 54.

exegesis:

[1] See "The Problems in Tao Yuan's Genealogy next year", in Zhu Ziqing's Complete Works of Literature and History, Jiangsu Education Publishing House, 1988

Year Edition.

[2] Liang Qichao's "Tao Yuan Next Year's Genealogy", published in the Annals Series "Tao Yuan Next Year's Spectrum", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1986 edition.

[3] Lu Kanru and Feng Yuanjun, History of Chinese Poetry, Writers Publishing House, 1956.

[4] Zhang Lingyin, "Wu Spectrum Dialectics", in the annals series "Tao Yuan Next Year's Spectrum", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1986 edition.

[5] Reprinted in New China, Vol. VI, No. 3.

[6] Gu Zhi's "Tao Jing Festival Chronology", containing the annals series "Tao Yuan Next Year's Genealogy", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1986 edition.

[7] In Lingnan Journal, Vol. 6, Vol. 1.

[8] The Year of Tao Yuanming's Poetry and Deeds, Appendix to Tao Yuanming's Collected Works ( Notes on the Arrest of Qinli), Zhonghua Bookstore, 1979 edition.

[9] Shen Yue's Book of Song, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1963.

[10] Yan Yanzhi's Tao ZhengshiYi, yan Kejun's "Six Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms of the Qin and Han Dynasties of the Three Dynasties of the Three Dynasties of the Ancients", Zhonghua Bookstore, 1958

Photocopy of the year.

[11] Xiao Tong's Biography of Tao Yuanming, in Compilation of Tao Yuanming's Research Materials, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1962.

[11] Lu Kanru's "Tao Gongsheng Annual Examination", published in the first episode of the "Guoxue Monthly Bulletin"

[12] Diệm Ting-sup, Chronology of Fangzhen In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1980.

[13] Fang Xuanling et al., Book of Jin, Zhonghua Bookstore, 1974.

This article was originally published in the Journal of Southwest University for Nationalities, No. 4, 1993, and also published in Jilin Literature and History Publishing House, Chapter 5, Section 1, Section 1, pp. 144-152