The Autumn Harvest Uprising was one of the three major uprisings of our Party, and Lu Deming, a senior student at the Whampoa Military Academy, served as the commander-in-chief of the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
During the fierce battle, Lu Deming unfortunately fell into the flames and smoke in order to rescue his comrades-in-arms and cover Mao Zedong's transfer, ending his 22-year-old life.
After Mao Zedong lost his revolutionary comrade-in-arms Lu Deming, he cried bitterly: Give me three divisions and don't change them!
From this point of view, our article today, Lu Deming's ambition is not rewarded, the top military genius of the big era, fell on the road to victory.
And all this, starting from June 9, 1905, Lu Deming was born in Zhongquan Town, Zhuyuan Village and Lion Bay in the Artesian Well District of Sichuan. To this day, the former residence of the hero has been preserved, which is a typical green tile building in southern Sichuan.
The father's name is Lu Anbing, who saved money and sent his children to school, and originally only hoped that the children would learn some cultural knowledge from Mr. Private School, and later help themselves to do salt business, play beads, keep accounts and so on.
However, Lu Deming showed an amazing talent in the private school, strong learning ability, and active learning, serious and hard work, positive and upward, after three years, he could quote the scriptures and answer with Mr. Private School.
When Lu Deming was 14 years old, he was admitted to the Baihua Higher Primary School with excellent results, and the father of the family was very happy, thinking that the child had a career and regarded it as the pride of the family.
The father's popularity is particularly good, and the relatives and neighbors around him lend money to the children to pay tuition, hoping that the son will become a dragon and shine in the courtyard!
Lu Deming showed a strong side since childhood, the school is thirty-five kilometers away from home, in order to save a car money, he left from the morning to walk to school.
In this difficult situation, Lu Deming pays more attention to the opportunity to learn, because he does not know whether he will have money to continue studying next semester, so the time on campus is precious every second.
It is not difficult to imagine that Lu Deming's results are very good, and every time he takes an exam in school, he will inevitably be at the top.
More importantly, Lu Deming's personal qualities are noble, according to the locals' recollections, Lu Deming has been helpful since he was a child, taking the initiative to help people with disabilities, and carrying water and chopping wood for others as soon as he has time.
This kind of character not only won the favor of Lu Deming's relatives and neighbors, but also laid the foundation for his future military school career, revolutionary faith, and ...
When Lu Deming was 16 years old, with the top three results in the school, he was admitted from the county to the province and entered the Chengdu Public School.
It was also during this student career in the provincial capital that Lu Deming came into contact with the revolutionary ideas of the Communist Party and began to think about how this poor and weak country and nation could achieve prosperity and strength.
Whether it is Lu Deming's generation or our generation today, if the country is repeatedly bullied by the great powers, young people will inevitably be indignant and think about where the country's way out is.
Lu Deming believed that only communism could save China, so he became a progressive youth in school. When he first started, he liked to read Communist Party books and periodicals, and as he read them, he realized that only a strong military force could protect the land under his feet.
So Lu Deming began to read military books, just the school has a lot of books, so from the Spring and Autumn Warring States to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, all kinds of military books and tactics have become pillows, and the more you look at it, the more you like it, and the more you read, the more obsessed you are.
When Lu Deming was 19 years old, he saw the news that the "Whampoa Military Academy" was enrolling students from the newspaper, and he could no longer hold back his inner dream of joining the army and vowed to strengthen the army to save the country.
However, the father of the family is thinking about his son Lu Deming, what kind of official he will do and what kind of industry he will do after he has succeeded in his studies in the future, and he is looking forward to the future.
As a result, the father suddenly learned that his son wanted to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy, and he categorically refused to do so, because from the perspective of Guangzong Yaozu, where is the military comparable to engaging in politics and business?
Lu Deming wanted to explain why he abandoned his pen and from the perspective of national righteousness, hoping that his father could understand his ideals.
The more my father listened, the more angry he became, so he said: "You are still a good student to study and run for the future, even if you go home to be a teaching gentleman in the future, you are not allowed to touch the gun and make a cannon. Not allowed to go! ”
At that time, there were bandits in Sichuan, so my mother had been kidnapped; and here in Sichuan, warlords were everywhere, and the fight was inseparable, so my father was in the salt business and was levied a heavy and harsh tax.
The young Lu Deming, after all kinds of explanations, believes that only soldiers can make the country stable, end the warlord melee, and calm the bandits in an unstable state, and people should live not only for themselves, but also have more noble feelings.
Lu Deming went to find the nearby squire Li Mingzhong, Li Mingzhong was knowledgeable, and after chatting for more than half an hour, he thought that Lu Deming, a young man, would become a great instrument in the future, so this squire went to do the ideological work of Lu Deming's father.
The father could not stop him when he saw it, so he agreed to his son's idea of entering the military school. Lu Deming then set off, from his hometown to Yibin, where there were classmates who had already made an appointment, and then went down the river to Chongqing, where there was Li Xiaoting, the elder of the League.
Sichuan is too far away from Huangpu, and they hope that Li Xiaoting will write a letter of introduction, so that he and others will not be able to catch up with the time to apply for the examination. Li Xiaoting immediately wrote a note asking the group of teenagers to take the letter of introduction and go straight to Guangzhou to find Sun Yat-sen.
(Liao Zhongkai and Sun Yat-sen)
When Sun Yat-sen and Liao Zhongkai were still alive, in the period of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists, and the revolutionary vitality was in Huangpu, this military academy gathered the world's talents.
Today, whenever we talk about the Whampoa Military Academy, some people will say: This military school is a crash course, cannot learn real skills, and is a teacher on the battlefield.
In fact, many people overlook one thing, that is, the new and old ideas of the Republic of China are intertwined, and the new youth with new ideas in the world follow the revolutionary spirit of Sun Yat-sen, so they gather at the Whampoa Military Academy, and the world's heroes are in Huangpu. This is incomparable to other military academies.
Lu Deming entered the school for an interview, naturally to find Sun Yat-sen, Sun Yat-sen sent these young people to the military academy, after a strict selection and assessment, Lu Deming entered Huangpu with excellent results and became a student of the second phase of the school.
Lu Deming is helpful, hard-working, intelligent... Therefore, it quickly attracted the attention of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, who believed that this young man had a bright future in the future.
Among the many military subjects, Lu Deming quickly ranked among the best, and he was clear-lipped, eloquent, and became a well-known figure in the school.
Among the Whampoa Military Academies, the most prestigious was Sun Yat-sen, and after Sun Yat-sen's death, Liao Zhongkai raised the banner. Or in the early days of the Kuomintang, after sun Yat-sen's death, Liao Zhongkai took on three major policies.
The history here is more complicated, in simple terms, there are two major assassination cases in the Republic of China, which directly changed history, namely the Assassination of the Song Dynasty and the Assassination of Liao.
The Kuomintang has leftists and rightists, the leftists are pro-Communist, and the rightists are anti-communist.
Liao Zhongkai was the leader of the left, and after his murder on August 20, 1925, he directly changed the history of China, and the Kuomintang went to the road of no return of "dividing the Communists" and "Qing Communists".
The only thing known about who the murderer was is that Chiang Kai-shek benefited the most from the assassination, and he later asked Dai to deliberately destroy the evidence of the case. Another point is that when someone advised Soong Mei-ling not to marry Chiang Kai-shek, he clearly said that both the assassination case and the thorn Song case were related to Chiang Kai-shek, and this person was fierce and fierce...
But all of the above is off-topic. In short, the killing of the founder of the Whampoa Military Academy is equivalent to the tragic death of the spiritual leader on the street, so the students in the military academy are excited.
When Lu Deming took the stage to give a speech and talked about Liao Zhongkai, his voice was full of sorrow and anger, and he said that tears were spilled on the spot when he was excited. The consequence of this incident is that the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began to break down, and naturally the internal division of the military academy began to split.
Lu Deming had already joined the Communist Party, graduated on September 6, 1925, and then stayed in school as an organization section member of the Political Department.
What followed was the Northern Expedition War, which meant to fight against the Beiyang warlords and achieve the reunification of the whole country, and in the Northern Expedition War, the best performers were the Iron Fourth Army and the Steel Seventh Army.
The Ye Ting Independent Regiment in the Tie Fourth Army was famous all over the world, and Lu Deming was ordered by Zhou Enlai to serve as the company commander of the 2nd Battalion and the 4th Company of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment.
Lu Deming first led the troops to carry out a peasant movement near Guangdong to propagate the revolutionary ideas of the Communist Party. After the Northern Expedition began, Lu Deming followed Ye Ting's southern expedition to the northern war, and was invincible!
At the Battle of Youxian on June 2, 1926, Lu Deming was originally ordered to build fortifications, reorganize troops, and treat the wounded.
However, Lu Deming suddenly found the fighter plane and immediately led the fighters to pursue the enemy, and won a great victory in the first battle to conquer Youxian County, showing a keen sense of battlefield smell.
After the battle, Ye Ting gave a thumbs up, thinking that Lu Deming had a good command, he said: "The battle achievements are obtained by everyone's hard work, and every battle we fight is thanks to you." For example, in the occupation of Youxian County, Lu Deming, the commander of the 4th Company, was directing me, not me commanding him. ”
The sound of the Northern Expedition Iron Fourth Army shook the whole country, and Lu Deming in this unit, whenever there was a big battle, could keenly detect the enemy's weaknesses, like a sharp knife that came and went without a trace.
The Battle of Liling, the Battle of Pingjiang, the Battle of Hesheng Bridge, the Battle of Tingsi Bridge... Lu Deming fought more and more mightily, and with wisdom and courage, he split the enemy's arteries, especially the two battles behind him, known in history as the Battle of the Two Bridges.
Therefore, Lu Deming was soon promoted to battalion commander of the second battalion, and soon became the battalion commander of the main battalion of the first battalion. As Sun Yat-sen predicted, Lu Deming's future is immeasurable! Truly excellent commanders can only be tested through actual combat.
After conquering Wuchang, Lu Deming was promoted to regimental chief of staff! In June 1927, Wuchang wanted to set up a guard regiment, with Lu Deming as its leader.
The split between the Kuomintang and the Communists had intensified, and the right wing of the Kuomintang wantonly killed Communists, such as Lu Deming, who was in Wuhan during the "Ma-Ri Incident" in Hunan, and was ordered to protect the revolutionary comrades who had been transferred from Hunan to Wuhan.
Lu Deming arranged for Wan Xixian, He Tingying, He Changgong and others to enter the guard regiment he was in. This is a two-pronged affair, which not only protects the outstanding cadres of the Party, but also allows these people to strengthen their leadership over the Guard Corps.
After the trumpet of the August 1 nanchang uprising sounded, Lu Deming received two orders at the same time at one o'clock in the morning of the same day.
The first order was naturally sent by our Party, which asked Lu Deming to immediately go to Nanchang and participate in the Nanchang Uprising.
The second transfer order was sent by Zhang Fakui to let Lu Deming's tax police regiment go to Jiujiang overnight to stand by.
(Zhang Fakui)
The regiment's regimental commander Lu Deming, chief of staff Han Jun, and instructor Xin Huanwen naturally chose to go to Nanchang to respond to the trumpet of the August 1st uprising, rather than obeyIng Zhang Fakui's orders.
The key is how to get to Nanchang? If you take the water route directly, you will not plunge headlong into the Jiujiang River, and the troops will inevitably be controlled by Zhang Fakui; if you take the land route, you will be too far to go to Nanchang on foot, and you will not be able to catch up at all.
The three looked at the transfer order sent by Zhang Fakui, first took a boat and pretended to go to Jiujiang, and then landed after arriving in Huangshi, taking Dou Jiapo and running to Nanchang.
At dusk the next day, the guard regiment, together with many teachers and students of the military academy, boarded a ship from Wuhan and rushed to Huangshi overnight, and then according to the predetermined plan, at the Wuwang Temple, by land and water. After the rapid march, go straight to Nanchang!
Zhang Fakui's troops were waiting in Jiujiang, they were already ready, as long as the guard regiment arrived, they immediately disarmed them, but they did not know that Lu Deming had already led the troops and disembarked early to Nanchang.
However, the plan could not catch up with the changes, and Lu Deming and their rapid march for seven days and seven nights arrived at Fengxin, Jiangxi, but they learned that the Bayi rebel army had marched south.
Under these circumstances, the guard regiment naturally could not catch up with the rebel army, so After consultation with the comrades, Lu Deming resolutely abandoned the original plan.
Just at this time, the party organization in Hunan sent people to contact, and it was an old acquaintance Xia Xi.
Lu Deming only knew that since the Nanchang uprising in the past few days, the troops have suffered serious casualties and urgently need experienced military cadres to command the battle.
Since the regimental commander, political commissar, and regimental staff officer were leaving, the large troops naturally could not keep up, so Lu Deming made arrangements and instead had the battalion commander of the first battalion command the troops and went to the place where the three provinces of Hunan, Hubei, and Jiangxi met to stand by.
Before leaving, Lu Deming explained: "We are walking for the sake of the revolution and obeying the needs of the revolution. We must unite as one, work together against the enemy, and preserve this contingent well; we can only grow, not weaken; this is the basic force of the revolution, and we must always heed the party's call. ”
The most ideal location is naturally the county seat of Xiushui County, and after the guard regiment set out, it encountered the Pingjiang rebels, and the troops grew again.
The workers' and peasants' rebel army in Liuyang also happened to encounter this unit, so that the number of personnel was further increased, so it was expanded into the provisional 1st Division of the Jiangxi Provincial Defense Army.
What was exciting was that the troops had expanded all the way, like iron absorbing stones, and when they reached Xiushui County, they had already expanded fourfold!
Moreover, Lu Deming and them, Light Car Jane went to find the Nanchang rebels from the fire, but when they were on the road, they again received orders from the party organization, asking them to return to the Provisional First Division to participate in the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
That is to say, Lu Deming turned to Xiushui County halfway through the road, and when they returned, they brought six young military talents with them, and they also received three thousand silver dollars from the party organization.
This time and time we say it is very simple, but in fact, the Kuomintang village and one checkpoint, Lu Deming's road, are all walking on the blade, it can be described as full of crises, and there are Kuomintang minions everywhere.
The peasant associations in various places played a key role at this time, sending Lu Deming and a total of nine of them to arrive safely in Xiushui County.
Lu Deming returned to the original unit, not looking at it and not knowing that he was shocked at a glance, where it was still a guard regiment, which had changed greatly.
Originally, the troops were highly motivated to fight, and after Lu Deming returned, everyone was more energetic, saying that with Lu Deming's leadership, they would definitely be able to win the battle.
Therefore, the famous autumn harvest uprising in history is about to open a brilliant and splendid chapter... And this is naturally indispensable to the role of Mao Zedong.
At that time, the identity of the great man was the central commissioner, and he came to organize the autumn harvest uprising and hold the place of the battle conference, located in Zhangjiawan in Pingxiang, and formulated a series of battle plans.
At Mao Zedong's suggestion, the troops were incorporated into the First Division of the First Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and the original Guard Regiment Was directly reorganized into the First Regiment of the Division, and the several teams joined on the road were reorganized into the Second and Third Regiments...
In terms of office, Mao Zedong was the secretary of the Committee of Former Enemies, and Lu Deming was the commander-in-chief.
Forgot to say, it was Yu Shandu and others who brought the troops to Xiushui County, and it was they who brought the guard regiment to the current scale, so Yu Shandu served as the division commander.
War!
On September 9, 1927, this day was bound to be famous in history, and the spirited young Mao Zedong and Lu Deming launched the Autumn Harvest Uprising!!
The first regiment personally led by Lu Deming, Lian Zhan Lianjie, fought all the way from Xiushui to the Longmen Factory in Pingjiang, and the troops celebrated the Mid-Autumn Festival in the midst of the red flag display.
However, the problem arose, although the troops expanded rapidly, but when a bandit unit joined the army, the remaining sprinkles were not clearly investigated and included in the troops.
It was precisely at this critical moment that the bandit army suddenly defected; and it was precisely at this critical moment that Lu Deming was fiercely fighting the enemy when he was attacked by this bandit army, so that he was attacked by the enemy in the abdomen and back.
The battle was fought so fiercely that Mao Zedong immediately changed his plans and sent the three regiments of the Autumn Harvest Uprising to Wenjia City in Liuyang.
Lu Deming received the order and immediately went to Liuyang, but Yu Shandu objected, and Lu Deming believed that the troops should obey the orders of their superiors.
On September 19, the main forces of the Autumn Harvest Uprising gathered in Wenjia City.
After dark, Mao Zedong called a meeting of the backbone cadres, he took out the battle map, formulated the battle plan, planned to go to the middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains, and go there to establish a base area, where the time and place were favorable and the revolutionary forces could be developed.
(The middle section of the Luoxiao Mountains, referring to Jinggang Mountain)
Mao Zedong also made an analogy, believing that the revolution must have a base, and if there is no place to stay, it means that people have no ass, there is no place to sit, and people can't always stand, right? If you walk for a long time, your waist and legs will inevitably fall.
Therefore, Mao Zedong believed that the most urgent task at the moment was to establish revolutionary base areas, so that they could recover their vitality later and lead to the final victory.
Lu Deming naturally firmly supported Mao Zedong, believing that this proposition was correct and that the future of the troops would certainly be infinitely bright.
However, Yu Shandu objected, still wanting to attack the big city and quickly win a victory after taking Changsha.
Obviously, most people support Mao Zedong and Lu Deming, because they are now surrounded by enemy soldiers, and if they do not go to Jinggangshan, it is very likely that the entire army will be destroyed. War is not only about killing and wounding the enemy, but also about saving oneself.
It was precisely because Mao Zedong and Lu Deming had one heart that the troops were able to go to Jinggangshan and walk on a correct path.
On September 20th, a red sun rose in the east, and the troops of the autumn harvest uprising were ready to go, and Mao Zedong and Lu Deming began to do pre-war mobilization, and their speeches were very inspiring.
The troops immediately set off, leaving Wenjia City and rushing to the predetermined location... Three days later, the sky was gray and gray, belonging to the darkness before dawn.
The troops reached Xujiakou, Mao Zedong walked in front, and the Third Regiment was in charge of the rear of the palace.
As a result, the Warlords of Jiangxi suddenly came out, and they came from Pingxiang and followed them all the way to Xujiakou.
The third regiment was so heavily encircled that the troops could not react at all, and the regimental commander could not command the soldiers, so that chaos occurred.
Lu Deming heard the sound of gunfire behind him and wanted to go to the rescue, but the comrades around him rushed to persuade him, thinking that there was danger after he went.
(Lu Deming)
Lu Deming believed: First, if this group of enemies is not defeated, the other side will follow and pursue all the way, and Mao Zedong in front of him will definitely be in danger. Second, where is the reason for seeing death and not saving? If they did not go, the Third Regiment was in danger of being completely annihilated.
Lu Deming went with a company, and after a series of bitter battles, fought for more than four hours, which helped the third regiment break through.
However, after the end of the battle, they saw Lu Deming's body, lying in the pool of blood, raising the gun forward, his arms stiff, unwilling to put down... He was already shot and killed, ending his life at the age of twenty-two...
The local farmers wept with tears in their eyes and buried Lu Deming's body under a tea tree in their backyard.
Mao Zedong was shocked to hear the bad news, and his heart was full of grief, and he shouted: "Return me Lu Deming!" Return my commander-in-chief! ”
This is why Mao Zedong said: "Give me three divisions and don't change them!" ”
Regarding the evaluation of characters, He Yingqin of the Kuomintang met Lu Deming in Huangpu, and he said: "This Lu Deming, who has both culture and martial arts, will be a general in the future!" ”
When sun Yat-sen commented on Lu Deming, he said: "The revolution needs a large number of promising young people, and everyone must take Lu Deming as a model." ”
When Ye Ting commented on Lu Deming, he said: "Deming is a pioneer, courageous and strategic, and is really a talent of our army. ”
Mao Zedong praised Lu Deming as an outstanding military commander, and his life was a life of revolution and a life of fighting...
That history is long gone, and Lu Deming has sacrificed 94 years ago. On the road of revolution, guns and bullets are commonplace, and war has become the theme of the times.
Death is a symbol of war, and the heroic children who have not been rewarded with great ambition have soaked this heroic land with boiling hot blood...
At the end of the article, I will briefly talk about Yu Shandu, who fell into the hands of Kuomintang agents in November 1931 when he was in Shanghai and immediately betrayed the revolution.
Chiang Kai-shek gave Yu Shandu an official position as the chief of the major general, and Yu Shandu began to sell large cigarettes because of his extravagance and extravagance, for his own enjoyment.
In the process, Yu Believed that he should share more, which aroused the anger of his accomplices, so that the drug trafficking case was revealed. Chiang Kai-shek personally ordered that Yu Shandu be shot...