She has a Tibetan name: Kelsang Quzhen.
She also has a Han chinese name: Feng Yunxian.
We have very limited information about her today: born in 1909, a native of Hanyuan County, Xikang Province, his father Feng Nanxuan moved to Batang at the end of the Qing Dynasty and married Azong, the daughter of a local Tibetan leader. Mrs. Azun was knowledgeable and came from an aristocratic family, and attached great importance to the basic education of her children. But when she was very young, her father died, she was adopted by Lai Zhizhong, a famous scholar of Xikang, and sent to nanjing Mongolian and Tibetan school to study as an adult, and was supported by her cousin Kelsang Zeren (Wang Tianhua), director of the Tibetan Affairs Department of the Mongolian and Tibetan Committee, to become a famous scholar, social activist, and female journalist in Xikang, and later served as a member of the National Mongolian and Tibetan Committee.
Lai Zhizhong and Kelsang Zeren have such a resume today.
Lai Zhizhong, from 1894 to 1951, a native of Anshun Township, Shimian County, Sichuan Province, han nationality, adviser to the Kuomintang Chuankang Appeasement Office, senator of Xikang Province, member of the Committee of Reclamation of Ningzhi Tun of Xikang Province, major general of Chuankang Border Defense Command, major general of the 24th Army of the National Revolutionary Army stationed in Jingbian Headquarters, director of the Field Grain Department of Xikang Province, and was one of the famous soldiers of Xikang during the Republic of China. Originally from Xingning County, Guangdong Province, during the Qing Dynasty, his ancestors took refuge in the Purple Land of Yuejun Hall in Sichuan (Anshun Township, Shimian County, Sichuan Province) to get rich from mining. His father, Lai Jinxue, was a famous gentry and local tyrant in the Dadu River valley area, and was awarded the official title of "Zheng Wupin Fengzheng Doctor" by the Qing court for his meritorious participation in the suppression of local ethnic minorities. Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Lai family has been armed, controlled local regimental affairs, and monopolized one side, that is, the Yue Clan Hall Tongzhi also obeyed orders. The local Tibetan and Yi toasts are even more afraid of them.
Wang Tianhua, Tibetan, belongs to the dragon, Sichuan Batang people, Xikang power faction figures. In 1932, he was appointed by the Nationalist government as the Kuomintang party commissioner in Xikang, and returned to Batang County to set up the "Xikang Border Defense Army Headquarters" and "Xikang Jian Provincial Committee", which caused uneasiness among other political forces in Kangzang, and was later forced to hand over the army and power of Batang County, fled to Lijiang, Yunnan in 1934, and then contacted kangzang and Chengdu-Chongqing rich merchants, organized kangzang trading companies, and engaged in commercial activities. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, it actively publicized and supported the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and put forward the "Frontier Development Plan."
She had an unhappy marriage before going to Nanjing. That year, she was 18 years old, and the other party was a soldier named Zhou, who was a battalion commander. The two fell in love, and a year later, they had a child named Zhou Bihan (later followed their mother's surname and changed their name to Feng Bihan). After the child was born, the weakness in Zhou Yingchang's personality was exposed, macho, bad temper, and beat her up at every turn. The two could not get by, so they had to divorce. A year later, she went to Nanjing. The year was around 1928.
Wang Tianhua's help to her was obvious, a few years later, she became a female journalist, published a lot of articles in the newspapers and periodicals at that time, Song Meiling became fond of her talent, so she arranged to receive her. Since then, she has become one of the representative figures of the Chinese women's circle in that period. In the spring of 1937, Tibet sent representatives to Nanjing for a meeting, and at the welcome banquet, Li Dan said to Song Meiling: "My student Yang Zhifu is 32 years old this year, a native of Qinghai, proficient in Tibetan, and edited the "Han-Tibetan Dictionary" and "Han-Tibet Small Dictionary" with me, stayed in Tibet for three years, but delayed the matter of marrying his daughter-in-law. Coincidentally, she was also present, so, with the mediation of Song Meiling, she had a second marriage.
Yang Zhifu, 1906-1961, a native of Hongyazigou, Huzhu County, Qinghai Province. In his early years, he attended primary school in his hometown and was admitted to Xining Mengfan Normal School around 1924. He studied hard and achieved excellent results in Chinese and Tibetan, which was appreciated by the principal Zhu Xiu. In 1925, he was introduced by Zhu Xiu to join the Xining Tibetan Language Research Society and continued to study Tibetan. The Xining Tibetan Language Research Society is an academic group initiated by Li Dan, whose purpose is to study tibetan language and communicate Sino-Tibetan culture. At that time, Li Dan was presiding over the compilation of the Tibetan-Chinese Dictionary, and Yang Zhifu soon participated in the compilation of the dictionary and became Li Dan's most powerful assistant.
The Great Dictionary of Tibetan and Chinese is the first Sino-Tibetan bilingual reference book at home and abroad, and each word has Chinese interpretations and Tibetan-Chinese example sentences. The content is very extensive, and all historical places, literature and philosophy, medicine, language, almanac, art, politics and economics, religion, and ancient Tibetan languages are all included. Around 1928, the Dictionary was compiled. Among them, Yang Zhifu, as a scholar and Translator of Chinese and Tibetan, has won the recognition and praise of the academic community for his extraordinary achievements.
With Song Meiling's concern, her marriage to Yang Zhifu was quickly concluded. After the July 7 Incident in 1937, Japan launched a full-scale large-scale invasion of China. At this time, she was no longer satisfied with being a journalist and became the head of the "War Women's Service Corps", because of her childhood experience, she put more love into the rescue of war orphans, the establishment of children's homes, and the establishment of charities. In 1938, on the eve of the fall of Nanjing, she and her husband Yang Zhifu led more than 1,000 Orphans from Nanjing to transfer. Subsequently, the couple mobilized all their forces to safely transfer these Nanjing orphans to Chongqing, Chengdu and other places, and then dispersed the children to various schools to study, collecting donations everywhere to provide them with food, clothing, housing, and all expenses. Eventually, they grew up day by day, and later became the pillars of the country.
People can't fully imagine her and her husband moving away with more than 1,000 orphans today, but they can hear the gunshots of the invaders, which have ruined countless lives.
There is such a detail that is very touching: around 1940, her younger brother Lobsang Nyima also joined the army and entered the Army Officer School. On October 8, 1943, Lobsang Nyima graduated, and at a simple graduation meeting held by the classmates, some classmates from the same village said that Xikang was too poor and wanted to return to their hometown to work; some people said that they wanted to go to Tibet and make a bridge between the interior and the frontier. Lobsang Nyima stood up and said passionately: "Students, the War of Resistance Against Japan has reached the most critical stage, and our military academy physiology has become the front line, and 100,000 young people and 100,000 soldiers!" As soon as these words came out, everyone was moved and said that they would pick up the barrel of a gun and serve the country.
That night, her brother Lobsang Nyima wrote to her to express her determination to go to the front line to resist Japan, she had seen it, and her heart could not be calm for a long time, she knew that her brother Lobsang Nyima was the heart of her mother, if on the battlefield... But if no one defends the country like his brother Lobsang Nyima... Therefore, she wrote back to her brother Lobsang Nyima: The rise and fall of the country is the responsibility of The Piaf! Later, his younger brother Lobsang Nyima joined the expeditionary force, and during a battle, he was blown off by a shell and fell into a coma in the rear hospital for several days before waking up. Looking at the awakened Lobsang Nyima, a nurse said: "You have finally come back to life, with more than 20 wounds on your body, you are a hero!" Now the Japanese army is trapped in Nankan, and there is no way to retreat..." Then tears fell. And she, at the moment, is on the way to collect donations for orphans.
Later, Lady Azong received a plaque of "Deep Understanding of Great Righteousness" from one side, and she was deeply saddened, but she wrote to her: Not afraid of hardships and dangers, persist in the War of Resistance! The family, in this way, encouraged and comforted each other, and walked through the hard years that were filled with the smell of gun smoke. In the plaque received by my aunt, her younger brother Lobsang Nyima became the hero's Tibetan platoon leader, and her deeds were widely circulated, but she seemed somewhat "obscure".
Beginning in 1937, she and Yang Zhifu married for ten years, gathering less and leaving more, in addition to founding a children's home, collecting donations everywhere, and the two focused on Tibetan studies and teaching at the same time. In 1947, Yang Zhifu became the head of the Border Language Department of Lanzhou University, and she came to the northwest with her husband and founded the National Yushu School with the help of Song Meiling. On the eve of the liberation of the whole country, she and her eldest son were transferred to Taiwan, and Yang's safety became her constant concern. So, she crossed the strait and prepared to travel from western Sichuan to Qinghai to find her husband. In 1950, however, she was arrested and imprisoned in Chengdu, where she was not granted amnesty until 1978. By this time, she was 69 years old and had hurried to Qinghai, but her husband had died in 1961, a full 17 years after 1978.
She had a son with her husband, named Yang Antang, who was a child at the time of liberation and later settled in Xining, Qinghai Province. In 2001, at the age of 93, she died of illness in Xining. Before her death, she handed over the fragments of the "Diary of Entering Tibet" written by her husband when he entered Tibet in 1934 to the public... Today, although we can't find more written information about her, but just because she and her husband rescued more than 1,000 Nanjing orphans in 1938, we should remember her name - Kelsang Quzhen, or Feng Yunxian. The hero's Tibetan daughter.
This article is based on relevant information, referring to "Tibetan Platoon Leader in the Chinese Expeditionary Force", "Legend: Yang Zhifu and His Beloved Wife Feng Yunxian", "Famous Female Journalist of the Republic of China, Rescued Thousands of Orphans Before the Nanjing Massacre, the Second Marriage Is a Song", etc., the picture comes from the Internet.