Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying were both members of the Early Communist Party of China, and from the period of the Great Revolution to the Period of the War of Liberation, although Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying did not work much together, they both made great contributions to the independent liberation of the Chinese nation and to the victory of the new democratic revolution.
In May 1977, when Deng Xiaoping attended a party to celebrate Ye Jianying's 80th birthday, he affectionately called Ye Jianying "Ye Shuai", and Ye Jianying also said to Deng Xiaoping: "You are also an old marshal, you are the foreman of our old marshals!" ”
The friendship between Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping, based on their belief in communism, was sincere and noble, and could be regarded as a model for the world.
Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > are not acquainted, but they are related everywhere</h1>
On October 17, 1930, Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping and 25 other people were formed into the Military Commission of the Soviet Union, which was the first time that the two worked in the same organization, but although the two worked in the same organization, the number of meetings and chatting was very small, so they did not form a deep friendship.
Ye Jianying's first impression of Deng Xiaoping was from 1933 to 1934, when Deng Xiaoping was in charge of editing the Red Star, the organ of the Political Department of the Red Army, and his articles on it were very in-depth and attracted Ye Jianying's attention.
In October 1934, Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying followed the Red Army's Long March, during which Deng Xiaoping served as secretary general of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Ye Jianying served as commander of the first column of the Central Military Commission.
At the January 1935 Zunyi Conference, Chairman Mao's leadership position in the Red Army was determined, and at this meeting, both Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying supported and supported Chairman Mao's correct leadership.
On July 7, 1937, the "Lugou Bridge" incident, the national War of Resistance was on the verge of breaking out, at this time Deng Xiaoping served as the political commissar of the 129th Division, he and Liu Bocheng together led the 129th Division to fight in the Taihang Mountains, repeatedly smashed the "sweeping" of the Japanese puppet army, and the two even created the Taihang Mountain Anti-Japanese Base Area together.
At this time, Ye Jianying, Together with Zhou Enlai and Zhu De, went to Nanjing to attend the national defense conference convened by Chiang Kai-shek, and the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, with Ye Jianying as chief of staff.
Ye Jianying
In February 1941, Ye Jianying returned to Yan'an and served as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission and chief of staff of the 18th Group Army, becoming Chairman Mao and Zhu De's right-hand man in commanding the nationwide War of Resistance Behind Enemy Lines. In 1945, the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China was officially convened, and Both Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping attended the meeting, and the two were elected as members of the Central Committee together.
During the Liberation War, deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying both made outstanding contributions to the liberation war. At that time, Deng Xiaoping held the posts of political commissar of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Military Region, and together with Liu Bocheng, he and Liu Bocheng forcibly crossed the Yellow River and leaped into the Dabie Mountains, opening the prelude to the nationwide strategic offensive of the People's Liberation War.
In the stage of strategic decisive battles, Deng Xiaoping served as the secretary of the General Front Committee of the Central Plains Field Army and the East China Field Army, and led famous battles such as the Huaihai Campaign and the Battle of Crossing the River, liberating Nanjing, Shanghai and other cities, and then leading his troops to advance to the southwest and peacefully liberate Tibet.
So what was Ye Jianying doing at this time? He served as secretary of the Rear Area Committee of the CPC Central Committee, effectively organized reconnaissance, intelligence, and other work, and made outstanding contributions to ensuring that Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and other central leaders moved to northern Shaanxi and commanded the national liberation war.
After the liberation of Beiping, Ye Jianying took charge of Beiping and led all aspects of Beiping's work.
Deng Xiaoping
In February 1949, Deng Xiaoping became the political commissar of the Second Field Army, and in August of the same year, Ye Jianying was transferred to the South China Branch of the CPC Central Committee as the first secretary.
In September, Ye Jianying presided over an enlarged meeting of the South China Branch of the CPC Central Committee in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, at which Ye Jianying deployed the campaign to liberate Guangzhou, and decided that 220,000 soldiers, including the Fourth Corps of the Second Field Army, would set off in three directions in the direction of Guangzhou.
Under the command of Ye Jianying and the efforts of Deng Xiaoping and other comrades, the Guangdong campaign achieved a complete success.
In April 1950, Ye Jianying participated in the organization of the Battle of Hainan Island, and successfully liberated Hainan Island in May.
In the early period of national liberation, Deng Xiaoping served as vice chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, while Ye Jianying served as chairman of the People's Government of Guangdong Province, leading the struggle against bandits in south china and central and southern China, and they all contributed to the construction of new China.
Although the direction of ye jianying and deng xiaoping's efforts is different, they both have a common purpose, that is, to fight for the liberation of the whole country.
In July 1952, Deng Xiaoping went to Beijing to work, and In October of the following year, Ye Jianying also came to Beijing, and although the two were in Beijing, their locations were different.
Deng Xiaoping participated in the leadership work of the Central Committee and was always in the front line to assist the party chairman and vice chairman in handling the daily work of the central committee; Ye Jianying participated in the work of the Central Military Commission, devoted himself to the modernization of national defense, and presided over the military training of the whole army.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="98" > Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping, who care about each other all the time</h1>
Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping's relationship became better and better after October 1969, and their friendship was formed during this period. At that time, Deng Xiaoping was sent to work in Nanchang, Jiangxi, and soon after Wang Zhen also came to Nanchang, while Ye Jianying went to Changsha, although the two were not in the same place, they still missed each other a lot.
Deng Xiaoping and Wang Zhen missed Ye Jianying very much, so Wang Zhen decided to travel from Nanchang to Changsha to see Ye Jianying. After Wang Zhen and Ye Jianying met, both of them were more excited, they held each other's hands tightly, and Wang Zhen even told Ye Jianying that he missed him.
When Ye Jianying saw Wang Zhen's first face, he asked Deng Xiaoping: "Is Comrade Xiaoping's health good?" How was his life? Is there a family member around to take care of it? ”
Wang
Wang Zhen answered one by one according to Ye Jianying's questions, and after Ye Jianying learned the news that Deng Xiaoping's health was not too good now, he immediately said: "My health is not bad, you hurry back to take care of Comrade Xiaoping!" ”
Wang Zhen nodded, saying that he would go back immediately after eating with Ye Jianying, during which Wang Zhen found his old subordinates in Changsha and told him to take good care of Ye Jianying and improve Ye Jianying's three meals, and then hurried back to Nanchang.
After Wang Zhen returned to Nanchang, Deng Xiaoping pulled him to ask Ye Jianying how his life was, and after learning that Ye Jianying's situation was not too good, Deng Xiaoping's brow frowned tightly.
In 1971, Ye Jianying presided over the work of the Central Military Commission, and everyone knew that the work of the Central Military Commission was still relatively busy, so after he took office, he proposed to Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai that Deng Xiaoping help him and share the pressure on himself.
Finally, under the continuous efforts of Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping finally returned to Beijing from Jiangxi, and Ye Shuai was happy like a child when he heard the news, and he immediately prepared to visit Deng Xiaoping and help him solve his problems in life.
At the same time, Ye Jianying also briefed Deng Xiaoping on the situation of the army and solicited his opinions on the preparatory work for the enlarged meeting of the Central Military Commission. In order to strengthen the leadership of the Central Military Commission, Ye Jianying personally wrote to Chairman Mao, suggesting that Comrade Deng Xiaoping should participate in and preside over the daily work of the Central Military Commission.
After reading the letter, Chairman Mao consulted with Zhou Enlai and finally decided to let Deng Xiaoping assume the post of vice premier of the State Council and participate in the work of the Politburo and the Central Military Commission.
Chairman Mao
On December 12, 1973, Chairman Mao personally presided over and convened a meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee, at which he put forward a proposal for the commanders of the major military regions to reconcile with each other. Chairman Mao said: "Comrade Ye Jianying and I asked Comrade Deng Xiaoping to join the Central Military Commission and serve as a committee member. ”
After that, Chairman Mao asked Ye Jianying to summon the commanders and political commissars of the major military regions to join the deliberative army and be responsible for organizing this work.
On December 15, Chairman Mao once again talked with relevant comrades of the Politburo and the responsible persons of several large military regions, during which Chairman Mao introduced Deng Xiaoping to everyone: "We have invited a chief of the general staff. ”
On December 22, the Central Military Commission officially issued an order to transfer the commanders of several major military regions. After summoning these commanders to a meeting to announce the decision of the Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, Chairman Mao pointed at Deng Xiaoping and said: "Deng Xiaoping is our military division, and now we will issue a notice to serve as a political commissar and a member of the Central Military Commission." ”
After listening to Chairman Mao's words, the old comrades who were present were all ecstatic about inviting Deng Xiaoping back to serve as chief of the general staff, but among so many people, the happiest was Ye Jianying.
Ye Jianying was well aware of Deng Xiaoping's heavy responsibilities, so after the meeting, he came to Deng Xiaoping's home specifically to discuss major military aircraft matters, study measures for strengthening the army's revolutionization and modernization, and organize leaders and organ personnel of the headquarters to report to him on the work of the Central Military Commission and the situation of the troops.
Since then, Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying have begun to fight together again.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="99" > the two jointly commanded the Xisha self-defense counterattack and won the victory</h1>
In early January 1974, when the commanders of the Eight Military Regions had just been transferred and Chairman Mao and others were concentrating on the security of the northern frontier, the disturbing news of the southern maritime frontier came one after another.
The South Vietnamese authorities have successively sent troops to occupy several islands in China's Paracel Islands, which have been under the leadership of our country since ancient times, and our Government is also reiterating this position. Who would have thought that starting in 1974, South Vietnam would intensify its efforts and repeatedly send warships to invade the Paracel Vinh Lok Islands.
In response to this phenomenon, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement reiterating China's territorial sovereignty and principled position on the Nansha and Xisha in the South China Sea.
Ye Jianying, who presided over the day-to-day work of the Central Military Commission, and Deng Xiaoping, who had just joined the work of the Central Military Commission, paid close attention to this issue, and they firmly stated: "If the South Vietnamese authorities continue to advance in disregard of our country's statements and warnings, then our country will launch an armed offensive!" ”
On January 17, Ye Jianying and others became more and more impatient with the provocative activities of the South Vietnamese authorities, and then issued instructions to the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army: "The struggle in Xisha is about to begin, everyone must be prepared and ready to fight at any time!" ”
On January 18, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping attended a meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee, at which a five-member group led by Ye Jianying and attended by Wang Hongwen, Deng Xiaoping, and others was proposed to discuss the handling of major issues in the Central Military Commission. When this proposal was presented to Chairman Mao, the chairman proposed to add one to the five people, namely Su Zhenhua, the first political commissar of the Navy.
In the early morning of January 19, the South Vietnamese authorities suddenly sent troops and forcibly boarded the two islands of Chenhang and Guangjin to open fire on china's island-guarding militia and provoke war. After Ye Jianying learned of this incident, he immediately called the commander of the Guangzhou Military Region to understand the situation, and then reported to Zhou Enlai.
Zhou Enlai said to Ye Jianying on the phone: "Now you are in charge, to the General Staff to command the battle!" ”
At seven o'clock in the morning, Ye Jianying came to the combat command room early, and soon Deng Xiaoping and others also arrived one after another. Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping first listened to the report together, and then after discussion, issued one order after another to the front line.
The island-guarding militia fought heroically in a self-defense counterattack, forcing the enemy to retreat. At about 10:00 a.m., the enemy's warships suddenly fired at our ships, and our ships immediately counterattacked when they saw the situation.
Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping kept asking the staff officers about the situation on the front line, and at the same time ordered the participating fleets: "Give me a hard fight!" Resolutely destroy the enemy! Immediately after that, everyone nervously paid attention to the combat situation ahead.
Everyone knows that at that time, China's equipment on the sea surface was not too good, and the ships were much smaller than the enemy's ships, and if our army wanted to win victory, it must rely on the spirit of not being afraid of death and the flexible and mobile tactics.
More than an hour later, a very exciting news came: "Our navy has won the final victory in the battle!" Ye Jianying was very happy after hearing this news, and praised him one after another: "Well played!" Well played! ”
Ye Jianying then ordered the combat troops to immediately organize this battle situation into a briefing and then report to Chairman Mao. After doing this, Ye Jianying consulted with Deng Xiaoping and others and immediately issued an order: "Our warships should be evacuated immediately to prevent the enemy from attacking our army after discovering it." As soon as there is a situation, immediately concentrate and fight the enemy! ”
When the time turned to noon, when the other soldiers were eating and resting, Ye Jianying was still working in the war room, and he kept reading the intelligence draft from the staff officer, and after reading it, he called Zhou Enlai to report to the other side.
That afternoon and evening, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping had been in the command room, and although the battle on the front line had not continued, their hearts had never been able to let go, and they were always afraid that an accident would happen.
That night, after much study, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping decided to take advantage of the victory to recover the three islands occupied by the South Vietnamese authorities. With Chairman Mao's approval, on January 20, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping issued orders to the front-line troops to resolutely retake the three islands.
The front-line troops immediately launched an attack after receiving the order, and after a fierce battle, our army won the final victory and successfully recaptured the three islands. The Yongle Islands of the Paracel Islands have all returned to the embrace of the motherland, and the Xisha self-defense counterattack has also won major victories.
That evening, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping attended a meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee to discuss the Xisha war, and the next day they attended a meeting of the six-member group of the Central Military Commission to continue discussing the Xisha war.
On May 3, 1975, one year after the Xishan Self-Defense Counterattack, Chairman Mao gave important instructions to the Navy: "The Navy must do a good job and make the enemy afraid!" Our current navy is not very good, we must do a good job! ”
On May 23, Chairman Mao gave instructions on Su Zhenhua's report on the development of the Navy: "Agree. Work hard and strive to reach the goal within ten years! ”
On September 3, Liu Bocheng showed Deng Xiaoping the "Return on the Naval Equipment Problem," which Deng Xiaoping attached great importance to, and the next day he approved this report to Su Zhenhua: "Please consider it, I think there are many opinions worthy of attention!" ”
Deng Xiaoping once said in 1974 that the Xisha airport must be built, and the location there is very important, and it can be extended to Nansha to control Nansha. Based on Deng Xiaoping's opinion, Liu Huaqing wrote a proposal, which Deng Xiaoping approved on February 29.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="101" > Ye Jianying died, Deng Xiaoping presided over a memorial service</h1>
In 1974, Chairman Mao proposed that Deng Xiaoping be appointed first vice premier of the State Council, and everyone knew that Premier Zhou Enlai was not in good health at this time, so Chairman Mao decided to let Deng Xiaoping preside over the work of the Central Committee during Zhou Enlai's illness.
On January 5, 1975, Deng Xiaoping was appointed Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission and Chief of the General Staff of the People's Liberation Army, and subsequently vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee and a member of the Politburo Standing Committee.
The Fourth Npc approved the government work report delivered by Zhou Enlai and elected the members of the NPC Standing Committee with Zhu De as chairman and the State Council with Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping as the core.
After the meeting, Zhou Enlai was hospitalized because of his poor health, while Deng Xiaoping, with the support of Chairman Mao, presided over the daily work of the party and government of the Central Committee, and Ye Jianying was appointed minister of national defense to continue to preside over the daily work of the Central Military Commission.
Zhou Enlai
At 9:57 a.m. on January 8, 1976, Premier Zhou Enlai passed away, and the whole of China trembled in cold winds and mourning.
At 3 p.m. on January 15, Zhou Enlai's memorial service was held in the Great Hall of the People, where Deng Xiaoping delivered a eulogy. When Deng Xiaoping delivered the eulogy, his expression was extremely serious, and his voice was also unprecedentedly painful, and this action also infected the broad masses of the people inside and outside the venue.
Ye Jianying stood there, and like the broad masses of the people, he couldn't help but shed tears after hearing Deng Xiaoping's eulogy.
Soon after, Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying did not see each other for a long time, and according to Wang Zhen's recollection, one day he was eating breakfast and preparing to visit Deng Xiaoping, when Deng Xiaoping was walking in the courtyard, and he was very happy to see his figure appear.
Wang Zhen first bowed respectfully to Deng Xiaoping, then asked him how his health and life were. After answering one by one, Deng Xiaoping began to inquire about Ye Jianying: "Ye Shuai, have you been there recently?" ”
Wang Zhen replied, "I have been going a lot lately. After listening to this, Deng Xiaoping pondered for a while and quickly asked, "Where does Ye Shuai live now?" How is his daily living activities arranged? What about his spirit? Is your body okay? ”
This question made Wang Zhen stunned for a moment, and then reacted to answer them one by one. Deng Xiaoping nodded and did not say anything more, and afterwards Wang Zhen learned that Deng Xiaoping did not even call the next day and actually went to see Ye Jianying alone.
This time, Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping met again after many years, and they sat in Ye Jianying's room, holding each other's hands tightly. Deng Xiaoping instructed Ye Jianying to pay more attention to his body and take good care of himself.
Ye Jianying was also very concerned about Deng Xiaoping, who was admitted to the 301 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army because of prostatitis and other diseases. After Ye Jianying knew this, he quickly called the leaders of the hospital, explained that the other party must take good care of Deng Xiaoping, and instructed: "We must cure Comrade Xiaoping's illness!" Must be cured! ”
Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying
In 1976, Ye Jianying attended a meeting of the Politburo, and soon after he wanted to ask Deng Xiaoping to come out to work. So Ye Jianying asked the children to pick up Deng Xiaoping and personally conveyed to him the spirit of the Politburo meeting.
According to Deng Xiaoping's child Mao Mao recalled:
"In order to get my father out to work, Uncle Ye asked his young son to drive himself and take my father to his residence. I was also present at the time, so I remember the incident very clearly, and when Uncle Ye and his father met, the father excitedly called out 'brother', and then the hands of the two clasped tightly together. ”
On May 14, 1977, Ye Jianying ushered in his 80th birthday, and on this day, as long as the generals in Beijing came to Ye Jianying's home to congratulate him. The first to come was Wang Zhen and his wife, followed by Yu Qiuli, Yang Chengwu and so on.
Just as Ye Jianying was chatting with the other generals, Deng Xiaoping and his family also arrived, and as soon as he entered the door, he said, "The old marshals are here!" I also come to congratulate Ye Shuai! ”
When Ye Jianying saw Deng Xiaoping, he rushed up to greet him and said in a loud voice, "You are also an old marshal!" You are the foreman of our old handsome! ”
Several people arrived during the chat, and Deng Xiaoping jokingly said, "Don't let him come in, you can't sit down!" ”
Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying sat down side by side, and everyone sat down, and then they blew candles with their families and children. This time Ye Jianying was celebrating his 80th birthday, so there should be 8 candles on the cake, but what was surprising was that when the cake was served, there were 9 candles on it.
Everyone was puzzled when they saw this, and it was at this time that Deng Xiaoping came out and explained: "Inserting 9 candles is my suggestion, which symbolizes longevity!" ”
Ye Jianying was very happy after hearing this, and then he and everyone blew candles together, and for a while the whole room was radiant, bursting into bursts of laughter and applause.
At the end of 1980, at an important meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee, Ye Jianying once again made a very high appraisal of Deng Xiaoping's meritorious deeds: "In my opinion, Comrade Deng Xiaoping has the talent of an security and a stable country, and he deserves to be the 'military division' of the whole party and the commander of the whole army!" ”
Ye Jianying and Deng Xiaoping not only went hand in hand in their work and actively cooperated, but also cared for each other in their lives and were considerate.
In October 1986, Ye Jianying was seriously ill and bedridden, and his physical condition was not too good, and Deng Xiaoping was very anxious when he learned about it, and immediately went to the hospital to visit.
After Ye Jianying's death on October 22, Deng Xiaoping personally revised the eulogy and presided over Ye Jianying's memorial service.
Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying hugged each other's granddaughter
In the Memorial Hall of Marshal Yanyang Ye Jianying in Meixian County, Guangdong Province, there is a photo of Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying, two elderly people, getting together with their children, and the two of them are still exchanging arms to hold their granddaughters who have just been a few months, which has also left a deep impression on many people.
Deng Xiaoping and Ye Jianying, two old revolutionaries and old comrades-in-arms, cared for each other at all times and deepened their friendship. Yet this decade of exchanges and friendships is only an extension of the fighting friendship they forged during the long revolutionary years.