Compared with Peng Dehuai and Xu Xiangqian, Nie Rongzhen did not have any outstanding achievements, and most of his battle achievements were won on the basis of Lin Biao. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Nie Rongzhen was awarded the rank of "Marshal", ranking ninth in the "Ten Marshals", and today I will talk to you about the story of the founding father.
Why was Nie Rongzhen awarded the title of Marshal
Nie Rongzhen made countless military achievements in his life, never suffered a single injury, was called "Fu Shuai" by Mao Zedong, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as the chairman of national defense science and technology, and was the marshal with the longest life among the ten marshals.
Nie Rongzhen's early life
Born in Jiangjin County, Sichuan in 1899, Nie Rongzhen went to France in 1920 to study for work and study, and joined the Communist Party of China in March 1923. In 1924, he went to the Soviet Union to study at the Eastern University and the Red Army School. After returning to China, he served as a political instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he also served as secretary general of the Central Military Commission and acting chief of the general staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He was awarded the rank of Field Marshal in 1955.
In 1955, he was awarded the Order of ten marshals
In His childhood, Nie Rongzhen's family conditions were very ordinary, and he began to attend private school at the age of six. When Nie Rongzhen was eleven years old, he officially entered the academy. During his time at school, he was diligent and studious, and in 1917 he was admitted to Jiangjin Prefectural High School with excellent results.
During the May Fourth Movement, Nie Rongzhen also joined the student patriotic struggle, was hunted down by reactionaries, and then in order to avoid danger and learn advanced Western culture and technology, in 1919, Nie Rongzhen, who had the great ambition to save the country, went to France alone to study, and actively participated in the student movement in France.
Nie Rongzhen and other members of the party
During his studies in a foreign country, Nie Rongzhen often said to his friends in the same window: "My generation should take serving the country as the foundation and make contributions to the rise of the Chinese nation." Whenever he heard about the major events of the country and the nation, Nie Rongzhen always expressed his feelings, and his thoughts of worrying about the country and the people overflowed into words, often writing his feelings in the book, and his teacher once praised him as "an extraordinary endowment, and it is not a thing in the pool in the end."
In the five years abroad, Nie Rongzhen's thinking has undergone earth-shaking changes, from the original "theory of industrial salvation" to a professional revolutionary who takes the rise and fall of the country as his responsibility.
Nie Rongzhen later transferred to the Communist University of The Eastern Workers in Moscow, and then transferred to the Chinese class of the Soviet Red Army School to study military affairs. In 1925, after receiving orders from the Communist Party of China, he returned to China with his classmates in the same Chinese class, and he belonged to the same batch as Chen Qiaonian in the previous article.
The Northern Expedition broke out
After returning to China, Nie Rongzhen served as a political instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy, responsible for leading the propaganda and organizational work of the Political Department, and teaching courses on the history of social development and political work. On March 20, 1926, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized his army to declare a ban on smoking, cut off communications inside and outside Guangdong, and expelled Communists led by Zhou Enlai, in order to sabotage the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists and seize the leadership of the revolution.
In the face of Chiang Kai-shek's despicable behavior, Nie Rongzhen resolutely advocated a counterattack against Chiang Kai-shek. After the "Zhongshan Incident", Nie Rongzhen resigned from his position as an instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy and was transferred to the Military Department of the CPC Guangdong District Committee as a commissioner. Later, he cooperated with Zhou Enlai to carry out revolutionary work at the Whampoa Military Academy to lay the foundation for the Northern Expedition.
In 1926, the Northern Expedition was successfully launched, and Nie Rongzhen was appointed as a commissioner of the Central Military Commission and secretary of the Military Commission of the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, and later participated in the dispatch of CPC members to the Northern Expeditionary Army in the Military Department of the CPC Central Committee.
Chiang Kai-shek wantonly slaughtered Communists
On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek massacred Chinese Communists to satisfy his ambitions for military dictatorship. Nie Rongzhen received the order and was sent to Shanghai to deal with the aftermath with Zhou Enlai.
In July of the same year, Nie Rongzhen was appointed secretary of the former enemy committee of the Communist Party of China and went to Jiujiang to prepare for the organization of an armed uprising. On August 1, he again participated in leading the Nanchang Uprising, but due to the defeat in the Chaoshan Campaign, Nie Rongzhen moved to Hong Kong.
Nanchang Uprising
In 1928, Nie Rongzhen secretly sneaked back to Guangzhou, serving as the secretary of the Military Commission of the Cpc Guangdong Provincial Committee and the director of the Organization Department of the Shunzhi Provincial Committee of the CPC, and began to lead the Guangzhou Uprising. However, due to the successive setbacks of the rebel army on the battlefield, Nie Rongzhen and Ye Ting decided to retreat decisively after consultation.
After the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising, Nie Rongzhen understood the importance of military and technical personnel when summing up the lessons learned. He pointed out: "In the future, every party member should study military technology and pay attention to cultivating a number of military technical personnel." From this, we can see Nie Rongzhen's outstanding foresight in the military.
In 1931, when he entered the Central Revolutionary Base Area, Nie Rongzhen served as deputy director of the General Political Department of the Red Army and political commissar of the First Red Army, and participated in commanding the Fourth and Fifth Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" and long marches of the Red Army.
Proceeding from the overall situation, we will break through the enemy's five blockade lines
The Long March of the Red Army
In 1934, the Red Army began a twenty-five-thousand-mile long march. Chiang Kai-shek set up four blockade lines on the road of the Red Army's advance. In order to cover the withdrawal of the Central Column and the Central Military Commission column, Nie Rongzhen led his troops to break through the first and second blockade lines of the Kuomintang, and in a critical situation, he vigorously defied the consensus of the people, led his troops to seize Jiufeng Mountain, and broke through the enemy's third blockade line, thus ensuring the safety of the left wing of the central column.
The news of the Red Army's breakthrough of the blockade line reached Chiang Kai-shek's ears and made Chiang Kai-shek restless. Therefore, the warlord troops in Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi were dispatched to pursue and intercept the Red Army. However, due to the contradictions within the Kuomintang and the poor layout, Lin Biao and Nie Rongzhen led their troops to fight the enemy to the death on the banks of the Xiang River. With heavy losses, the Central Red Army finally broke through the enemy's fourth blockade line.
Zunyi Meeting
After the Zunyi Conference, the leadership position of Mao Zedong's military and political thought was established, and the Communist Party of China began to mature. Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, Lin Biao and Nie Rongzhen crossed the Chishui River in four directions and crossed the Jinsha River by chance, completely getting rid of the enemy's heavy troops' encirclement and blockade. Next, Nie Rongzhen and Liu Bocheng, together, led their troops through the Yi area of Daliangshan and organized a commando force to cross the Dadu River.
The victory of the Red Army's Long March completely smashed the sinister attempts of the Kuomintang, turned the Chinese revolution into a safe place, and laid the foundation for the subsequent War of Resistance Against Japan.
Flat type Guan Dajie
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Nie Rongzhen served as deputy division commander and political commissar of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and participated in and commanded the battle of Pingxingguan, the first major victory since the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, breaking the myth of the invincibility of the Japanese army, smashing the "sun-fear disease" of some people in China and the "theory of national subjugation" of the anti-Japanese resistance, and inspiring the confidence of the soldiers of our army in victory.
In 1942, the War of Resistance Against Japan entered its most difficult phase, with a shrinking population and a shortage of weapons. Nie Rongzhen's troops made a dangerous move, put forward the principle of struggle of "advancing behind the enemy's rear," penetrated deep into the enemy's camp, expanded the guerrilla zone, seized the strongholds where the Strength of the Japanese puppet army was weak, and reversed the difficult situation in the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region.
Nie Rongzhen served as commander and political commissar of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region
Nie Rongzhen later served as commander and political commissar of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region, opened up the largest base area of our party behind enemy lines, the Jin-Cha-Ji Anti-Japanese Base Area, and commanded and led the Hundred Regiments War. This campaign brought a major blow to the Japanese army in North China, reduced the pressure of the Japanese army on the Battlefield of the Kuomintang, and enhanced the confidence of the people of the whole country in the victory of the War of Resistance, and was a great battle of national strategic significance.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, some international friends came to visit and inspect the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region. Among them, the most famous are the Canadian doctor Bethune and the Indian doctor Ke Dihua. Nie Rongzhen met these two great internationalist fighters in 1938 and 1940, respectively.
Ke Dihua joined the Communist Party of China in the Jin-Cha-Ji base area. Bethune has always helped the Chinese people to resist the Japanese army and saved countless revolutionary fighters, all of whom have made great contributions to the rise of the Chinese nation, and their lofty image will always live in the hearts of the Chinese people.
Nie Rongzhen
During the Liberation War, Nie Rongzhen also participated in the command of zhengtai, Shijiazhuang and other battles. He also served as the commander of the North China Military Region and participated in the command of the Pingjin Campaign.
In 1955, the Central Committee held a commendation award, and Nie Rongzhen was awarded the rank of marshal. After 1956, he also served as vice premier of the State Council, director of the Science and Technology Commission of the State Council, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, and a member of the 7th to 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and a member of the 8th, 11th and 12th Politburos of the CPC Central Committee.
Nie Rongzhen and "Two Bombs and One Star"
After the founding of New China, everything was wasted to be rebuilt. In order to improve this situation, Nie Rongzhen was appointed vice premier of the State Council and concurrently served as director of the State Science and Technology Commission and director of the National Defense Science and Technology Commission. Responsible for the development of national defense science and technology, especially the "two bombs and one satellite," Nie Rongzhen has made great contributions to this end, and he is the founder and pioneer of the new China's scientific and technological undertakings.
Nie Rongzhen and Mao Zedong discussed two bombs and one satellite
In the 1960s, all walks of life in China had just started, and economic development was very difficult. The Two Parties of China and the Soviet Union were divided in the form of communism, with the CCP advocating being tough on the United States and Khrushchev advocating relaxation of the United States. In the absence of successful negotiations, the Soviet Union unilaterally tore up the treaty, withdrew experts from China, and stopped aiding important graphic materials.
In this context, the national defense cutting-edge project has stagnated and is facing the situation of "dismounting", And Nie Rongzhen has resisted the pressure and resolutely advocated the continued development and research of the "two bombs" project. He put forward the principle of "giving priority to self-reliance and supplementing foreign aid with foreign aid," which has become a basic principle for the development of China's national defense science and technology undertakings.
Two bombs and one satellite were successfully launched
He stressed: The work of scientists is entrusted to scientists, and the affairs of professionals in professional fields are entrusted to professionals, which has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm and potential of the vast number of intellectuals involved in the development of the "two bombs and one satellite," and has enabled China's missiles, atomic bombs, and hydrogen bombs to be successfully tested very quickly.
Mao Zedong and Nie Rongzhen
At the research missile test site, Nie Rongzhen often disregarded his own safety and went to the nuclear test base with his illness and presided over the acceptance on the spot. It was precisely because of Nie Lao's pioneering spirit of not being afraid of sacrifice and daring to make innovations that the two-bomb project was successfully developed, which greatly enhanced China's military strength, began to rank among the world's nuclear powers, and began to move toward "world power."
Strict self-discipline, the model of our party
Throughout his life, Nie Rongzhen has been seeking happiness and a way out for the Chinese people, and he has made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China, national defense science and technology, the army, and the aerospace industry. Throughout his life, he was honest and honest, lived a simple life, never extended his hand to the Party, and always maintained the hard and simple nature of a Communist Party member. From him we can see the fine traditions of the older generation of revolutionaries.
The motherland is getting stronger and stronger
We must learn from Nie Rongzhen's spirit, set strict demands on ourselves, never forget our original intentions, keep our mission in mind, keep the bottom line, resist temptations, and strive to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.