Su Liu Wen Shuzhai (Zhang Qiao) Do not hide the window moon, natural style high. The cool breeze moves crickets, and the leaves are falling away. Pick up the embers of the lamp back, and see the sea waves. Because of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, there are several heroes in the air.
Presumably, everyone knows that Cao Pi and Cao Zhi had an experience of competing for the position of the son of the world. After all, the story of "Seven Steps" is too classic. The degree of authenticity of the "Seven-Step Poem" is not high, and there are many controversies, but the dispute between Cao Pi and Cao Zhi exists. Due to Cao Ang's death in battle, Cao Cao had a preference for Cao Zhi, so Cao Pi and Cao Zhi each established a henchman and engaged in fierce competition. The more famous on Cao Zhi's side are Yang Xiu, Ding Yi, Ding Xi and others, and there are so-called "Four Friends of Emperor Wen" on Cao Pi's side, one of whom is called Wu Qian. Wu Zhi gave Cao Pi many good ideas and helped Cao Pi ascend to the throne, and later became the governor of Youzhou and hezhou. And as an important strategist of Cao Pi, Wu Qian, one of cao Wei's border towns, how could there be three "letters of surrender" to Sun Quan? Let's talk about this matter.
First of all, let's talk about the "four friends of Emperor Wen", namely Sima Yi, Chen Qun, Wu Qian, and Zhu Shuo. The first two people are relatively well-known, and Wu Qian and Zhu Shuo are relatively low. However, Wu Qian's record in the historical materials is still relatively rich and interesting. Wu Zhizi Jizhong is a native of Jiyin County, Yanzhou. Because of his "talent and knowledge", he was loved by Cao Pi. However, Wu Is better known not in literature, but in his strategy. Two things can be proven.
The first thing: Yang Xiu and the Ding brothers bet their treasure on Cao Zhi's body and made a political gamble, which did bring a lot of threat to Cao Pi. At that time, Wu Zhi was serving as the county magistrate of Chao Ge County, Hanoi County, and Cao Pi used a strategy. He carried a broken bamboo basket in a car, secretly loaded Wu Qian inside, and transported it back to discuss countermeasures with himself. Yang Xiu was very clever, saw the doorway in the bamboo basket, and told Cao Cao. From this incident, we can also see that Cao Pi's intelligence work is very well done, Yang Xiu's front foot sued, and Cao Pi got the news on the back foot. Wu Zhi made a plan and asked Cao Pi to use bamboo baskets to transport some silk cloth to confuse Yang Xiu the next day. Yang Xiu was indeed successful in his plan and complained to Cao Cao. Cao Cao opened it and saw that it was just a pile of silk cloth, so he objected and became suspicious of Cao Zhi's party.
The second thing: Cao Cao once again went out to fight, and Cao Pi and Cao Zhi bid farewell to Cao Cao. Cao Zhi is very literate, and he is an urgent talent, which can be said to be an export chapter. Cao Zhi gave full play to this advantage, praised Cao Cao's meritorious deeds and virtues, and won Cao Cao's admiration. Cao Pi consciously had some disadvantages in literary talent compared to Cao Zhi, and his mood was relatively low, at this time Wu Qian (this matter happened before the last incident) secretly told Cao Pi that he did not have to dig out his mind to make a fuss about words, just cry. Cao Pi acted according to the plan and immediately reversed the direction of the wind. The ministers who had previously praised Cao Zhi's literary talents, including Cao Cao himself, immediately felt that Cao Zhi was flashy and dishonest.
From these two things, it can be seen that Wu Tian is a very scheming person. If the first thing is based on the asymmetry of information between the two sides (Yang Xiu may not know that Cao Pi already knows that he has filed a complaint), then the second thing is very purely reflecting the viciousness of Wu Zhi's vision and the ability to react on the spot, avoiding competition with Cao Zhi's strengths, but seizing the truth and revealing this point above the words, so that Cao Zhi's strengths become shortcomings. I have to say that Wu Qian is indeed a very powerful strategist.
In the first year of The Yellow Dragon of Eastern Wu and the third year of Cao Wei Taihe (that is, 229 AD), a very interesting thing happened, and Hu Zong, a servant of Eastern Wu, wrote three letters of surrender to Sun Quan in the tone of Wu Zheng. The reason was that it was learned from the descendants of Cao Wei Nandu (probably Huang Ding, Zhou Guang, and others mentioned in the "Book of Surrender" of Wu Qian) that Wu Wei was ostracized and suspected by Cao Wei Junchen. So Sun Quan seized this opportunity and released the news that Wu Wei was going to betray Cao Wei and defect to Eastern Wu, that is, these three letters of surrender, the purpose should be to force Wu Wei to rebel, just as Zhuge Liang deliberately sent people to Cao Wei to leak Meng Da's information with himself in order to force Meng Da to betray Cao Wei. Anyway, there is no cost, there are dates without dates to hit a pole.
The general meaning of the three letters of surrender is as follows: at that time, Wu Qian, as the governor of Youzhou and Hezhou in Hebei, was an official position during the Cao Pi period, and it did not change after Cao Rui ascended the throne. Although Wu Zhi was a border town, he was not in the center of Cao Wei's political power after all. Instead, sima yi and Chen Qun both became assistant ministers appointed by Cao Pi. It does look a bit of a sack of exclusion. In these letters, it is said that Wu Was ostracized and rumored by Cao Wei's courtiers, and that the famous general Le Yi abandoned Yan ben Zhao Zibi during the Warring States period and sent Huang Ding, Zhou Guang, and others to secretly surrender to Eastern Wu.
The specific plan was that Sun Quan would lead an army to attack the Huai and Si regions and occupy Xia Pi in Xuzhou; Wu Qian would respond to Eastern Wu in the Hebei region and attack Cao Wei on both sides. Coupled with the pressure from the Shu Han side, Guanzhong's army did not dare to move easily. If Wu Zhi and Sun Quan really followed this plan, it would be difficult to say in other places, and Qingzhou and Xuzhou in eastern Cao Wei were indeed more dangerous. Once Qingzhou and Xuzhou were lost, Cao Wei would be besieged by Wu Qian, Sun Quan, and Liu Chan. Of course, this is based on the success of Wu Qian's rebellion and the ideal situation of the coordination of the three-way action.
Did Wu Qian really have the idea of betraying Cao Wei and uniting with Eastern Wu? Xiaobian believes that this is only one-sided information from Wu Ren, and the credibility is extremely low. However, Hu Zong's forged letter of surrender still aroused the suspicion of the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. After all, Wu Qian was an important strategist and friend of Cao Pi, and he did not have any strong friendship with Cao Rui. After the Three Letters of Surrender spread, in the following year of Cao Wei Taihe's fourth year (230 AD), Wu Qian was conscripted into the imperial court to serve as a servant, depriving Wu Qian of his military power and giving him the right to participate in politics.
It is worth mentioning that Wu Zhi died in Luoyang in the same year, and he also received a vicious title- Ugly Hou. It is recorded in the Book of Yi Zhou and the Interpretation of the Fa That says: "The power of the emperor is wantonly ugly. According to historical records, Wu Zheng did have more wanton behavior, such as telling Dong Zhao that he wanted to be a small solution in the township (Dong Zhao and Wu Qian were both Jiyin people); and for example, satirizing the figures of Cao Zhen and Zhu Shuo at the banquet, causing a very big unpleasantness. However, just because of these things, Wu Qian got an "ugly" nickname, which may be that Wu Qian has offended too many people, or it may be Cao Rui's tendency. It was not until the Zhengyuan period (i.e., 254-256 AD), during the reign of Cao Xi, that Wu Qian's title was changed from Ugly Marquis to WeiHou.
In addition, in the second year of Huanglong of Eastern Wu, the fourth year of Cao Weitaihe, there was also an incident, Cao Rui sent a person named Yin Bo to infiltrate Eastern Wu to sabotage and alienate the Eastern Wu Junchen, which is the famous "Hidden Po Case". Of course, Yin Fan did not cause much damage, and he was easily caught and executed by Sun Quan. However, judging from the fact that the time of the separation between Wu Qian and The Hidden Fan entered Wu is so close, Xiaobian believes that the two should have a certain connection, that is, the "Hidden Fan Case" is likely to be Cao Rui's revenge on the Wu Quality's "book downfall" incident.
References: Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Book of the Later Han Dynasty