The Han Dynasty adopted Dong Zhongshu's initiative to "depose the Hundred Families and respect Confucianism alone." Confucianism became the theoretical basis of state rule, and the relevant Confucian classics needed to be reorganized and annotated, and the resulting classics developed considerably, and a number of masters of scripture emerged. Among them, Fufeng Ren Ma Rong and Beihai Man Zheng Xuan are the most famous! As a master of scripture, and Zheng Xuan had studied under Ma Rong's door for many years, why did Ma Rong kill his own disciples? This also starts from the experience of the two people!
Ma Rong (left) Zheng Xuan (right)
Ma Rong was a descendant of Ma Yuan, a famous general of the Han Dynasty, "General Fubo". From an early age, he was intelligent and studious, and followed the reclusive Confucian students at that time to study, and soon learned the scriptures. His main achievement was to annotate almost all the classics of Confucianism, so that the study of ancient texts and classics reached a mature point and promoted the development of Han Dynasty classics.
The ancient text is Qin Xiaozhuan The present text is the Han Lishu
Ma Rong not only achieved great academic achievements, but also had many disciples. It is said that he had as many as a thousand disciples, including Lu Zhi from Zhuo County and Zheng Xuan from Beihai as his disciples. It can be said that he was a well-known "big coffee" in the academic community at that time.
Ma Rong is known as the "Great Confucian of the Sea"
Let's talk about Zheng Xuan. Zheng Xuan's family was poor, and he was forced to work as a small township official for his livelihood. But his ambition was not to be an official, but to do learning, he was studious by nature, talented, mastered the Confucian "Five Classics" very early, and liked to study astronomy and calendar. Later, he was recommended by people to enter the government-run educational institution Taixue, followed the fifth yuan of the doctor of classics, and later studied with Zhang Gongzu and Chen Qiu. At a young age, he has learned to be rich in five cars, and he is a proper student!
After thirty years of pragmatism, although Zheng Xuan was knowledgeable and well-known, and the best in Shandong (east of Kunshan), he still did not feel satisfied. Therefore, at the recommendation of Lu Zhi, he entered Guannei to pay homage to Ma Rong, an academic authority at that time. The threshold for Ma Rong's apprenticeship was high, and Zheng Xuan did not receive Ma Rong's personal guidance for up to three years. But Zheng Xuan has always been diligent in self-study, and once Ma Rong and the protégé calculus hun tian problem was difficult to solve, so someone recommended Zheng Xuan, and Zheng Xuan quickly solved the problem, which made Ma Rong very surprised. From then on, Ma Rong attached great importance to him.
"Zheng Xuan under Ma Rongmen" "The World Speaks a New Language"
After studying with Ma Rong for seven years, Zheng Xuan resigned and went home because his mother was old and needed to serve. When Ma Rong learned about it, he couldn't help but sigh "Li Le Jie Dong", worried that his reputation would be covered by Zheng Xuan. So he had a magic obstacle in his heart and wanted to hunt down and kill Zheng Xuan. Fortunately, Zheng Xuan, who was on his way home, also felt a crisis, so he hid under the bridge, his feet floating on the water through clogs. Ma Rong had a tray to track, measured Zheng Xuan under the soil, on the water, near the wood, and then decided that Zheng Xuan was in a desperate situation and would undoubtedly die! So he gave up the pursuit, and Zheng Xuan escaped from death and escaped a disaster!
It is difficult to measure the mysteries of heaven and earth, but it is difficult to measure the darkness of people's hearts
This would have been a good story that would have been a good story to promote the inheritance of future generations and masters and apprentices, but Ma Rong turned it into a migration scandal of lust and jealousy.
Although this event is not recorded in the main history, in the notebook novel "The New Language of the World" more than a hundred years later, Ma Rong's disgraceful rumors are included. Although Liu Jun later denied the authenticity of this incident when he commented on the "New Language of the World", I think this is only a family statement. Because Ma Rong, recorded in historical classics, although his academic achievements are remarkable, he is not perfect in terms of personality and character, and even has stains.
(1) Request for an outrent-in-chief
In the early years, Ma Rong promised to be a famous soldier who had refused Deng Guan's call, and later suffered from famine, so he regretted it, changed his integrity, and took the initiative to answer the call.
(2) Submit to the magnates and play the role of the tiger
Ma Rong once offended the general Liang Ji, was framed and persecuted by Liang Ji, and almost committed suicide for this. But later, he was afraid of angering the magnates, and even helped Liang Ji frame the lieutenant Li Gu, and also wrote the "West Song" to meet Liang Ji. Not only is it unorthodox, but it is also conducive to abuse!
Li Gu's death Ma Rong is difficult to exonerate
Therefore, Ma Rong was not a virtuous elder, and his status in the academic community at that time was respected. Therefore, when someone like Zheng Xuan can surpass him academically and endanger the fame and fortune he has obtained in front of him, he is jealous, and even evil thoughts, and it is not nonsense to harm Zheng Xuan!
Fortunately, Zheng Xuan is not only deeply knowledgeable, but also able to understand people's hearts! Otherwise, if we had neglected our precautions and been brutally killed, there would have been no More Books of Poetry and other Confucian classics that we read now! For Ma Rong, once he thinks about it, a hundred obstacles are born, he can understand the scriptures, and finally he can't solve the demons in his heart!
What really torments you is your heart
Source:
"The New Language of the World", "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty"