The Jiefang Daily Shangguan News reporter learned from the Shanghai Peking Opera House that Gao Yiming, a national first-class composer and representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage (Peking Opera) project of the Shanghai Peking Opera Theatre, died at the age of 82 at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital at 12:30 on November 2 due to ineffective medical treatment.
Gao Yiming has loved Peking opera since childhood, and at the age of 17, he took the stage to play the piano, successively accompanied huang Guiqiu, Chi Shigong, Ji Yuliang and other famous artists, designed the singing voice for plays such as "Wisdom to Conquer the Tiger Mountain", "Ode to Longjiang", "Panshiwan" and other plays, and also served as the singing voice design for "Wang Xifeng's Great Trouble in Ningguo Mansion", "Qianlong Xia Jiangnan", "Wedding on the Execution Ground", "Zheng Banqiao", "Hu Di" and Shang Changrong's trilogy "Cao Cao and Yang Xiu", "Zhenguan Event", "Honest Officials in Jackie Chan" and other plays. He cooperated with You Jishun to design the singing voice of "Zhenguan Event" and "Honest Officials in Jackie Chan", which both won the top ten fine plays of the National Stage Art Fine Arts Project, which were widely praised.
In the 1960s, Gao Yiming entered the field of Peking Opera composition and creation, and his debut work was starring Li Zhonglin and Ji Yuliang, who participated in the 1964 National Modern Opera Show "Wise Tiger Mountain", and then invested in "Wise Tiger Mountain" starring Tong Xiangling. He once recalled, "At that time, I had not yet received systematic composition training, completely based on practical work experience and feelings of music; in the early seventies, through further study in the composition department of the Central Conservatory of Music, the combination of rationality and sensibility was qualitatively improved." ”
Yang Mei, a young pianist and composer at the Shanghai Peking Opera House, became acquainted with Gao Yiming in 2007, "That year I graduated from the Attached High School of the China Academy of Performing Arts and prepared to enter the university. In the past, I often heard the teachers of the attached middle school say that there is a high school teacher in Shanghai, which is very remarkable, not only in the concept of Jinghu accompaniment is very orthodox, but also has a high degree of achievement in composition. ”
In college, Yang Mei found that Gao Yiming had not yet played the piano every time he went to class, and he had to sing word by word. This gave her a new understanding of Peking Opera and even opera singing, and opened the door to opera music creation. "In addition to class, Teacher Gao often told me about his process of creating modern opera singing voices, and I would often chase after him to let him sing operas and operas other than Peking Opera. Each time the teacher hummed with interest, he began to talk about how to use this cavity and where that cavity changed. ”
Another student of Gao Yiming, Wang Hao, graduated from The Affiliated Middle School of Chinese Opera in 2011 and was admitted to the Shanghai Opera Academy, "Before learning each play, Teacher Gao let me start from the singing voice and teach it word by word, so that we can understand the singing styles of each genre and master the accompaniment essentials of each genre." ”
Gao Yiming believes that Peking Opera composers should pay attention to emotions and avoid weaknesses for actors, "for example, actors who sing horse schools, you write him a very fancy singing voice, he is not good at singing." And the Danjiao actor of the singing Zhang school you wrote for her is flat, and she can't play it. "White Emperor City" Liu Bei sang the erhuang slow plate 'Lu Xun'er' is a very typical 'will be lonely and harmful' cavity, which I borrowed and used in the singing voice of "Wise Tiger Mountain". At the end of the "Thorns" singing section of "Wise Tiger Mountain", when singing to the place where 'I have the morning sun in my chest', the next sentence of Erhuang falls on '2', which just integrates the melodic changes of Dongfang Hong, thus producing a characteristic singing voice with novelty. ”
In the scene "Wise Tiger Mountain" and "Deep Mountain Asking Hardships", Gao Yiming, the late pianist Chen Lizhong and Shen Liqun repeatedly considered what plate style Xiao Changbao should sing. "We consider that Xiao Changbao, as a young girl who was forced to hide in the deep mountains and old forests and struggled on the line of life and death, the bitter water that had been held in her heart for eight years was like a waterfall at the moment, which was not what the conventional plate style of ordinary Danxing could do. We synthesize all the internal factors to create this "anti-two yellow doll tune", which has both the desolation and tragedy of the anti-two yellow, and the fortitude and uprightness of the [doll tone]. In The singing voice of Yang Zirong's "Xipi Original Plate", we rub in the anti-Xipi elements to express Yang Zirong's flesh-and-blood connection with the masses of the people and the feelings of the heart. When singing the phrase 'see the sun in the mountains', because this sentence is the next sentence, how to deal with it feels like falling down, and after careful consideration, it breaks the traditional format of the upper and lower sentences, so that it falls on the high note '5', and then uses the melodic variation of "Oriental Red" as a door connection. In this way, the atmosphere and emotions are pushed to a climax, so that the audience gets a kind of satisfaction. ”
Gao Yiming believes that Peking Opera music is original, and it cannot be old-fashioned. "For example, we added guqin and guzheng elements to "Cao Cao and Yang Xiu" to make the audience feel comfortable and not violate it. In the rice merchant singing section of "Cao Cao and Yang Xiu", I combined the regional characteristics of the three merchants and borrowed the organic components of Sichuan tones, pingtan and Mongolian folk songs. The dumb flute is extremely versatile in Peking Opera, and it is unusual to combine the melody of "Three Disciplines and Eight Attentions" in the seventh scene of "Wise Tiger Mountain". ”
Column Editor-in-Chief: Shi Chenlu Text Editor: Shi Chenlu
Source: Author: Zhuge Yi