"The young man's ambition to sweep away the dust and win the "Revolutionary Army" is in the limelight. The trumpet sounded a sleepy dream, and the hero rose up to save the sinking", this is wu Yuzhang's seven-law poem - "Commemorating the Martyr Zou Rong". How could Zou Rong be able to attract such praise? Looking back at a hundred years of modern history, Zou Rong came from the decaying Manchu Qing Dynasty, unruly, and eventually became a gravedigger of the authoritarian government. At the age of eighteen, the Revolutionary Army came out of nowhere, setting a precedent for the idea of national democracy.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > young rebel, Dongdu Fuso</h1>
In 1885, Zou Rong was born into a merchant family in Ba County, Chongqing. After years of hard work, his father accumulated a good family business. Despite his family's favorable conditions, Zou Rong was very disgusted with the imperial examination, especially the Eight Shares. "Stinky eight strands of children are unwilling to learn, full of children do not love to enter, fading the name of the subject, what is the use of getting it?" Stubborn, he often let father and son meet each other for a short time. After coming into contact with the idea of restoration, it increased the contempt for feudal culture.
At that time, the Qing Dynasty was already in turmoil, and zou Rong's thinking was even more radical in the Sino-Japanese naval battle in 1894 and the invasion of China by the Eight-Nation Alliance in 1900. When the news of the failure of the Wushu reform came, Tan Si and the six gentlemen's heroic righteousness made him issue a message: "Hehe Tan Jun's death, the morale of Xianghu Lake is weakened." But I hope that those who come after him will continue to be discouraged." During his days at the Academy, he was often concerned about current affairs and made "heretical" remarks.
In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu, Sichuan Province selected students to study in Japan for the first time, and Zou Rong, who was already hopeless, embarked on the road of studying in Dongdu under the good intentions of his father. In fact, in my father's view, I can get the imperial court merit when I return from studying abroad, so why not enjoy it? As everyone knows, the experience of studying abroad in Japan has completely given Zou Rong the opportunity to be reborn. He first entered the Canton Dialect Hall to make up japanese, and then set out from Shanghai to embark on a vigorous revolutionary journey.
After arriving in Japan, Zou Rong first changed his name, and before that, his letters were often written as "Guiwen or Shaotao". After the Meiji Restoration, Japan introduced various Ideas from the West, and Chinese students studied here to explore ways to save the country. Changed his name to "Zou Rong", implying "changing appearance and reborn". On the one hand, he came into contact with the Enlightenment ideas of the Western bourgeoisie, and on the other hand, he got acquainted with revolutionary volunteers at home and abroad, and Zou Rong, who was himself resolute and courageous, found a confidant in a foreign country.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > self-made Rousseau, tough temperament</h1>
During his one-year time in Japan, Zou Rong studied hard and sucked in the works of democratic science. When he saw the great wave of the French Enlightenment, he compared himself to "French Rousseau". In the collective activities of students studying in Japan, Zou Rong often rushed to the forefront, sharp words, and deafening. During the activity to punish Yao Wenfu, who was stationed in Japan to supervise Yao Wenfu, Zou Rong and others took scissors and went straight into Yao Wenfu's residence, slapped him several times in anger, and cut off his braids.
As soon as the matter came out, Zou Rong had no way to retreat, and under the joint pressure of the Qing court and Japan, he could only be forced to return to China. At this time, the party revolt and the revolution gradually arose, and Zou Rong immediately joined the camp of the revolution. In April 1903, word came that Tsarist Russia would refuse to withdraw its troops. Their ambition to monopolize the three eastern provinces has aroused strong dissatisfaction among the Chinese people. The benevolent people of Shanghai once again gathered, telegraphed to "reject Russia", and spontaneously organized the anti-Russian volunteer brigade.
At this time, Zou Rong not only participated in the training of the volunteer army, but also took on the lips and tongue of the revolution. First of all, he delivered a speech entitled "On the Current Trend of Reforming China", which was full of patriotic enthusiasm and infected more young friends. Then the initiative of the "Chinese Students' League Association" was issued to unite students across the country. In this situation, Zou Rong wrote the book "Revolutionary Army". Together with Cai Yuanpei and Zhang Taiyan, it caused a wave of patriotic studies in Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
In fact, as early as during his study in Japan, Zou Rong had already begun to create the "Revolutionary Army", and after returning to China, he participated in the anti-Russian movement of the Patriotic Society, which further prompted him to guide the student group. This new group of most conscious intellectuals will surely become the staunchest revolutionary fighters. When Zou Rong took "Revolutionary Army" to Zhang Taiyan, the pair of Mo Rebels, who were 17 years apart, were immediately surprised by the shooting. He wrote the preface and praised the Revolutionary Army as a "pioneer of righteous teachers."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > is in prison and sacrificing his life for righteousness</h1>
This work, known as the "Declaration of Human Rights in Modern China," caused panic among the rulers as soon as it came out. They did not hesitate to collude with foreign raiders, took advantage of the fact that the "Su Bao" often made heretical remarks, and brazenly arrested Zhang Taiyan and Zou Rong on the grounds that they were "arrogant and wanton, and the problem was not small." At that time, the controversy between the revolutionary volunteers and the Kang and Liang restorationists had begun to see the beginning. As soon as Zou Rong's "Revolutionary Army" came out, it directly exploded in the ideological and public opinion circles.
Signed "Zou Rong, a former pawn in the revolutionary army", it was published in the "Su Bao" and quickly spread in an easy-to-understand and smooth writing. Zou Rong put the Western innate ideas of human rights, freedom and equality through the sharp end of the pen, through the back of the paper. Together with Zhang Taiyan's "Rebutting Kang Youwei's Book on Revolution", it together constitutes the main theme of publicizing the revolution and pursuing democracy and republicanism. It is precisely for this reason that The Revolutionary Army has been called "the first textbook of national education."
"Wow! Revolution also. Emperor! Revolution also. In the face of national hatred and family hatred, Zou Rong took a clear-cut stand against the Qing court, "wanting to resist foreign insults, first clearing up internal troubles"; the Manchu Qing government had been completely reduced to a tool of imperialism, and reform could only be repaired and repaired, and the only way to plan for the present was revolution. "Revolution! revolution! If you get it, you will live, if you can't die, if you don't retreat, if you don't stand neutral, if you don't wander," he shouted, sharpened his whiskers, and waited for him.
In order to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, Zou Rong was ready to "sharpen the blade and build the Banner of Wu", and he would "gallop in the rain of bullets and bullets" with the Qing Dynasty and fight against the "foreign demons" that interfered in China's sovereignty. Full of enthusiasm and momentum, he approached the Manchu Qing rulers, colluded with the authorities of the Shanghai Concession, and arrested Zhang and Zou. During the interrogation, they argued with reason and denounced each other; during their days in prison, they fought each other. The occurrence of the "Su Bao" case made Zou Rong's "Revolutionary Army" sell more widely, and the revolutionary trend was unstoppable.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > postscript</h1>
During the year in prison, Zou Rong and Zhang Taiyan exchanged poems. "Zou Rongwu's younger brother was sent down to Yingzhou." Quick scissors to remove braids, dried beef for dumplings. As soon as the hero goes to prison, the heavens and the earth are also miserable. When you are about to die, you must mix your hands, and there are only two ends. "Two people who are also teachers and friends are moving towards the goal in their hearts. On April 3, 1905, the tortured Zou Rong died in prison. After the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government, Sun Yat-sen posthumously honored him as a "Great General". Wind and rain Bashan hated far away, and people still remember the great general!