The so-called crab-free autumn, autumn will start with a meal of hairy crabs.
The confluence of the three rivers in Shanghai, adjacent to the East China Sea, the special geographical environment has bred the prestigious Shanghai hairy crab.
As the hometown of the river crab in the Yangtze River system, Chongming has gathered many crab eaters. On October 11, the "2020 Shanghai River Crab Industry Promotion Chongming Tour" was held in Chongming, Shanghai.
From "little hairy crab" to "old hairy crab", "Jianghai 21" came
The scientific name of the river crab is the Chinese river crab, also known as the hairy crab, which is a specialty of our country and has a long reputation, and is known as "a great beautiful thing in the world". The river crab farming in Chongming, Shanghai has a history of more than 1300 years, and is the main producer of Chinese river crab in the Yangtze River system, and its natural crab seedlings are supplied to the whole country.
On weekdays, a large part of the crab seedlings of the hairy crabs in Yangcheng Lake that people love to eat are also from Chongming.
However, although Chongming's high-quality crab seedlings are famous all over the world, local farmers always have a heart knot: adult crabs grow slowly, small in size, and all of them are "small hairy crabs". The crux of the matter is that it lacks the ecological conditions of the large water surface with many aquatic plants and good water quality; at the same time, it is located at the mouth of the Yangtze River, and the confluence of brackish water causes the river crab to be delicious but "difficult" to grow.
How to make Chongming adult crab change from "small hairy crab" to "old hairy crab"? The experts and professors of Shanghai Ocean University have made a move!
After the implementation of the Shanghai Chinese river crab industry system, wang Chenghui, chief expert and professor of Shanghai Ocean University, and experts from Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute, East China Normal University and other institutions collectively tackled key problems, and in 2015, Shanghai gave birth to "Jianghai 21" fine seeds.
"'Jianghai 21' will have different excellent traits of the father and mother for the combination of the production, a good aggregation of the father and mother of the respective typical traits, with 'green back, white belly, golden claw, yellow hair' of the Original Yangtze River species characteristics." Dr. Wang Jun, Ph.D. of the School of Fisheries and Life Sciences of Shanghai Ocean University, introduced that under the same feeding conditions, the growth rate of "Jianghai 21" was 22.02% faster than that of the control group; the proportion of large-sized commercial crabs was high, more than 50% of male crabs were greater than or equal to 200 grams, and more than 33% of female crabs were greater than or equal to 150 grams.
The yield, size and quality of Chongming River crab have risen, and the clear water crab here has become a delicacy on the public's table.
Eating elegantly and efficiently, crab eaters can also take the "technical" route
Throughout history, shanghai and its surrounding areas have long been rich in crabs, and our ancestors began to catch crabs and eat crabs very early.
"We have a long history of eating crabs, and Western Europe, North America and other countries still dare not eat river crabs." Chen Shunsheng, a professor at the Food College of Shanghai Ocean University, said that China has a history of eating crabs for more than 6,000 years, and archaeologists have excavated the Songze culture and Liangzhu culture strata in the Yangtze River Delta and found that a large number of river crab shells are in the waste eaten by the ancestors.
However, there are many people who love crabs, but there are not many people who know how to eat crabs correctly. Some people say bluntly that eating crabs is to swallow them, and eating meat can be eaten.
In fact, there are many exquisite ways to eat crabs, how to eat elegant and efficient?
Chen Shunsheng introduced that before eating crabs, diners should first prepare seasonings (Zhenjiang vinegar + ginger + sugar), warm rice wine, and crab should also prepare "eight pieces of crab".
Then, facing the delicious food in front of you, you can start taking the "technical" route.
First remove the crab navel, then remove the crab cover, remove the large claw, remove the gill triangle, remove the crab mouth, and remove the crab stomach. At this time, you can take a break, taste the crab yellow and crab paste in the crab lid, and remember that the crab yellow and crab paste must be eaten while hot.
Then go to the heart of the crab (hexagonal worm), break the crab body in half, eat crab yellow, crab paste.
Then break the crab body into sections along the crab's feet and divide the crab meat to eat.
After the crab feet and crab claws are cooled, the meat will automatically separate from the shell, at this time, the crab legs can be cut into three sections, and the meat inside the crab legs can be poked out with the tip of the crab toe and eaten.
Eat crab claws do not use your teeth to bite hard, causing teeth to crack and not worth the loss. Crab claws can be divided into three segments, the first two can be directly cut open for eating; claws can be cut on both sides and eaten.
The last step, remember to wash your hands after meals, and drink a cup of ginger tea to warm your stomach to relieve the coldness of the crab.
Of course, there are also a few precautions for eating crab:
First of all, dead crabs cannot be eaten. When the hairy crab is dying or has died, the sand sac in the crab will rupture, and if the hairy crab has a toxin accumulation in the sand sac before it dies, it will spread with its rupture, even if it is cooked, these toxins are not easy to be destroyed.
Pregnant women and children can eat crab, but be sure to eat it in moderation. In order to avoid physical discomfort, it is best to drink a cup of hot brown sugar ginger tea to relieve the cold after eating.
At the same time, people with spleen and stomach deficiency should try to eat less hairy crabs; cold, fever, stomach disease, diarrhea should not eat hairy crabs; patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, eat less or eat crab yellow and crab cream according to medical advice, so as not to increase cholesterol.
Crabs should not be eaten with persimmons, pears, peanut kernels, loach, tea, cold drinks, beer (especially cold beer) to avoid food poisoning such as vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
Overall, too much is too late, and crabs should not be greedy no matter how delicious they are!
The event was organized by Shanghai Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, Shanghai Ocean University, Chongming District Agricultural and Rural Committee, etc.