Video loading...
More than a hundred years ago, Li Dazhao took a pen from Rong and served the country with literature, becoming the earliest Marxist and communist in China. He encouraged Chinese youth to create a "country of youth and a nation of youth" with the "me of youth", firmly believing that China's youth is coming. The torch of Marxism spreading in China was lit in his hands, illuminating the way forward for China.
In the exhibition hall of the National Museum of China, there is a national first-class cultural relic, which is the gallows of Li Dazhao, the pioneer of the Chinese communist movement. On its rusty base, there seemed to be traces of blood.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: His body, when found, said that there were three blood marks on his neck, indicating that he was strangled three times before completing this process of killing.
Even if you give your life, you must pursue the truth, which is Li Dazhao's lifelong belief. In 1917, when the 28-year-old Li Dazhao heard the news of the victory of the October Revolution in Russia, he felt that marxism must be chosen to solve the Chinese problem. Li Dazhao first published two articles, "The Victory of the Common People" and "The Victory of Bolshevism", which first introduced the spark of Marxism into China. Immediately afterward, he published "My Marxist View" in The New Youth, after which the spark of communism began to burn throughout China.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: From May 1919 to July 1921, (my grandfather) published a total of 140 papers, speeches, essays, etc. on the dissemination of Marxism and the praise of the October Revolution, an average of one every 6 days, indicating that he vigorously propagated Marxism at a high density. Students who pursue truth and explore this road of national liberation will consciously listen to Mr. Dazhao's lectures on these Marxist courses.
In 1920, Li Dazhao initiated the organization of the Marxist Theory Research Association at Peking University, and a few months later, the Beijing Communist Party Group was formally established. At that time, Li Dazhao took out 80 silver yuan from his monthly income as a fund for the group's activities.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: He wears a long cloth shirt in the summer. Winter was a long cotton robe, and for a university professor at the time, (personal life) was very simple.
At that time, Li Dazhao earned 240 silver yuan a month, but his wife Zhao Shulan often worried about her livelihood. The reason is that Li Dazhao often poured his family into relief and helped poor students. Later, Cai Yuanpei, who was the president of Peking University at the time, had to let the accountant directly give a part of his living expenses to Zhao Shulan every month to prevent the Li family from breaking the cooking.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: At that time, the price level in Beijing, he (Li Dazhao) could buy a very good house with three months' salary. But he lived in Beijing for ten years, did not have a single property, he moved a total of 7 times, changed 8 places, all rented. After his (Li Dazhao)'s death, there was only one dollar left in the family for living expenses.
Under Li Dazhao's leadership, the early party organization in Beijing grew to 16 members. In July 1921, the First Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Shanghai. Although Li Dazhao was unable to attend the meeting for some reason, he made great contributions to the preparation of the Communist Party of China and became one of the main founders of the recognized party.
The vigorous development of the mass revolutionary movement in the north led by Li Dazhao was regarded by the reactionary warlords as a "big problem in the heart." Party organizations and comrades-in-arms urged him to leave, but he thought Beijing still had a lot of important work to do and to stay and continue fighting. In April 1927, a large number of military and police surrounded the Soviet embassy, and Li Dazhao was arrested along with more than 60 people.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: At that time, all these staff members who were working in the office of the leaders of the Kuomintang were arrested, including my grandmother and my two aunts, and after the arrest, they were detained in the Beijing Police Department. At that time, the warlords of the Fengzhi clan tried their best to coerce and induce, and all kinds of means were used, and my grandfather did not give in.
Li Dazhao spent 22 days in prison and was subjected to various tortures. Electric chairs, tiger stools, fingers inserted with bamboo sticks, and even cruelly removed nails. But he had an iron bone and a heart. In fact, Li Dazhao has long put life and death aside, and he once wrote in the article "Sacrifice": "The purpose of life is to develop one's own life, but there are also times when one must sacrifice one's life in order to develop one's life." Because of ordinary development, sometimes it is not as good as heroic sacrifice enough to prolong the sound and brilliance of life. The beautiful scenery is mostly in the treacherous mountains. The music is mostly a sad rhyme. Noble life, often in the midst of heroic sacrifice. ”
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: In the short article "Sacrifice", he regards sacrifice as a magnificent and solemn thing, and he is not afraid at all in the face of life and death.
In April 1927, the warlord ordered li dazhao and several other revolutionaries to be hanged. Before his execution, Li Dazhao took a robe, took a calm attitude, and was the first to step onto the gallows. He gave the last impassioned speech of his life, "Just because the reactionaries hanged me today, we cannot hang the great communism, and communism is bound to win a glorious victory in China." Subsequently, generously go to righteousness.
Li Jiansheng, grandson of Li Dazhao: Committed to the cause of China's development and national liberation is his goal, and he explores the truth of saving the country and the people. (CCTV reporter Yu Qian, Dong Liangyan)
(Edited by Liu Yang)