Chinese food culture: black tea

Black tea

According to the appearance of the finished tea, it is black, so it is called black tea. One of the six major types of tea is fully fermented tea. The main production areas are Sichuan, Yunnan, Hubei, Hunan and other places. The raw materials used in black tea are coarse and old, and they are the main raw materials for pressing and pressing tea. The tea making process generally includes four processes: greening, kneading, heaping and drying.

Black tea dried tea color oil black or black brown, soup color dark orange yellow with red, dark brown leaf bottom, aroma is old alcohol, taste thick mellow and mellow.

Black tea is mostly the raw material for making pressed tea. Because of its resistance to storage and easy long-distance transportation, it is sold to the frontier, so it is called "side selling tea", referred to as "side tea". Due to the differences in production area and process of black tea in China, there are Hunan black tea, Hubei old green tea, Sichuan side tea, Yunnan Pu'er tea and Guangxi Liupao tea.

Hunan black tea

Generally, the fresh leaves of one bud with four or five leaves are used as raw materials, and the black hair tea made is called Xiangjian after being steamed into the basket. Autoclaved into brick shapes include black bricks, flower bricks and poria bricks. Hunan black tea is an earlier side-selling tea, which was sold to the frontier areas as early as the Ming Dynasty in exchange for horses. Now it is mainly concentrated in Anhua production. In addition, Yiyang, Taojiang, Ningxiang, Hanshou, Yuanjiang and other places also produce a certain amount of black tea.

Hubei old green tea

It is mainly produced in Puxi, Xianning, Tongshan, Chongyang, Tongcheng and other counties. Fresh leaf raw materials are coarser and older, and there are more tea stems. The old green tea used as raw materials to autoclave into brick shapes is called "old green bricks", which is mainly sold to all parts of the northwest and inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Sichuan side tea

Due to different sales channels, it is divided into south roadside tea and west roadside tea. South Roadside tea is mainly produced by Ya'an, Tianquan, Xingjing, Leshan, Yibin, Daxian and other places. Fresh leaf raw materials are usually pruned branches of tea trees, which are coarse and old, and the pressed tea is jinjian and Kang bricks, which are mainly sold to Tibet, and also to Qinghai and Sichuan Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. West roadside tea production areas are mainly in Dujiangyan, Chongzhou, Dayi, Beichuan, Pingwu and other places, its raw materials are older than the south roadside tea, the leaves are thick, and the preparation method is simple, directly dried to make tightly pressed tea raw materials. The raw materials are autoclaved and packed into a bag to make square bag tea or round bag tea, which is mainly sold in Aba Tibetan Zizhou, Sichuan and Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang and other places.

Yunnan Pu'er tea

Yunnan big-leaf tea is a black tea processed by water, wodui, drying and other processes, collectively known as Pu'er tea. There are generally two product forms of loose tea and tight pressure tea, with the most pressed tea. In addition to the raw materials of the pressed tea, there are also coarse old teas. The so-called coarse old tea refers to the coarse old branches and leaves under pruning, which are made of raw tea made by stewing, twisting, piling up overnight, re-kneading and sun-driing. Yunnan pressed tea is widely sold, including domestic, border, export and overseas Chinese. Due to the different drinking habits of different consumers, the requirements for the raw materials of tightly pressed tea are also different. Usually the side pin tight pressure tea is coarse and old, allowing a certain amount of stem content; The internal, external and overseas Chinese tea is mainly made of more delicate Dianqing. Yunnan tight pressure tea has tight tea, cake tea, square tea, round tea and other flower color varieties. Guangxi Liupao tea

It is a famous black tea in Guangxi, named after the liubao township produced in Cangwu County, Guangxi. Generally, one bud two three leaves to one bud three four leaves as raw materials, finished tea has two kinds of loose tea and basket pressed tea. Its color is black brown and shiny, the soup color is red and strong, the taste is mellow and refreshing, and the aroma is mellow, with pine smoke and betel nut flavor. In addition to being sold to Guangdong and Guangxi, Liupao tea is also exported to Hong Kong and Macao, as well as Singapore, Malaysia and other countries.

To be continued...

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