Dong Efei stills
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="2" > preamble</h1>
"The remnants of the Yushu Song have become old, and the southern palace wicker is new. Fu Wang is a little affectionate, and does not love the country and the mountains and loves the beauty. ”
——Qing Chen Yuwang, "The Legend of the Peach Blossom Fan"
The love story of "Peach Blossom Fan" and the rapid demise of the Southern Ming court gave the poet Chen Yuwang unlimited creative space, so there was this poem. Although the poems and authors are after all a minority, the last sentence is a well-known sentence.
If you give a list to the emperors who do not love the country and the mountains and love the beauty, then the Emperor Shunzhi of the Great Qing Dynasty should be on the list. The Shunzhi Emperor had a special love for Concubine Dong, and his life and death depended on each other, becoming a legend and providing perfect love story material for countless literary works.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="7" > favored harem</h1>
The story of the Shunzhi Emperor's exclusive favorite Dong Efei, friends who have watched the TV series "The Secret History of Xiaozhuang" or "Kangxi Dynasty" are certainly not strangers. In the play, the Shunzhi Emperor was so grief-stricken after the death of Concubine Dong E, and even gave up the throne to become a monk, which shows the depth of love. The TV series is just a joke, then in history, to what extent did the Shunzhi Emperor spoil Dong Efei? According to the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", "the family is unique and generous, and the harem is favored", these eight words do not need to be translated, and only from the original text, you can feel the honor of being favored alone.
So who is this Dong Efei? How could she get the sole favor of the Shunzhi Emperor, so that she could "spoil the harem"?
First of all, it is stated that Concubine Dong is not surnamed Dong. Because in some literature, Dong Efei is also called Dong Fei, so some literary works use this to say that Dong Fei is a Han Chinese. In fact, it is not, Dong Efei's surname is Dong E, which is a Manchu surname, according to the Manchu language means a beautiful grass that grows at the water's edge. Princess Dong's father was named E Shuo, an officer in the Manchurian Zhengbai Banner. In the second year of Shunzhi, E shuo went south with the Qing army, and has been stationed in the Suzhou-Hangzhou area ever since. His children went south with him, and since they grew up in Jiangnan, they have been influenced and contaminated by the Han culture in Jiangnan. Jiangnan water town has a beautiful environment, and the children cultivated are definitely more gentle and delicate than the children in the north and outside of the country, plus Dong Efei has been talented and intelligent since she was a child, and her understanding is extremely high, and she will learn the subset of history.
In our current words, proper temperament goddess, who sees no love? The young Tianzi is also a human being! In the thirteenth year of Shunzhi, the eighteen-year-old Concubine Dong Entered the Palace as a concubine, and immediately fell in love with the nineteen-year-old Shunzhi Emperor and began the career of "favoring the harem".
On August 25 of the same year, Concubine Dong E was made a concubine by concubine, and a month later, she was made an imperial concubine on the grounds that she was "sensitive and wise and good, and those who had not been above Dong E's clan". According to the harem hierarchy, when Dong Efei entered the palace, she was only a concubine from the five pins, and the concubines who entered the palace were already from yipin, and they had to be crowned as the imperial concubines of zhengyipin, and the status of the imperial concubines was second only to that of the empress, and in just a few months, they jumped nine levels in a row, which was really a rocket-like soaring speed.
Not only did his status rise, but the emperor also wanted everyone in the whole world to know how much he loved this woman. The Shunzhi Emperor issued a special edict to hold a very solemn ceremony for Concubine Dong'e, and granted amnesty to the world. Generally speaking, only the emperor will issue edicts to announce the world at the level of the emperor's big wedding and declaration of war to the outside world. In the history of the Great Qing Dynasty, the only one who pardoned the world because of the establishment of the harem was the Shunzhi Dynasty. The First Historical Archive of China still preserves the "Edict" issued by the Shunzhi Emperor when he made Concubine Dong Efei an imperial concubine. This is a miracle in the history of Chinese concubines, which shows how much the Shunzhi Emperor loved this "temperament goddess".
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="14" > is more expensive than mother</h1>
In the fourteenth year of Shunzhi, Concubine Dong gave birth to a crown prince. Less than a day after the birth of the child, the Shunzhi Emperor hurriedly sacrificed heaven and earth, issued an edict to amnesty the world, and accepted the congratulations of the courtiers and kings to celebrate the joy of the son.
In the edict, the Shunzhi Emperor also called the prince born to Concubine Dong "the first son of Yuanzhi". In the Qing Dynasty, the only one who pardoned the world because of the birth of the prince was the Shunzhi Emperor, who was his father Emperor Taiji.
However, the fact is that this prince is not the "first son", neither the eldest son nor the eldest son, but the fourth son of the emperor. Then why should it be written in the edict that announces to the world: "The first son is born, and the imperial concubine is born"? Because in the heart of the Shunzhi Emperor, Concubine Dong was already an empress, and their children should naturally be made crown princes as "first sons" and be crown princes.
Unfortunately, the "first son" of the Shunzhi Emperor had a shallow life and was born without this life. The "Qing History Manuscript : Biography of the Kings V" records that the prince born to Concubine Dong was "born two years old, unnamed, and born", and died without even a name. The beloved wife gave birth to his beloved son died early, and the grief of the Shunzhi Emperor can be imagined.
Shunzhi ordered that the child who died prematurely be posthumously named Prince Heshuorong beyond the ancestral system, and that he be buried in excess of the standard of funeral. The Shunzhi Emperor not only built a high-scale garden for him, but also personally wrote the "Imperial Qing and Shuorong Prince Yuanzhi" to express his love and pity for this child, and the text once again emphasized: Prince Heshuorong, the first son of Shuozhi. When Lü Chaoyun and Ermu, who were formerly in the Rebbe Lang, buried Prince Rong, they were sentenced to be beheaded and sentenced to beheading only because they did not obey the chosen moment, and then changed to wear a shackle for two months each, whipped a hundred, and exiled ninguta.
The Shunzhi Emperor loved his son with a deep heart, and more came from the deep love of his wife. Unfortunately, it didn't take long for his beloved wife to die.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="21" > mourning after death</h1>
Dong Efei was originally frail and sickly, and she lost her beloved son, and the double blow made her sick. On August 19, 17th year of Shunzhi, Princess Dong died of illness at the Chengqian Palace, one of the Six Palaces of the East, at the age of twenty-two. Before dying, Concubine Dong said: "After death, it is forbidden to wear gold and jade things, and the funeral is frugal", but the Shunzhi Emperor, who was extremely sad, could not tolerate the death of his beloved woman so sadly.
According to the "Qing History Manuscript, Liechuan Yi And Hou Concubine", the Shunzhi Emperor sent an edict to quit the dynasty for five days, so that officials below the prince and above the four pins, including princesses and princesses, were all inside and outside the Jingyun Gate, weeping for Concubine Dong. Three days later, the Shunzhi Emperor posthumously honored Concubine Dong as empress, with the courtesy title of "Empress Xiaoxianzhuang and Zhide Xuanren WenHui Duanjing", and buried her as empress in the Xiaoling Tomb in the Eastern Qing Tombs.
Princess Dong did not have the title of empress during her lifetime, but after her death, she received a more honorable honor than the empress, and she was the only empress in Chinese history who did not attach the title of emperor and had an independent title. The Shunzhi Emperor even wanted to put 30 eunuchs and palace women to death in order to "prevent the imperial concubines from lacking service in other worlds" and bury Dong Efei.
Three months later, the twenty-four-year-old Shunzhi Emperor also contracted smallpox, died, and buried Xiaoling with Concubine Dong E, personally accompanying his beloved woman.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="26" > why "get the grace"</h1>
To say why Princess Dong Efei was so loved by the Shunzhi Emperor, in addition to her own external factors such as literary style, knowledge, personality, temperament, and goddess attributes, there is also an important reason that cannot be ignored - birth.
It is not that Princess Dong E's birth is noble, but that she is coincidentally a Manchurian White Banner person; and the owner before the ZhengBai Banner, coincidentally, is the regent of the Emperor's father, Dolgun. The Zhengbai Banner originally belonged to Dolgun, and its combat effectiveness was strong, no less than the two yellow flags held by the emperor himself, which was why Dolgun had the courage to compete for the throne when Emperor Taiji died suddenly. After Dorgon's death, the White Banner was taken over by the Emperor and became the Shangsan Banner along with the two Yellow Banners.
During the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor, he basically continued the policies of the Dorgon regency period and has been committed to finding a balanced strategy for the integration of Manchu and Han and improving Manchu-Han relations. To this end, under the premise of "first emphasis on Manchuria", he boldly used Han Chen, and handed over some of his power to Han officials to exercise.
These practices were opposed by the two yellow banners of the conservative forces in Manchuria, who said that the emperor was "sparse and pro-Han", and did not believe in the Council of Ministers of the Eight Banners, and so on, including Sonny and Aobai, one of the four auxiliary ministers in the Kangxi Dynasty, and his mother, Empress Xiaozhuang.
In the Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty, there is a sin edict that later generations suspect was promulgated by Empress Xiaozhuang in the tone of the Shunzhi Emperor, but from it, such as "gradually learning Chinese customs ... So that the people's livelihood is fulfilled" "Appointing Han officials... To the Manchus who have no intention of doing anything and have slackened their energy" and so on show how powerful the forces of opposition were at that time.
Against this backdrop, it is particularly important to obtain the support of the positive white flag. The Shunzhi Emperor promoted Sukshaha, who was in the white banner, to the position of Minister of internal affairs, making him equal to that of Sonny, Aobai and others. Sonny and Aobai belonged to the same two yellow flags, and they were both important ministers who did not hesitate to merge with Dolgun in order to protect Shunzhi's ascension to the throne. Sukshaha was originally a person of Dolgun, but later came to the top, and after Dorgon's death, he sued Dolgun for rebellion, and originally betrayed the Lord and asked for glory, but he soared all the way, and even after the death of the Shunzhi Emperor, he became an auxiliary minister appointed by the Shunzhi Emperor along with Sonny, Shu bilong, and Aobai. Such a person can be reused, and it is completely used for the people of the positive white flag to see, which shows that the Shunzhi Emperor really has good intentions in order to win over the positive white flag.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="33" > conclusion</h1>
Royal marriage has never been simple, especially the Manchu Qing Dynasty with ethnic minorities into the Central Plains, for the royal family members of the marriage role is particularly important, such as the second empress of the Shunzhi Emperor is the daughter of the Duke of Horqin Town, the niece of Empress Xiaozhuang. Dorgon's brother Azig was also stripped of his title by Emperor Taiji for marrying his brother Dorgon without authorization.
It can be inferred from this that the reason why Princess Dong Efei was able to "gain the grace of the saints alone and favor the harem" was inseparable from her origin of the Manchurian Zhengbai Banner. Mr. Xiang Jingzhi also pointed out that judging from the historical records of Dong Efei's Manchurian Zhengbai Banner origin, it was in line with the political needs of the Shunzhi Emperor at that time who was trying to win over the ZhengbaiQi forces to suppress the two yellow flag forces.
(There are many theories about the mystery of Dong Efei's life, only the historical records are selected here, and other hypotheses are not included in the examination)
Author: Our special invited author Kang Jiahua
References: "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", "Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty", "History of the Qing Dynasty Can't Bear to Read Carefully"