Mao Zedong once praised Luo Binghui like this: You are a master of "leading the bull's nose"!
Luo Binghui is a famous general of our army, who made very outstanding and important contributions to the Chinese revolution, but he did not see the founding of New China with his own eyes, and he died young at the age of 49.
His life is very legendary, from a peasant all the way to a general, through large and small battles, but his body is rarely injured, as if he has the blessing of the gods and Buddhas. In fact, where there are any gods and Buddhas, all his "luck" is the result of hundreds of battles and hard training.
Luo Binghui, whose original name was Luo Fu, was born in 1897 to a Han peasant family in Adu Village, Dahe Township, Yiliang County, Yunnan Province.
His father was diligent and loyal; his mother was gentle and virtuous. Even though the family was very poor, the couple still tried to provide him with private school. But when Luo Binghui was ten years old, he still had to drop out of school and began to help the family work.
According to Luo Binghui's recollection, the landlord at that time was very harsh, and the family lived a very hard life, and he experienced the hardships of life when he was young.
Luo Binghui's personality has been tough and stubborn since he was a child, and when he was 11 years old, he dared to argue with the inferior gentry according to theory, and when he was 12 years old, he even went to the county town to file a complaint, and finally because the landlord was rich and powerful, he took bribes, and the trial of Luo Binghui did not get a satisfactory result.
But this incident made everyone realize that Luo Binghui was not a good person!
Once he saw two soldiers in the county beat up a landlord, but afterwards he was not punished in any way, which opened his mind: he learned that the people the local tyrants and bullies feared were soldiers, and he began to have the idea of joining the army.
Luo Binghui escaped from his home. After two days of trekking, he hid in a farmer's house to rest. His family searched for him for five days, and when they were about to give up, they accidentally ran into Luo Binghui on the way back.
Luo Binghui had to follow his family back home, and his first time he ran away from home, he failed.
The family thought that marrying Luo Binghui a wife might be able to tie him up, so they prepared to give him a protégé, Luo Binghui did not like such a marriage, but there was no way.
Luo Binghui also has a younger brother, but unlike Luo Binghui, who has always wanted revolution and fought against landlords and bullies, this younger brother sometimes even joins forces with landlords to deal with him, which makes Luo Binghui both disappointed and hateful.
He wanted more and more to escape from the home.
In 1915, when Luo Binghui was 16 years old, he finally left the family again and came to Kunming to join the artillery corps of the Yunnan Fuzhen Garrison.
He rose step by step here, but he also slowly saw that his leader Tang Jiyao was a typical old-style feudal warlord, their soldiers were not for the people, and their struggle with other warlords was far from being revolutionary.
Luo Binghui was also extremely disgusted with their extravagant and lavish life, so he chose to leave.
He then joined the army of Zhu Peide of the Dian Army and participated in the First Northern Expedition. In order to convey the news of the retreat to Zhu Peide in a timely manner, so as to prevent the troops from being destroyed in the unknown, Luo Binghui drove more than 190 miles day and night to save Zhu Peide's army.
When Luo Binghui insisted on rushing to Zhu Peide, when he finished reporting the news, he immediately passed out of exhaustion.
But Chiang Kai-shek's defection made him suspicious of the Kuomintang's way forward, and he later overheard Zhu De's speech and was greatly inspired.
During the battle against the Red Army, Luo Binghui captured some Red Army soldiers, but after careful interrogation, he found that these people did not do anything bad, but some of their ideas were more "for the country and the people" than the soldiers of the Nationalist Army. Out of sympathy, Luo Binghui released these Red Army troops, but also angered the local squires.
And this incident also made the Red Army feel that Luo Binghui might be able to be won over.
So, in July 1929, Luo Binghui secretly joined the Chinese Communist Party and began to fight for the new camp.
In November 1930, Chiang Kai-shek gathered heavy troops and launched the first encirclement and suppression against the Red Army. Luo Binghui was responsible for luring the enemy to go deeper, and he led his troops to fight for a while and then retreated for a while, and deliberately threw away some small things on the way, pretending to be defeated and fleeing.
In this way, like a morning glory nose, the troops of Gong Bingfan and Zhang Huizhan were led over, and step by step they were pulled to the encirclement of the Red Army, creating conditions for the red army to completely annihilate the 18th Division and two brigades.
It was also because of this campaign that Mao Zedong praised Luo Binghui as a "master of leading the bull's nose."
In April 1931, Chiang Kai-shek's second encirclement and suppression came.
Faced with the situation of heavy encirclement, Luo Binghui did not panic at all, and he led a small unit to intersperse between several columns of the Kuomintang army, bluffing and confusing the enemy in all kinds. He marched very quickly, and it was also in this battle that people called him "Luo Bingfei" because of his speed of marching.
Later, in Chiang Kai-shek's third encirclement and suppression campaign, Luo Binghui used less to many, using methods such as dancing red flags, widening distances, and creating all kinds of false road signs, so as to make the enemy think that he was encountering a large army, dragging the enemy very tired, and providing an opportunity for the Red Army to repair and win victory.
After the end of this war, Luo Binghui gained the reputation of "Shenxing Taibao".
Luo Binghui's marksmanship is very good, known as the title of "sharpshooter". Once when I met Chairman Mao, Chairman Mao asked him: "I heard that your marksmanship is very accurate, and you can hit birds?" "
Without saying a word, Luo Binghui picked up his pistol and shot it into the sky, and a bird that was flying immediately fell. Chairman Mao was very impressed with the case.
More and more people know about Luo Binghui's sharpshooter. So later, every time he went to a place, the masses enthusiastically demanded that Luo Binghui perform bird fighting, so later in Luo Binghui's troops, Luo Binghui personally performed bird fighting, which almost became a fixed program.
And this skill also reduced a lot of resistance for his Long March.
At that time, the Long March troops led by Luo Binghui passed through the Yi settlement in May 1935, where there were 5,000 or 6,000 Unknown Yi people, who saw the Red Army coming and were preparing to fight against this "invading" team.
Luo Binghui, who was the commander of the Red Ninth Army at that time, personally came forward to negotiate with the leaders of the Yi nationality, and he knew what was reasonable and moved.
Luo Binghui first made it clear that the Red Army was only borrowing a way to go to the north to resist Japan, and then said: "We in the Red Army do not shoot at you, not because we are afraid of you, but because we do not want to hurt your Yi brothers." If the two armies go to war, we will be able to wipe you all out in only half an hour. "
The Leader of the Yi Clan opposite was also a brave and good hunter, and his marksmanship was very good, and when he heard this, he expressed doubts and said on the spot that he wanted to compete with Luo Binghui.
The leader ordered his men to light three pillars of incense 100 meters away, Luo Binghui drew his gun and fired, and the gun was extinguished, and the Yi leader was stunned. Just as a mountain eagle flew overhead, Luo Binghui waved his hand and only listened to the sound of "bang", and the mountain eagle immediately fell from the sky.
The Yi warriors standing on the side all shouted involuntarily, and it took the Yi leader half a day to react, throwing himself to the ground in admiration, and immediately pulled Luo Binghui to drink and worship.
As a result, the Red Army led by Luo Binghui successfully passed through the Yimin area.
Luo Binghui's unit operated alone for more than forty days and traveled more than 1,000 kilometers. When he finally joined the main force of the Red Army near Xichang, Luo Binghui's army not only did not decrease, but also increased somewhat, because many people along the road voluntarily joined his team, and also harvested a lot of horses and silver dollars, which solved the urgent need for central materials.
Zhou Enlai was very happy: "When the central authorities were short of horses and money and grain, you sent them.
We all know that during the Long March, the Red Army experienced many dangers. After the main force of the Red Army passed through the Luding Bridge, there was a natural danger in front of him, and there were pursuing soldiers in the back, and the situation was very dangerous, and after Luo Binghui received a telegram from the central authorities asking him to seize the city of Tianquan at any cost, he took care of the situation that he was seriously ill at the time and had very difficulty breathing, and sat up from his hospital bed and led the army to complete the task desperately.
When the battle was over, he suddenly fainted, fainted on the ground, and slowly woke up after three hours.
He was too tired and too tired. In the course of the Long March, they marched day and night, sometimes all night. Running day and night like this made Luo Binghui have no time to rest well.
He was always very sleepy, even falling asleep while eating. In such a situation, he had to fight a battle or two almost every day. In such a difficult environment, he still conscientiously completed every combat task.
Luo Binghui's condition could not be recuperated, so that it became more and more serious.
In July 1939, Luo Binghui was ordered to establish a base area in the eastern Anhui region. The strategic position of the eastern Anhui region was very important, but most of the eastern Anhui region had already fallen.
Luo Binghui fought strictly in accordance with the military instructions of the Party Central Committee, and had become very skilled in the use of guerrilla tactics, and he also had a certain prestige among the Japanese army. At that time, the Japanese army was very afraid of encountering Luo Binhui on the battlefield, because once they met, they were almost doomed to failure.
It was here that Luo Binghui creatively invented the world-famous "plum blossom pile tactics".
"Plum blossom pile tactics", some are also called "plum blossom tactics", that is, plum blossom pile point entanglement tactics. The plum blossom tactical formation is scattered but not chaotic, with static braking, unpredictable changes, marching everywhere, and winning every battle.
When the enemy enters the position, our army can fire at the enemy from the side, on both sides, and on three sides at the same time, with great mobility and flexibility, and can make corresponding adjustments according to the difference in each battle situation.
In addition to tactical creation, Luo Binghui also made great efforts in army building.
He often said: "Usually training is too tolerant, and the soldier will pay the price of blood!"
According to the actual situation, he formulated a set of very effective training methods and often conducted field exercises. According to statistics, the Second Division and the Huainan Military Region had already fought 2,109 battles against the enemy in 1943 alone.
After each battle, Luo Binghui would carefully analyze, study and discuss the gains and losses of the battle. Preserve the good places and improve the bad ones.
He was also very attentive to each newly appointed grass-roots commander, often taking them with him for personal inspection. Sometimes when the troops were marching at night, he would suddenly ask these junior commanders, "How many rivers have we just crossed?" Experienced how many villages? Where is it now? If the enemy set up an ambush here and gave you a company of troops, how would you fight? "
At that time, there was a saying circulating in the New Fourth Army: "The second division produced cadres," which meant that many talents were produced under the guidance of Luo Binghui. Among the later republican generals, many people had received guidance from Luo Binghui.
Luo Binghui trained the troops into a steel army, and the requirements for soldiers were extremely strict. The New Fourth Army under his training was brave and composed, and its tactical quality was very high. Such an army, combined with the plum blossom tactics he invented, made the enemy feel frightened and made many great achievements.
In addition to the above efforts, another characteristic of Luo Binghui's troops is that they have a fairly good relationship with the common people and have won the support of many ordinary people.
Luo Binghui himself is a farmer, he has a deep understanding of the suffering of farmers, and he is also truly connected with them. He regarded the people in eastern Anhui as his parents, and like the masses, he called on the troops to do good deeds for the people.
He said: "The masses of the people are the mothers of our revolutionary army, and now that our mothers are in difficulty and need our help, I ask our comrades to go to their mothers at once and fulfill their filial piety!"
He did his best to help the people, and organized and carried out many mass entertainment activities, which greatly promoted the unity of the military and the people. It is precisely because of this kind of dedication that the local people are very grateful to him and love him, calling him "Luo Qingtian".
Because he had done a very good job in building the revolutionary base areas in eastern Anhui, Liu Shaoqi praised Luo Binghui in a report on the local party issue on May 6:
"The base work in eastern Anhui is the best and most formal!"
During the Japanese invasion of China, Luo Binghui not only personally led his troops to fight in battle, but also made many other efforts. He attended various meetings of the military and political circles, and during his time in Wuhan, he also participated in various groups' anti-Japanese rescue activities.
In these activities, he often appeared in a gray cloth military uniform, which was very simple. Once, while attending a high-level banquet in the military and political circles, he met a Kuomintang officer. This officer was dressed in luxurious clothes, and his head was also raised high, and looking at Luo Binghui, who was dressed in "poor acid" in front of him, this general raised his head and said contemptuously: "How can the deputy chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army dress so shabbily?" "
Luo Binghui looked at him and said, "Today, the people of China are in the midst of a fierce situation, and some of the soldiers on the front line do not even have to wear clothes. We Communists are not happy to swallow military salaries and drink the blood of soldiers! "
The officer on the other side blushed when he heard this, and did not dare to say anything more.
Luo Binghui is obese and weighs heavily, so on the way, a person has to ride two mules. Because one mule he could only ride for half an hour, and when he reached half an hour, he had to change to another one to ride, so that the mule also had room to rest and breathe.
Luo Binghui also had a nickname in the army that year, "Luo Big Belly". He himself is very tall and burly, and his belly is also very large, so the length of the belt he needs is also longer than that of ordinary people, but where to find such a long belt?
In 1938, during the National War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Chen Tongsheng, who was working at the China Young Journalists Association, got acquainted with Luo Binghui, who was then commanding the United Front at the Eighth Route Army Office. Chen Tongsheng listened and said, "This is easy to do!" Go, I'll take you to find it! "
Immediately dragged Luo Binghui to a street selling groceries in the local area, went straight to one of the belt stalls, asked the boss to measure him, and turned out a large cowhide, directly customized five extended belts for Luo Binghui.
One day, the New Fourth Army held a collective party, and Li Youlan, the wife of Zhang Aiping, the commander of the Fourth Division at the time, said that she would borrow Luo Binghui's belt and use it. Although Luo Binghui did not know what she was going to do, he still untied his belt and handed it to her.
Only to see her find two more female fighters from the stage, walk with her to the center of the stage, and immediately perform a small game of drilling belts for everyone, three female comrades drilled into the belt circle together, and there was still plenty of space in the belt.
The soldiers in the audience couldn't help but laugh when they saw this, and Luo Binghui was also laughed. The scene was suddenly very joyful.
And joy is often accompanied by helpless pain, most of which is the case in life.
The perennial hard marching life and the obese body made Luo Binghui's health very bad. He had been suffering from severe stomach problems and high blood pressure, and on several occasions he was in danger.
In August 1945, Luo Binghui was already in a coma due to severe hypertension, but when he heard the news of the surrender of the Japanese invaders, he immediately became excited, and despite the threat of illness, he led his troops to fight against the Japanese puppet army according to the instructions of the central government.
At the beginning of 1946, under the supervision of the organization, Luo Binghui went to the hospital for treatment. During the treatment, he still insisted on learning, saying: "If I don't continue to work hard, I will immediately fall behind!"
Even in the hospital, he was always concerned about the news from the front.
In April of that year, it was the eve of the Civil War. The Central Military Commission appointed Luo Binghui as the second deputy commander of the New Fourth Army and deputy commander of the Shandong Military Region. Ignoring his serious wounds, Luo Binghui commanded his troops to fight a major battle in Zaozhuang, annihilating more than 3,300 enemy troops.
And this became the last battle of his military career.
In this regard, Luo Binghui had a premonition, and he was too tired at the front line at the time, and he had suddenly fainted several times. He said: "I have never lost a battle in my life. Before I die, I will fight this last victory, which is also my last tribute to the party! "
On June 21, Luo Binghui suddenly suffered a cerebral hemorrhage on the way back to Linyi, and died after the rescue was ineffective, at the age of 49.
On June 26, 1946, the government of the Suwan Border Region issued a decree stating that in order to commemorate the contribution of Deputy Commander Luo Binghui in the Huainan Liberated Area, Tianchang County in the east of Huainan Road was renamed "Binghui County" from then on, and a monument was set up here to always remember the merits of General Luo Binghui.
In 1950, Chen Yi rebuilt the mausoleum for Luo Binghui in Linyi, Shandong, and Comrade Zhu De, Comrade Zhou Enlai, Comrade Liu Shaoqi, and Comrade Chen Yi wrote inscriptions for him.
In 1979, the Shanghai Film Studio also filmed a film, "From Slave to General", in which the protagonist Luo Xiao was based on Luo Binghui.
In November 1989, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China published a list of 33 military experts of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and General Luo Binghui's name was listed.
Although Luo Binghui only had 50 years of time in his life, his experience was extremely rich. In him, there is the persistence of the typical older generation of Communists, who have spent his whole life fighting for his ideal path of light, even if it is sacrificed before the dawn comes.
When he left, his son Luo Xin'an was only two and a half years old, and he did not understand what life and death were, and only thought that his father was asleep.
When it was time to eat, he saw his young son gently tapping the coffin with his small hand in the spiritual hall, shouting: "Daddy, Rice, Daddy, Rice..."