Dragon Cloud
People often say that "the father of the tiger has no dog", and many people have indeed achieved that the blue is better than the blue. But there are also cases where parents have no way to discipline and children are hesitant to enjoy themselves and eventually achieve nothing, especially in the chaotic world of modern Chinese history, where as long as there is talent and enough hard work, the opportunities can be said to be as many as cattle feathers.
General Long Yun, who ruled Yunnan for eighteen years, confirmed both of these points: Anyone has the opportunity to climb higher, but those who are born on a high place may not be able to achieve the same feats as their ancestors. Long Yun himself was born in the zhaotong rural minority settlement area, but in the warlord melee of the Republic of China, both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party had a green eye for him; but his eldest son Long Shengwu was born with superior conditions, but the final outcome had to be lamented.
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In 1931, long shengwu returned to China after graduating from the Saint Cyr military academy, and Long Yun appointed him to the provincial government as deputy regimental commander of the guard regiment and commander of the first battalion, which was Lu Han's uncle.
But until the anti-Japanese dragon rope martial arts did not have the opportunity to really see the shadow of the sword and light, the flames of the sky, in his own memoirs, even the suppression of the rebellion of ethnic minorities as an important experience carefully recounted. It is not so much that Long Shengwu cares more about the gun he carries, but more about the big smoking gun in his mouth.
At that time, opium was widely cultivated in Yunnan, and there was a custom of smoking large cigarettes in both the people and the army, and the dragon rope martial arts were naturally not exempt from the customs. In his later years, he did not shy away from saying: "At that time, smoking big cigarettes in Yunnan was as common as smoking shisha, and the Yunnan army had to bring three guns, a rifle, a big smoking gun, and a shisha pipe to fight, and it was only after the war that he completely quit opium at one time through drugs."
Dragon Rope
After Long Shengwu returned to China, people constantly urged him to get married as soon as possible. He first fell in love with the granddaughter of yuan jiagu of the former Qing dynasty, but at that time the daughter had already been promised to the son of zhou Zhongyue, the former governor of Yunnan. Soon after, he fell in love with Gao Yuzhu, the later Yi anti-Japanese heroine.
Gao Yuzhu is beautiful and versatile, has excellent intelligence since childhood, reads a lot of books, is good at pipa caves, likes to ride horses and hunts, Long Shengwu likes her very much, and even asks Long Yun to come forward to ask for affection, but he is rejected. Gao Yuzhu claims to like to live freely, but in fact he can't see that he has any heroic appearance.
After a failed blind date and an unsuccessful pursuit, Ryu Rope Takeshi did not get married until he was in his thirties.
In 1937, when Long Shengwu was in Shanghai, li Hongmo, the head of the Kunming Security Department, was traveling to Beiping via Shanghai, so he entrusted him to go to Tianjin to visit the Hu family on his behalf. Although the Hu family has not been in Yunnan for a long time, it is indeed a family with important influence in Yunnan.
The two agreed that if the Hu family woman could, she would send a telegram to invite Long Shengwu to Tianjin as a guest. Li Hongmo acted according to his words and sent a telegram as promised.
Long Shengwu received the telegram and went to visit Hu Shuzhen in Tianjin to visit Hu Shuzhen. Both were satisfied, and it was on the day of the July 7 Incident that they were engaged.
Hu Shuzhen later recalled: "A few days after the July 7 Incident, Nankai University was bombed by the Japanese army... When winter came, I took a boat to Hong Kong to meet with Josugi and married the following year, when the Southwest United University had also been established, and I entered the Southwest United University in the autumn of 1938 and graduated the following year." Long Shengwu and her have always had a good relationship, and the two will grow old for the rest of their lives.
Dragon Rope Takeshi couple
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, because lu Han, the most powerful and trusted cousin around him, led the army out of Yunnan to resist the Japanese, Long Yun left Long Shengwu in Yunnan. But it may also be because he realized that Dragon Rope Was of great use, he was never allowed to hold an important position. Dragon Rope Wu himself was also reluctant to go to the battlefield.
In 1940, Long Yun appointed him as the brigade commander of the second brigade of the Kunming Xingying Camp and concurrently served as the administrative supervisor of the Tenglong Border Region, and was the highest military and political chief in western Yunnan.
Accustomed to spending days and drinking, he believed that Yunnan was the rear of the War of Resistance, while the Tenglong region in western Yunnan was the rear of the rear, and the Japanese army would never fight here again.
However, what Long Rope Wu never dreamed of was that the Japanese army would actually fight from British Burma, which also led to Long Rope Wu leaving one of his most unbearable records in history in Tengchong.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > second, the fallen boy in the stormy era</h1>
Since the Japanese controlled most of China's coastal areas early in the War of Resistance, both British and American aid to China had to travel through the Burma Highway, which was built in 1938. The Japanese base camp had long noticed this, and had been threatening Britain to reduce aid to China before the Pacific War was launched, while launching a frenzied bombardment of the Burma Road.
After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese finally had a reason to fight directly against the British troops stationed in Burma. In order to support the British fight against the Japanese army, but also to maintain the smooth passage of the Burma Road and the smooth return of materials to China, in February 1942, the first Chinese expeditionary force into Burma began, and as a result, together with the British army, the Japanese army was beaten and abandoned.
In April of the same year, all of Burma fell into the hands of the Japanese army. Soon after, the Japanese army rushed directly to the Sino-Burmese border, trying to completely cut off the connection between China and British India.
On May 3, the Japanese invaded western Yunnan all the way north through the Burma Highway, and most of the territory west of the Nu River was occupied by the Japanese. Ryu rope wu, who had thought that he could live peacefully across the Nu River, did not expect that the Japanese would rush to Tengchong within a few days.
On May 7, Long Shengwu actually led his army to abandon the city, and it did not matter if he ran, but the county governor Qiu Tianpei and Liu Bolong, commander of the 28th Division of the 66th Army of the Nationalist Army, and other military and political leaders also fled with the wind.
On May 10, 292 Japanese officers and soldiers entered Tengchong County without firing a single shot. Being frightened by such a small number of Japanese troops can also be said to be a great spectacle in the history of Chinese and foreign defensive battles.
But because he was Long Yun's son, even with such an unbearable history of escape, he was not affected. In 1943, Chiang Kai-shek, who was anxious to win over Long Yun, appointed Long Shengwu as the commander of the provisional 19th Division, and Long Shengwu, who was politically and militarily immature, actually thought that his righteous father Chiang Kai-shek truly appreciated himself.
In addition, when he met Jiang many times since Long Shengwu returned to China, Jiang treated him with courtesy, which laid an important emotional foundation for him to flee from Hong Kong to Taiwan in the future. However, under the influence of his father Long Yun, who was close to democracy, Long Shengwu secretly joined the Kuomintang at that time, representing the progressive and revolutionary Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee.
Chiang Kai-shek
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek's ambitions to achieve military dictatorship were gradually exposed. He harbored evil intentions and ordered Lu Han to go to Vietnam to accept the surrender of Japan on behalf of the Chinese government, but took advantage of the emptiness of Kunming's military equipment and ordered Du Yuming to launch a coup d'état to disarm the few remaining Dian troops in Kunming.
Chiang Kai-shek then ordered Long Yun to be relieved of all his duties, ordered him to go to Chongqing Chiang Kai-shek's lair, to serve as the president of the Military Senate of the Military Commission, and on October 6, Long Yun flew to Chongqing under duress. While controlling Longyun, Chiang Kai-shek ordered Lu Han to succeed him as chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government and Long Shengwu as deputy commander of the 60th Army, in an attempt to alienate the Long family.
Long Yun (left) and Chiang Kai-shek (right)
But the good times did not last long, and Chiang Kai-shek immediately changed his mind after seeing that Long Yun had been firmly held in his hands. At the end of 1945, before Long Shengwu could serve as deputy commander, Chiang Kai-shek issued another order to join the army as a major general in the Nationalist government.
Although it is said to be the rank of major general, like Long Yun, who wears the rank of second-class general, it is just a blank cheque issued by Chiang Kai-shek. They were treated favorably in Nanjing, but they could not participate in any military and political affairs, and in fact became the guests of honor used by the Nationalist government to fill their faces. However, unlike his father, long rope wu was still unable to recognize chiang kai-shek's true face until this time.
He still met Chiang Kai-shek many times during this time. Judging from the content of the chat between the two, it is obvious that Chiang Kai-shek's main purpose is to control Long Yun from returning to Yunnan, but also to control Long Yun's progressive tendencies that have gradually revealed since the War of Resistance. In his memoirs, Ryu described the contents of his meeting after the 1947 presidential election:
As soon as we met, the president asked, "Where do you live?"
"Report president, I live in Shanghai." It was my intention to test him to see what his expression was.
He said, "No, I'm asking where you lived when you were in Nanjing?"
"Oh, when I was in Nanjing, I lived in the old lady's mansion on Zhongyang Road."
He said, "Well, well, it's good that you live there." You can persuade your old lady. ”
Then he asked, "What are you doing in Kunming?" ”
"After I was discharged from the army, I took care of the housework at home."
He said: "No, some people say you denigrate the government. ”
I replied, "Report to the President, I now run a newspaper, if I slander the government, there must be something wrong with this newspaper, please bring the newspaper, from the beginning of the founding of the newspaper to take a good look, you will know whether there is a problem." If there is a problem, the responsibility is mine. ”
As a result, he himself changed the subject and said: "I am afraid that you are slandering the government at the banquet venue." ”
"Report to the president, it's quite possible."
The matter was over, and he asked me to persuade my old lady, and I replied: "Report to the president, I heard that every time the old lady comes to see the president, she will argue with the president, and always get upset." I once asked the old lady if there was a real thing, and he said: There is such a thing. I said: Why is the dispute like this? He said: We are all talking about national affairs.
I suggested to him: It's not interesting to argue, is it okay that the next time you meet, you don't talk about major national affairs, only private affairs? My old lady said, "Oh, very good, very good." Just do what you say.
The old lady had only recently come to see the president once, and when I got back, I asked him how he was talking, and he said, "Arguing again." "How can we argue about personal matters?" "The president first raised the issue of the defeat of the Northeast, and the two people have different opinions."
The president didn't say anything about this passage, and he asked me again: "Democrats often come to your Dragon Mansion to meet with your grandfather, right?" ”
I replied, "There is such a thing." ”
"You can persuade your old lady to get closer to them."
"Report to the president, it's hard to do. People are all learned and high-ranking people, and if they want to talk about state affairs, if they refuse to meet with them, I am afraid it will not be very polite. As for other things, please rest assured that my old lady has her own measure in doing things. ”
However, the discerning people know that the relationship between Long Yun and Chiang Kai-shek is obviously an undercurrent, and it is difficult for Chiang Kai-shek to entrust Long Shengwu as a lobbyist to change this situation.
The difference in views on Chiang Kai-shek eventually led to the father and son choosing a completely different path after the founding of New China.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > third, father and son are in a wrong way</h1>
On December 8, 1948, Long Yun successfully escaped and flew from Nanjing through Shanghai and Guangzhou to finally arrived in Hong Kong, but Long Shengwu was grateful to his father for being "as kind as a mountain" to him and was reluctant to leave Nanjing. For this reason, in April 1949, Chiang Kai-shek, in order to reward Long Shengwuneng for his loyalty to the party-state, did not follow his father to Hong Kong and was specially promoted to lieutenant general of the Nationalist government.
Unfortunately, first of all, this lieutenant general joined the army as a fictitious post, and secondly, before the end of the month, the People's Liberation Army launched the Battle of Crossing the River to completely overthrow the Nationalist government.
In August 1949, Long Shengwu realized that Chiang Kai-shek's rule had completely fallen apart, so he ran to Hong Kong to meet Long Yun.
On August 13, Long Yun and 44 others jointly issued a statement in Hong Kong entitled "Our Understanding and Propositions on the Chinese Revolution at the Present Stage," saying that they would completely break with Chiang Kai-shek and return to the people.
On December 9, Lu Han issued a telegram uprising in Yunnan, announcing the peaceful liberation of Yunnan, and although the Longjia's power in Yunnan was completely declared, it was also in line with Longyun's long-standing desire to achieve democracy and peaceful nation-building.
After the peaceful liberation of Yunnan, the Party Central Committee and the Southwest Bureau of the COMMUNIST Party of China, taking into account the prestige and influence of the Long family in Yunnan, announced the appointment of Long Shengwu as a member of the Yunnan Provincial People's Government.
However, Long Shengwu's third brother Long Sheng, and his subordinates still retained a certain amount of strength after receiving the reorganization of the People's Liberation Army, and Chiang Kai-shek promised Long Rope to serve as the military and political chief of eastern Yunnan after the armed rebellion.
Dragon Rope was seduced by this and began to secretly recruit troops, did not accept the orders of the People's Liberation Army, and eventually developed to the point of killing representatives of the People's Liberation Army to launch an open rebellion.
Although the rebellion of Dragon Rope Was quickly quelled, it shocked Dragon Rope, who was still in Hong Kong. He thought it might be detrimental for him to go to the Yunnan provincial government again, so he stopped in Hong Kong until 1954.
At this time, Long Yun was not affected by the rebellion of Long Sheng, he took the initiative to admit the problem of the godson having no party, and continued to serve as the vice chairman of the Southwest Military and Political Committee, the vice chairman of the National Defense Commission and other important positions, becoming one of the highest-ranking members among many patriotic generals after the founding of the Country.
In November 1954, Long Shengwu finally made a decision between the mainland and Taiwan, defecting to Taiwan with his wife Hu Shuzhen and a man and three women, and settling down.
Although Chiang Kai-shek knew that Long Shengwu could not be alone, his identity had a major influence in Yunnan, so he continued to appoint him as a lieutenant general to join the army.
In mr. Long Shengwu's memoirs, "Records of Mr. Long Shengwu's Visits", which he dictated in his eighties, he described his life in Taiwan as follows: "I didn't do anything, basically idle, and received a dry salary. ”
Long Shengwu grew up pampered and did not want to be a soldier anymore, and later wrote to Chiang Ching-kuo asking for a civilian assignment, but was not allowed.
Chiang Ching-kuo comforted him: "Senators don't have to go to work. Since then, Long Shengwu has been eating empty salaries, named Senator, and the actual office does not even have his place. As the only person in the Long family who fled to Taiwan with Chiang Kai-shek, he was snubbed.
In addition, Long Shengwu and his father were separated from each other on both sides of the strait, and they were also separated from his brothers and sisters by the ocean or between yin and yang, but the two Chiang Kai-shek implemented a policy of prohibiting him from leaving the country and did not allow him to visit, in fact, he was placed under house arrest on the island of Taiwan.
At this point, Long Shengwu was in pain and thought about the pain, and he no longer paid attention to the world. In his later years, although he did not really become a monk, he always showed himself as a layman, eating and praying to the Buddha every day, studying the Dharma, and several photos passed down from generation to generation showed that Long Shengwu was wearing a layman's costume when he was at home.
From 1989 to 1990, Taiwanese historian Zhang Pengyuan interviewed Long Shengwu and his wife Hu Shuzhen eight times, and he briefly returned to the public eye, but Long Shengwu was blind for nearly two years.
In this book, Long Shengwu tells the story of his life from his childhood to his residence in Taiwan, and more importantly, he tells the twists and turns of Long Yun's life from a local warlord to an anti-Japanese hero to a "democracy fighter", revealing the origin of the contradiction between Long Yun and Chiang Kai-shek.
Ryu Rope Was in his eighties at the time, and although he tried to recall it, he could not make the whole book coherent. However, regarding the disgraceful history of the Tengchong War of Resistance, Long Shengwu deliberately kept his mouth shut.
Five years after the memoir was completed, Long Shengwu died at the age of 89 and was eventually buried in Taiwan. His sons and grandchildren all chose to settle in the United States, and only on certain anniversaries would they return to Zhaotong, Yunnan, and their ancestral hometown of Jinyang, Sichuan, to participate in ancestor worship activities.