We should break the shackles of history, cleanse the filth of history, create the life of a new nation, and save the youth of the nation.
- Li Dazhao
The original heart will always be maintained The mission is in the heart
The red memory of Li Dazhao's former residence
In Beijing's Xicheng District, there is a quiet hutong, just one street away from the bustling financial street, but it seems like two worlds. Walking into the depths of the alley, surrounded by green trees, there is a small courtyard. Here, is No. 24 Wenhua Hutong, which is also the former residence of the famous Li Dazhao.
From the spring of 1920 to January 1924, Li Dazhao and his family lived here for four years, which is the longest residence for the family to live in Beijing. This has thus become the most representative historical witness of a series of revolutionary practical activities such as Li Dazhao's dissemination of Marxism, the creation of the Communist Party of China, the leadership of the workers' movement in the north, and the promotion of the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation.
A confession, showing the soul with lofty ambitions
The former residence was a small courtyard with a courtyard door open on the north wall, which was not a "high-gate mansion" at that time. According to the staff of Li Dazhao's former residence, as a professor of Peking University who is quite prestigious in the society, the reason why he chose to rent such an ordinary or even simple "triple courtyard" is because this kind of yard is low in cost, so the rent is cheap.
In fact, Li Dazhao not only held a teaching position at Peking University at that time, but also served as a professor at Beijing Women's Higher Normal School, Beijing Higher Normal School, Chaoyang University, China University, etc. At the highest salary, he could have 300 silver yuan a month, and he could buy a spacious mansion and live a stable and decent life. However, Li Dazhao was "bitter and light," dressed in winter and cloth in summer," and always used his salary as a fund for revolutionary activities and used to help poor progressive students, so that the family could only rent a house.
Even for a while, Mrs. Zhao Shulan worried about the minimum living expenses of buying rice and vegetables every day, and finally, Cai Yuanpei, the president of Peking University, had to take care of the accounting department, deduct a part of the monthly salary, and hand it over to Mrs. Li personally, so as not to make it difficult for the Li family to cook without rice. However, Li Dazhao was happy with himself, saying: "A bright and upright personality has a real and simple life."
A courtyard that writes about the years of burning passion
Through the small courtyard, we walked into the main room of the former residence, which is the place where Li Dazhao used to receive guests and family activities and meals.
On the wall of the main room hangs the couplet written by Li Dazhao, "Iron shoulders bear morality, and clever hands write articles", which is also a true portrayal of his glorious life.
The East House is the bedroom of Li Dazhao and his wife, Li Dazhao and his wife Zhao Shulan, although arranged marriages, are happy and beautiful. After marriage, Li Dazhao went to study in other places for a long time, and later embarked on the revolutionary road, and the longest life the husband and wife spent together was in this courtyard and in this house.
In 1927, Zhao was arrested along with Li Dazhao. After Li Dazhao became righteous, she traveled around to organize a public funeral for her husband, and then died of illness in 1933. In June 1936, the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China posthumously recognized her as a member of the Communist Party of China.
It was also during the time when he lived in this courtyard that Li Dazhao entered the "golden age" of his career.
During this period, he published more than 140 articles of various kinds, with a total text volume of more than 330,000 words, an average of one every 9 days; participated in various meetings 120 times, including the three major parties of the Communist Party of China and the first congress of the Kuomintang, with an average of one every 20 days; accompanied and met and visited people from all walks of life 30 times and gave 30 speeches; and also went to Guangzhou, Shanghai, Wuhan, Luoyang, Tianjin and other places to engage in teaching and revolutionary activities.
A piano that bears witness to a history that is strictly kept secret
The west wing of the former residence was once Li Dazhao's study. Li Dazhao secretly presided over party organization meetings here many times, and sometimes discussed affairs with party members and league members who passed by because of events.
The revolutionary ancestors we are familiar with, such as Chen Duxiu, Deng Zhongxia, and Qu Qiubai, all had a long talk with Li Dazhao here. For example, on December 11, 1921, Luo Zhanglong came to Li Dazhao to report on the strike on Longhai Road, and everyone played the piano, sang songs, told stories, and told jokes to celebrate the victory of the strike. This situation was not changed until later when the party organization had a meeting place in Taoranting.
During his stay in Wenhua Hutong, Li Dazhao also often "panned for goods" from the flea market. One summer evening, Li Dazhao took his eldest son Bao Hua and his eldest daughter Hua hua to retrieve an old organ in an auction house. After that, he often played the organ when it was windy and rainy, taught the children to sing revolutionary songs under the cover of the rain and the sound of the piano, and often used the sound of the piano to cover up the sound of important meetings to prevent the enemy from eavesdropping.
In his spare time, Li Dazhao often wrote children's songs for the children, played military chess with his family, and told them the truth of revolution. Under his education and inspiration, the children of the Li family inherited their father's aspirations and successively embarked on the revolutionary road.
Looking back at history, Li Dazhao's life was short and brilliant. On April 6, 1927, he was arrested by the reactionary warlords of the Feng clan, and on April 28, he was hanged in the Jingshi Detention Center in Xijiaomin Lane, Beijing, at the age of 38, interpreting the original intention and mission of a communist with blood and life.
"Breaking through the shackles of history, cleaning up the filth of history, creating the life of a new nation, and saving the youth of the nation" is the national dream declared by Li Dazhao in "New Youth" in 1916.
More than a hundred years later, this great dream was finally realized under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Li Dazhao used his youth to illuminate the era of awakening and the future of the Chinese revolution. And this sincere original intention is exactly from this small courtyard.
Study party history | Wang Lingfang Judge
In that era of turbulent upheaval and the struggle to save the people, Li Dazhao was a pioneer in propagating Marxism-Leninism. In 1918, Li Dazhao published two articles in the New Youth, "The Victory of the Common People" and "The Victory of the Bolsheviks", which are the earliest Marxist-Leninist documents in China. His articles and ideas radiate a clear light in the tide of the times, leading generations through the darkness and into the future.
He said that turning one's back to the light is to advance civilization into the world and create happiness for mankind; he also said that to adapt to the new trend of this world, one should not be pessimistic about it because of its current chaos. He used articles as a weapon to evoke "the self-consciousness of our nation"; he took his life as his responsibility and shouldered the mission of "the creation of young China". His character and knowledge and ideals always remind us not to forget our original intentions, and to create a young family, a young country, a young nation, a young human being, and a youthful earth with the self of youth.
Source: Confidentiality View WeChat public account, Beijing Bankruptcy Court