In July 1986, Deng Jiaxian, the founder of the two bombs and one star, was diagnosed with rectal cancer by doctors due to the serious effects of nuclear radiation. After a long period of treatment, the hospital issued several notices of critical illness and informed the Party Central Committee and his family.
After hearing the news that his best friend was critically ill, Yang Zhenning, who was far away in the United States, immediately took a recent flight to China, hoping to see Deng Jiaxian for the last time.
When Yang Zhenning rushed to the Beijing Hospital, he looked at Deng Jiaxian, who was skinny on the bed, and the wordless tears slowly fell. When the two old friends met, it was like opening a conversation box, tiannanhaibei had nothing to talk about, Yang Zhenning suddenly turned his words and asked: "Jia Xian, I dare to ask, what did the state say after you studied the two bombs for China?" ”
Only to see Deng Jiaxian slowly stretch out his hand, Yang Zhenning was already in tears after seeing it!
Left Deng Jiaxian Right Yang Zhenning
So, what exactly does deng Jiaxian's outstretched two fingers represent?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > patriotic engraved in the heart</h1>
On June 25, 1924, Deng Jiaxian was born in Huaining County, Anhui Province, into a family of scholars, his father Deng Yijing had studied in the United States in the late Qing Dynasty, and after returning from his studies, he became a professor of philosophy at Peking University.
Deng Jiaxian's family
The influence of the family made Deng Jiaxian particularly interested in learning from an early age, and Deng Jiaxian, who was in primary school, had already read the Four Books and Five Classics with the help of his father, and some foreign literary works were also deeply loved by Deng Jiaxian.
A person's study is always boring, and Deng Jiaxian was madly obsessed with flying kites and shaking empty bamboo. The father could not do anything about the naughty Deng Jiaxian, because the son was too smart, a lot of knowledge could be learned, and he could also give an example. Therefore, his father would not use the Confucian ethics to restrain Deng Jiaxian's nature.
In 1936, Deng Jiaxian was admitted to Beiping Chongde Middle School, and Yang Zhenning also studied in this middle school, because of the relationship between his father, Yang Zhenning and Deng Jiaxian soon became friends. Yang Zhenning's father, Yang Huzhi, not only shared the same hometown as Deng Jiaxian's father in Anhui, but also went to the United States to study together, but later Yang Huzhi became a professor at Tsinghua University, and Deng Yizhi went to Peking University.
In middle school, Yang Zhenning often took care of Deng Jiaxian as an older brother, and excellent people always had strange chemical reactions when they got together. Yang Zhenning and Deng Jiaxian often discussed academic exchange experiences together, and for a long time the two influenced each other and developed a strong interest in mathematics and physics.
Under the influence of Yang Zhenning, Deng Jiaxian changed his childhood playful habits and began to study seriously in books all day. Deng Jiaxian, who studied both arts and sciences, was able to independently read foreign literary works in his first year of high school, and those obscure English was only another simple language for Deng Jiaxian.
In the turbulent old society, being able to read quietly was a luxury. Deng Jiaxian also did not expect that his peaceful life would be broken by the cruel war.
The July 7 Incident
On July 7, 1937, the "Lugou Bridge" incident occurred, and Peiping fell! When the Japanese army occupied Peiping, they forced the citizens to march on the streets to celebrate the so-called victory of the Japanese army!
After the Japanese army captured Peiping, because Deng Jiaxian's father suffered from a serious lung disease and could not evacuate at the first time, Deng Jiaxian's family was stranded in the occupied area, and the family's income was also cut off, and they could only rely on their past savings to survive.
Deng Jiaxian had personally seen the Japanese army force the people to march in the streets to celebrate the victory of the Japanese army, and at that moment, Deng Jiaxian, who was only 13 years old, clenched his fists, and hatred for the invaders surged into his heart!
After the complete fall of Peiping, an old friend of his father soon sought an errand in the puppet government established by the Japanese army. Suddenly, one day, this uninvited guest came to visit, and after Deng Yijing and his old friend chatted for a few words, the other party suddenly revealed his fox tail, wanting Deng Yijing to follow him to the puppet government to help Japan build a Japanese-occupied area.
After Deng Yijing learned of his friend's intentions, he directly scolded: "Get out!" ”
Deng Yi sting
In the face of the great national righteousness, Deng Yijing chose to stand with the great righteousness, even though the family could not open the pot at that time, but still turned his face with his close friend and resolutely refused to go to the puppet government.
This episode had a profound impact on Deng Jiaxian, helping the young Deng Jiaxian to establish correct values.
In October 1938, after the fall of Hankou in Hubei Province, the Japanese army forced the people and students of Beiping to take to the streets to cheer for the atrocities of the Japanese army, and the crowd lined up in long queues waving the Japanese flag and shouting in the streets. Most people are forced by the obscenity of the Japanese and dare not speak out.
Deng Jiaxian, who was only 14 years old, could not bear the humiliation, and took advantage of the fact that the patrolling Japanese troops were not paying attention, angrily tore up a Japanese flag, threw it on the ground, and twisted it with his feet several times.
When Deng Jiaxian's middle school teacher saw this scene, he was worried that his actions would bring disaster to the Deng family, so he just hurriedly found Deng Yijing and told him: "You should still take the children out of Beiping as soon as possible." After Listening to the teacher's words, Deng Yijing was first stunned, and then the teacher told Deng Yijing about the parade on the street.
Hearing the teacher finish speaking, Deng Yijing's original nervous expression suddenly relaxed, he was proud of what his son had done. However, forced by the brutality of the Japanese, Deng Yi had no choice but to let his eldest daughter take Deng Jia to Kunming, Yunnan Province.
Family portrait of the Deng family
Before leaving, my father looked at Deng Jiaxian and instructed him reluctantly: "Jia'er, you have been brilliant since you were a child, but your father always wanted you to study liberal arts, but now the current situation in China, how can you study literature well?" Nothing can save this dark world! I only hope that you will study science after you leave home, and that learning science will be useful to the country! ”
Deng Jia first looked at his father's expectant gaze, nodded his head heavily, and then said goodbye to his brother: "Brother Mao, I am only full of hatred and no tears now. ”
Although he is only 14 years old, the two words of patriotism have been deeply engraved in Deng Jiaxian's heart.
After several twists and turns, the eldest sister took Deng Jia to Kunming, Yunnan first, and when she found that Yunnan was not safe at this time, the eldest sister immediately decided to send Deng Jia to Sichuan first.
Deng Jiaxian came to Sichuan to continue his schooling, at this time he had a knowledge far beyond his peers, after an exam, Deng Jiaxian directly transferred to the Sichuan Jiangjin National No. 9 Middle School to study in the third year of high school.
Sichuan Ezu National Ninth Junior High School
One day after school, Deng Jia was walking first on the way home, and suddenly the roar of the plane was heard overhead, and Deng Jia hurried to find a bunker.
The Japanese bombardment poured out artillery shells madly, and suddenly the explosions in the surrounding villages sounded, and the screams, curses, and cries reached Deng Jiaxian's ears.
At that moment, Deng Jiaxian clenched his fists and stared dead at the Bombers of the Japanese Army in the air, and at this moment he finally understood that at this time, China was being bullied, and there was no resistance to even one shot and one shot in the face of air raids, even in the rear, there would never be a peaceful day!
Japanese bombing
In the autumn of 1941, after the end of the college entrance examination, Deng Jiaxian was admitted to Southwest United University with excellent results, Southwest United University was established in the special period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, by the merger of Tsinghua, Peking University, Nankai three universities to establish, although the conditions are particularly simple, but the collection of teachers of the three famous schools, has a very good academic atmosphere.
After the separation of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Yang Zhenning also studied at Southwest United University, and according to his recollection: "The physics I learned in Kunming has reached the highest level in the world at that time. ”
From Yang Zhenning's recollection, we can see how terrifying the academic level of Southwest Union University really is.
Southwestern Union University
In the study and life of southwest United University, Deng Jiaxian, who was originally lively and naughty, seemed to have changed into a person, bid farewell to all unnecessary social interactions, held back a fierce force, and studied hard like crazy.
Yang Zhenning looked at Deng Jiaxian's change, and his heart just silently shouted for his best friend, and many years later, Yang Zhenning wrote in an article remembering Deng Jiaxian:
"If one day any director were to shoot a biography of Deng Jiaxian, I would suggest that he use a song from the 1950s and 1940s, called "Good Boys in China"! At that time, Deng Jiaxian and all the teachers and students of southwest United University sang this inspiring song, and they were painstakingly pursuing China's dream of a strong country in the era when China was being slaughtered. ”
Victory in the War of Resistance
In August 1945, the news of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression spread throughout the land of Shenzhou, and Deng Jiaxian also happened to graduate from Southwest United University at this time. He joined the Democratic Youth League, working to promote the revolutionary movement "against civil war, against peace".
In the summer of 1946, Deng Jiaxian returned to Beiping, where he had been away for a long time, and was hired as an assistant professor in the Physics Department of Peking University.
During his tenure at Peking University, Deng Jiaxian recalled in his mind what his father had said, "Science saves the country," and at this time he profoundly understood: If China is not invaded by foreign enemies, only by mastering cutting-edge science and technology is the last word, and only when the barrel of his own gun is hardened, the enemy does not dare to step into China!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="42" > did not dare to forget the country</h1>
In 1948, after a period of consideration, Deng Jiaxian finally made up his mind to leave the motherland where he was raised and cross the ocean to study in the United States, which was more advanced in science and technology. Before leaving, a college friend of Deng Jiaxian found him: "The bleak days of China are about to clear, please stay in China in the future!" ”
Deng Jia first smiled lightly after listening to the words of his old classmates and said, "In the future, the motherland needs to build and need talents, and I will definitely come back after I finish my studies!" Deng Jia said first, and the two people looked at each other and smiled at the same time: "One word is certain!" ”
With such a scientific determination to save the country, Yang Zhenning and Deng Jiaxian successively crossed the United States.
In 1949, when Deng Jiaxian was still a graduate student in the Physics Department of Purdue University in the United States to prepare for a doctorate, Yang Zhenning had already obtained a doctorate in the Department of Physics at the University of Chicago and was engaged in research in the United States.
Deng Jiaxian is not far behind Yang Zhenning, an old friend, he studied hard during his further studies in the United States, because of his father, Deng Jiaxian's English foundation is very solid, so he does not have to spend time in English classes, will devote himself to physics, and even earned the first bucket of gold in the United States, and received a large scholarship.
In the United States, Deng Jiaxian sank his heart to study, three years of doctoral program, Deng Jiaxian with extraordinary efforts and talents, only one year and eleven months, he got a doctorate in the Department of Physics of Purdue University in the United States. Because Deng Jiaxian was only 26 years old when he received the title of doctor, he was always called "Dr. Doll" by his friends.
Dr. Doll
In the 1950s, if the United States had a sky-high wage job for you, would you choose to stay in the United States or return to the wasted and impoverished New China? Deng Jia gave the answer first.
After successfully passing the doctoral thesis, the school's supervisors and friends in the same window tried their best to keep Deng Jiaxian to live and work in the United States. However, on the ninth day after obtaining his doctorate, Deng Jiaxian resolutely gave up the more superior life and work in the United States and took a ship back to the poor and white New China.
On August 29, 1950, Deng Jiaxian, Qian Xuesen, Zhao Zhongyao and more than 100 other students studying in the United States embarked on the road of returning to the motherland.
President Wilson Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian and other international students took a group photo
Two years ago, Deng Jiaxian had an agreement with his friend: "I will come back after I finish my studies." Now Deng Jiaxian fulfilled this promise.
The new China, which had just escaped the century-old humiliation of the great powers, stood up, but what followed was a lingering "nuclear threat."
During the Period of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the United States made several nuclear threats against China, which made the leaders of the countries know very well that if they want to get rid of the nuclear shadow, they must have nuclear weapons!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="55" > having a sword in your hand and having a sword in your hand are not two different things! </h1>
Nuclear
Under the nuclear threat of major powers, China must make a strategy of building nuclear weapons, not only to build nuclear weapons, but more importantly, fast!
On February 11, 1958, Qian Sanqiang suddenly found Deng Jiaxian and said: "The state is preparing to put a big 'cannon battle' and wants to invite you to participate. ”
Although Qian Sanqiang's words were already very metaphorical, the clever Deng Jiaxian instantly understood what he meant: "The country is going to build an atomic bomb!" ”
After separating from Qian Sanqiang, Deng Jia returned home first, and a person lay quietly on the bed and turned over.
Deng Jiaxian and His Wife
When His wife Xu Luxi called him to get up and eat, Deng Jiaxian suddenly sat up from the bed and said to his wife, "I'm going to transfer my work!" Madame hurriedly asked, "Where to go?" He said, "Can't say." The wife asked, "What are you going to do?" He said, "Can't say." ”
One question three can not say, Xu Luxi is very reasonable, know that her husband is going to do a big cause, so in desperation, Xu Luxi asked again: "You tell me the mailbox number, I will write to you!" Deng Jiaxian said, "You can't say it." ”
Xu Luxi knew that her husband must have bitter feelings, otherwise he would not have said anything about his work.
Deng Jia first saw that his wife was no longer writing, so he went to his wife's ear and instructed: "This family will depend on you from now on, and my life will be dedicated to the work to be done in the future." If I do this well, I will live a very worthwhile life for the rest of my life, even if it is worth dying for it! ”
Qian Xuesen Deng Jiaxian
After saying goodbye to his wife, Deng Jiaxian was appointed head of the design of China's atomic bomb theory, and since then he has evaporated like a human being and has never appeared in public again.
After the Sino-Soviet breakup, the Soviet Union said that China would not be able to build an atomic bomb even if it took another 20 years, and the CIA also put down its bold words, and China would not want to build an atomic bomb in 50 years.
Most countries in the world do not feel that China has built the atomic bomb on its own, after all, it took the United States 6 years to develop the atomic bomb, and the scientists involved in it have at least 14 Nobel Prize winners.
Many of the teams led by Deng Jiaxian are just college students who have just graduated from college, and it is this group of "rabble-rousers" who use countless pens and countless tons of white paper to record countless data with abacuses and slide rules, and the amount of numbers they calculate is unimaginable, and several rooms are filled with calculation formula paper, and then a sack and a sack are pulled out.
Qian Xuesen
After countless calculations, the team led by Deng Jiaxian finally directly overturned the data left to us by the Soviet Union and determined the correct exposition.
Even the mathematician Hua Luogeng, after understanding the algorithm formulas of these people, said: "The world's mathematical problems are the greatest achievements." ”
In 1961, after three years of calculations, Deng Jiaxian and his team did not open the door to the world of atomic energy, and Chinese also determined the theory and blueprint of the atomic bomb design by virtue of their own strength!
In the early morning of October 16, 1964, the originally silent desert of Lop Nur in Xinjiang was crowded with people, and China's first atomic bomb was slowly hoisted onto a 102-meter-high iron tower, and everyone held their breath and waited for the order to detonate.
“10、9、8...2、1”
The first atomic bomb exploded
When the operator Han Yunti pressed the heart-touching button, a huge sun-like fireball took off, and when the heat came into contact with the dust on the ground, a spectacular mushroom cloud appeared in front of everyone's eyes.
That thunder made all parts of the motherland rejoice, and also made the whole world dumbfounded.
This mushroom cloud has made the world re-understand China, and also allowed the descendants of Yanhuang to raise their eyebrows!
When the whole world was shocked by this loud noise, what many people did not know was that Deng Jiaxian led his team and had begun to prepare the design theory of the hydrogen bomb.
On June 17, 1967, China's first hydrogen bomb detonated, this time by airdrop! The explosion of the hydrogen bomb made China the fourth country in the world to possess a hydrogen bomb.
H-bomb
After foreign countries learned of the success of China's hydrogen bomb test, they once again fell into a short period of silence. After a long time, foreigners reacted and used only two words to describe China: "miracle."
That's right! It's a miracle!
From the atomic bomb to the hydrogen bomb, it took the United States seven years and four months, the Soviet Union four years, the United Kingdom four years and seven months, France eight years and six months...
And China! It only took two years and eight months!
In 1971, Sino-US relations gradually improved, and after Yang Zhenning, who had already won the Nobel Prize, returned to China for the first time, he went to the Party Central Committee to ask for a list of relatives and friends, the most important of which was to meet his former close friend Deng Jiaxian!
Premier Zhou turned to send Deng Jiaxian to Beijing, and when Yang Zhenning and Deng Jiaxian met, they immediately embraced each other. These two close friends, who grew up from childhood, have not seen each other for more than 20 years since the United States parted ways.
Yang Zhenning knew that China could create a miracle, and if the atomic bomb and hydrogen bomb detonated in a short period of time, he must be inseparable from Deng Jiaxian, because he knew Deng Jiaxian's ability too well and did not lose himself at all! So Yang Zhenning talked to Deng Jiaxian for a while and then turned sharply and asked, "Where do you work now?" ”
Because of the confidentiality regulations, Deng Jiaxian only vaguely returned: "Working in the field." ”
Seeing Deng Jiaxian's words flickering, Yang Zhenning went straight to the point: "Who is Oppenheimer of China?" (Father of the American Atomic Bomb)
Deng Jiaxian looked at Yang Zhenning's eager pursuit of answers, smiled slightly, and did not speak. Yang Zhenning then asked: "China can create two bombs and one star in a short period of time, under the national conditions of poverty and whiteness, and Westerners always feel that this is a miracle." Therefore, it is rumored that the American scientist Han Chun (a famous American female physicist, an international communist fighter, who participated in the Manhattan Project, the first person in China's green card) has participated in the research and development of China's atomic and hydrogen bombs. ”
Hearing Yang Zhenning's question, Deng Jiaxian smiled again, then shook his head and said, "There should be none... I can help you confirm the exact situation. ”
In order to avoid suspicion, Yang Zhenning and Deng Jia chatted for a while and then separated. A few days later, Yang Zhenning decided to leave for the United States, and just as he was packing his bags at the guest house to return to the United States, a staff member suddenly came to his room and handed Yang Zhenning a letter.
Yang Zhenning Deng Jiaxian
The letter was sent by Deng Jiaxian, who wrote: "In addition to receiving assistance from the Soviet Union before 1959, whether it is an atomic bomb or a hydrogen bomb, it was developed by Chinese, and I am among them." ”
After Reading this letter, Yang Zhenning's tears instantly gushed out, although he was already a Nobel Prize winner, but compared with Deng Jiaxian's merits, it was not worth mentioning at all.
Between 1964 and 1979, China underwent several more nuclear tests, and in one of the 1979 nuclear tests, an accident occurred that ultimately deprived China's great scientists of their lives.
During a nuclear test in 1979, nuclear weapons were thrown from high altitudes, but the nuclear weapons did not produce mushroom clouds. Deng Jiaxian, who was the head of the nuclear weapons design at the time, directly pushed everyone away, quickly walked to a jeep, and personally started the car to the site of the accident to investigate the cause.
When Deng Jia first rushed to the site of the accident, he found that it was not the nuclear weapon that had a problem, but that the parachute mounted on the nuclear weapon could not be opened, which caused the nuclear weapon to fall straight and fell to the ground.
Zuo Deng Jiaxian and Zhao Jingpu
However, just as Deng Jia was carefully investigating the fragments of the nuclear weapons, an accident occurred. After retrieving the unexploded nuclear warhead, he suffered a deadly nuclear radiation!
Deng Jiaxian said to himself on the returning car: "Do you know what is most easily absorbed by radioactive plutonium after entering the human body?" He replied himself, "Bone marrow! Then he said, "Do you know how long the half-life is after entering the human body?" He replied to himself, "200 years!" ”
Yes, after Deng Jia was first exposed to nuclear radiation, the radioactive elements had already penetrated deep into Deng Lao's bone marrow. Since then, Deng Lao has suffered from nuclear radiation for 6 years.
On July 31, 1985, Deng Jiaxian, who was getting older and older, returned to Beijing to work first, and General Zhang Aiping, the minister of national defense, personally received Deng Jiaxian.
Therefore, he immediately arranged for someone to conduct a medical examination of Deng Jiaxian. This investigation did not matter, the doctor diagnosed Deng Jiaxian with rectal cancer due to nuclear radiation.
Due to the radiation, the number of white blood cells in Deng Lao's body was too low to operate, so Deng Lao spent another year in the pain and suffering.
From being diagnosed with rectal cancer to 1986, this period of time was a happy time for Deng Jiaxian, because he finally had time to spend time with his wife, who loved him deeply.
As Deng Jiaxian's health deteriorated, the Central Military Commission felt that it could not let deng Jiaxian, a great scientist who had given everything for the country, leave silently, so the People's Liberation Army Daily and the People's Daily successively published an article entitled "Two Bombs founding fathers--- Deng Jiaxian." Let Deng Jiaxian's name appear in the eyes of the Chinese people for the first time.
At this time, the Chinese people knew that in their own country, there was actually a hero who had been hidden for more than 30 years and silently guarded the dawn people!
When Yang Zhenning learned that his close friend Deng Jiaxian was seriously ill, he resolutely returned to China to visit Deng Jiaxian despite the persuasion of the US government.
Looking at his old friend who was already skinny, Yang Zhenning's eyes were left with tears, and Deng Jiaxian only silently advised him not to be sad, people will eventually die.
Deng Jiaxian Yang Zhenning
In order to ease the atmosphere, Yang Zhenning wanted to mention some happy things, he knew that Deng Jiaxian, as the founder of the two bombs, the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb were the pride of his life, so he suddenly asked: "Jia Xian, I dare to ask, after you studied the two bombs for China, what did the state say?" ”
Deng Jiaxian stretched out his hand tremblingly, and when Yang Zhenning saw it, tears poured out again.
In fact, the state has prepared a total of 20,000 yuan for the development of atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, but there are too many people participating in the research and development of nuclear weapons, and no one is willing to take the credit alone, so the state will divide the 20,000 bonuses equally among everyone, and everyone gets 20 yuan, 10 yuan for atomic bombs, and 10 yuan for hydrogen bombs.
On July 17, 1986, Deng Jiaxian received the National Model Worker Medal and Certificate issued by the Party Central Committee. On July 29, Deng Jiaxian died of cancer and hemorrhage. In the moments before his death, Deng Jiaxian's last words were: "Don't... Let the family... Leave us too far away..."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="111" > unparalleled</h1>
a memorial service for the destination of the company
Deng Jiaxian left his beloved motherland and people, and his wife informed Yang Zhenning of the news of her husband's death, saying in the letter: "If there is reincarnation in life, Jiaxian will still choose this path." ”
Deng Jia is the backbone of the Chinese nation and the soul of the Chinese nation!
We have a happy life today, and we should not forget Deng Jiaxian's name, nor should we forget the scientists who built for the national defense of the motherland.
China has a national soldier, which is unparalleled in the world!
There are 23 people in the "Two Bombs and One Star Founder", can you leave their names in the comments section?