Ordinary river mussels are difficult to raise pearls, generally choose to raise pearl mussels or spinnaker mussels, two years of nucleus, three years of planting, five years of mussels, 80-120 spinnaker mussels can breed about 500 grams of seedless pearls. Breeding method: single hanging method of breeding is good, the environment of the mussel waters requires sunny ventilation, water depth of more than 1m, no aquatic plants, weak flowing water, neutral water quality, to prevent toxic sewage from entering the pearl farm, the mussel is raised in the water layer with the richest food.
Presumably, everyone should be very familiar with pearls, which have a high ornamental value and are made into a variety of jewelry products, and are loved by female friends. And pearls can also be ground into powder, with the effect of whitening and freckle removal. We all know that pearls are generally produced in river mussels, so how can we raise this kind of river mussel with long pearls?
How river mussels raise pearls
First, the breeding method
1, the pond breeding area should be adapted to local conditions, small ponds for 3-5 acres, large ponds from more than ten acres to dozens of acres, water quality is generally fatter, bait organisms are abundant, ponds can be mixed culture of grass carp, bream, crucian carp, should not be stocked with competitive fish such as silver carp, etc., do not stock carnivorous fish such as bluefish, snakehead and so on.
2, to choose a pollution-free river, oxygen is sufficient, fresh water quality, water body is in a flowing state, material exchange is sufficient, suitable for the growth of spinnaker mussels.
3, if you choose lakes, reservoirs, etc., the water area should be larger, choose the shallow waters on the shore or bend for pearl mussel culture, the water fluidity should be good, the water quality should be clear, and the dissolved oxygen should be rich.
2. Precautions
1. Cultured pearl mussels should pay attention to these three points: water quality environment, mussel culture technology, and selection of varieties for polyculture of fish beads.
2. When breeding pearl mussels, fish can be polycultured in the breeding pond, such as crucian carp, silver carp, silver carp, yellow spicy ding and other fish species, but can not be polycultured catfish, mullet and other vicious fish.
3, in the polyculture of fish, do not mix fish with diseased pearl mussels, otherwise it will lead to the death of pearl mussels and fish, if the occurrence of diseased pearl mussels, should be timely medication treatment.
River mussel culture technology
1. Breeding method: At present, the breeding method of river mussels mostly adopts hanging culture and cage culture. The method of hanging culture consists of single hanging and string rearing of more than two mussels on a single line. The number of cages depends on the size of the cages (net cages, net clips), and it is generally appropriate for each mussel to be able to touch the bottom of the cage.
2. Stocking density: The general mulching pond of Yuzhu River mu is 800-1200, and the outer eaves is 600-800. Culture density depends on weight fattening. The flow of water bodies, the depth of water bodies, and other physical and chemical, biological factors increase or decrease with the size of mussels.
3. Strengthen water quality management: When raising river mussels in closed and static waters without flowing water, after encountering high temperature, shallow water and low pressure, it will cause hypoxia dead mussels. Therefore, it is necessary to add water in time, change the water or keep the water fresh and oxygen content sufficient, so as to avoid the lack of oxygen in the pearl mussel and the slow growth of the mussel and the bead under low oxygen conditions.
4. Remove attachments: After the pearl mussels are suspended for a period of time, a large number of attachment mud and organisms (such as algae, freshwater sponges, polyconders, etc.) are often attached to the cages, mesh bags and mussels, which affect the growth of the pearl mussels and must be cleaned regularly. In April-October, rinse every other month.
What food the river mussels eat
The food of river mussels is mainly monocytozoans, protozoa and organic detritus, such as rotifers, flagella, green-eyed insects, chlorella, gravis, boat-shaped algae, dinoflagellates, tetragonal algae, spindle diatoms, rod star algae, crustacean debris and plant leaves. The main ones that are easily digested are diatoms.
The mussel cannot actively chase food, relying on the opening and closing of the mussel shell, the oscillation of the cilia on the inside of the inguinal membrane and the gill cilia causes water to flow, and the food enters the mussel body with the water. Food enters the mantle cavity with water, the particles move up along the gill filament to the base of the gills, and then forward to the lip flap, after the lip flap is selected, the small particles enter the mouth, and the large particles move backward from the edge of the inner gills, at the intersection of the two gills, into the mantle membrane mark to the rear end, and the two shells are violently closed and discharged from the body.
The habitat of river mussels
In the natural environment, mussels generally live in rivers, lakes, ponds, streams and other muddy, sandy or gravel. In the cold of winter and spring, the axe foot is used to excavate the mud fen, so that the mussel body part is buried in the mud and sand, the anterior ventral edge is down, the back edge is up, and only the hind edge of the shell is exposed for breathing feeding. When it is hot, it is mostly exposed to the mud. Toothless mussels generally live on muddy bottoms, in still water with a pH of 5-9, or in slow-flowing, fatter water.
The cultivation method of river mussels has been introduced here first, and I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Although river mussels can grow pearls, not every river mussel can grow, and there are certain reasons for its formation, so everyone still needs to maintain a Buddha-nature mentality.