preface
"Why do people use their right hand when they write from a young age, not their left hand?" I see it as eccentric, and I have to learn to fight, work, and live with my left hand instead of my right hand. ”
Figure 丨 Tong Yansheng
"Scud" Tong Yansheng
In 1934, in the Central Soviet Region, a red fertile land that represented the hope of China, for a time the dark clouds rolled over, the sound of killing was tremendous, and the smoke of war was shrouded everywhere, and it could not be dispersed for a long time.
The Fifth Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" campaign of the Central Red Army failed and was forced to leave Jinggangshan and carry out a strategic shift.
The Red Sixth Army in the Xianggan Su District, which had been fighting at the foot of Jinggang Mountain, was also forced to leave Yongxin City and break out to the west. For a time, the Kuomintang army spread like ants all over the land of the Xianggan Soviet Region.
The Red Army is gone, and the people who have lived in the Xianggan Soviet Zone for generations are still there. The people are the soil, and the Communist Party, which stands in solidarity with the people, cannot leave the people alone.
Under the instructions of the central authorities, the party committee of the Xianggan Border Region stayed behind and continued to lead the people in persisting in the struggle in the base areas.
The party and government organs of the Xianggan Soviet District were then transferred from Yongxincheng to the Wugong area at the junction of Lianhua, Pingxiang, and Anfu to lead the guerrilla war.
After the Kuomintang army attempted to block the main force of the Red Army, it turned back and rushed toward the party, government, and military organs in the border areas. Wherever the party, government, and military organs in the border areas went, the white army followed them like mad dogs.
Covering the transfer of the party, government, and military organs in the border areas was the Independent Third Regiment of the Xianggan Provincial Military District of the Red Army. The regiment had four infantry companies and one heavy machine gun company, with a total of 1,000 men.
The independent three regiments covered the organs through Quanshi Street and Pingxiang to the Anfu Taishan and Qianshan areas, and were about to enter the deep mountains and dense forests when a black and oppressive white army, led by an officer with a face full of flesh, suddenly rushed out of the forest village.
"Report sir, red bandits found!" A white dog ran to the panicked report of the white army officer!
Picture 丨 Jinggangshan cadres and workers commemorate the martyrs in 1968
"Brothers give it to me!" The White Officer shouted in his throat.
So the White Army shouted and pounced on the Independent Third Regiment. Liu Peishan, the political commissar of the Three Regiments, immediately suppressed his throat and shouted: "Three companies, quick, from the left side!" ”
The three companies hurried to counterattack, but before they could fully unfold, they were suppressed by the White Army.
Zhao Peishan was a little anxious, and when he was preparing to send the second company to the third company, a small soldier with a small figure but bright eyes and a bit of fortitude hanging from the corner of his mouth suddenly flashed out of the position of the third company.
He shouted, "Sanlian, follow me!" As he spoke, he saw him throw two grenades at the enemy group first, and then shout "rush" in the sound of the "boom" explosion, and the first one to rush up.
The soldier was named Tong Yansheng, a native of Anfu, Jiangxi, who was 23 years old at the time, joined the Red Army in April 1930, and was the leader of the eighth squad of the third company.
As the saying goes: birds have no head and do not fly, and ships are difficult to travel without rudder. Under the leadership of Tong Yansheng, the soldiers of the third company regained their spirits and shouted loudly: "Listen to the command of 'Scud'!" Rush with the 'Scud'! Rush bravely towards the enemy. ”
"Scud" is Tong Yansheng's nickname. Mention the origin of this nickname, there is another interesting story!
It was still tong Yansheng who was working as a long-term worker for the landlord in his hometown, and one day, he went to the mountain to collect grain and came across a hare.
Tong Yansheng kicked a small stone and tried to scare it away, but the hare did not move. Tong Yansheng ran directly towards the hare, and the hare saw someone coming and ran straight away in fright.
Picture 丨 Weigang Battle Site
In this way, Tong Yansheng chased the hare for more than 3 miles, chasing the hare to the point of exhaustion, and finally being caught alive by him.
This incident later spread in the countryside, and since then, his reputation as "Scud" has spread throughout the four townships and eight miles.
In the end, the soldiers of the three companies, under the leadership of Tong Yansheng, fought back fiercely, repelling the White Army in one fell swoop, opening a gap for the troops to advance.
In April 1938, Su Yu, commander of the first submarine detachment of the New Fourth Army, led a departure from the Qianjiang River southwest of Yansi Temple, day and night, and advanced into the rear of the enemy in southern Jiangsu to conduct strategic reconnaissance.
The second regiment of a detachment was incorporated into the advance detachment, and Tong Yansheng took part in this glorious strategic reconnaissance mission.
On June 14, Chen Yi mobilized for battle at Yanling, northeast of Maoshan Mountain. The warriors shook their fists one by one, and asked them to fight.
Liu Peishan named a total of seventy or eighty people, and publicly announced the formation of a temporary combat company, with Tong Yansheng as the company commander and Cheng Xiangyuan as the instructor.
Liu Peishan took the cadres of the temporary combat company to Su Yu's residence and listened to Su Yu announce the plan of action and the way of play.
In the afternoon, the temporary combat company, under the direct command and leadership of Su Yu, and more than 30 people from the anti-Japanese advance detachment guard squad and reconnaissance squad, a total of more than 100 people, set out from Lishui County and after a night of rapid marching, came to the railway near Xiashu Town between Nanjing and Zhenjiang.
Picture 丨 Tong Yansheng in the war years
The soldiers took out the iron and wooden sticks they carried with them, and according to Tong Yansheng's command, they unfolded in a straight line and stood on the side of the railway.
Stones were dug from under rails and sleepers, and then sticks were stuffed under the rails. But this method did not work, and Tong Yansheng went to the neighborhood to ask the people what the trick was.
I happened to meet a man who had worked as a patrolman on the railway. The Japanese came, and he did not want to serve the Japanese and ran home.
When the patrol worker heard that the New Fourth Army was going to destroy the railway and fight the Japanese army, he was so happy that he rushed home to take out his crowbar and pickaxe, handed them to Tong Yansheng, and taught him to pull the nails first and then remove the railroad tracks.
According to the method of the patrol workers, Tong Yansheng commanded the soldiers to quickly destroy the railway. They scattered the roadbed and railroad tracks, paralyzing rail transport between Shanghai, Ningbo and Zhenjiang.
After completing the task of breaking the road, the scouts of the advance detachment found that the Japanese cars on the Zhenjiang-Jurong highway were frequent, and fifty or sixty devil's cars passed through the road every day without warning.
Su Yusuo resolutely decided to set up an ambush at Weigang, 15 kilometers southwest of zhenjiang, to attack the Japanese transport convoy.
At 2:00 a.m. on the 17th, Su Yu gave the order to leave. Tong Yansheng led the fighting company to brave the heavy rain from the Lower Shu Hou Mountains and arrived at Weigang at 8:20.
Pictured Tong Yansheng with his wife Xu Min and his children
When the first vehicle of the Japanese convoy entered the ambush area, Su Yu decisively ordered the shooting. Tong Yansheng was the first to shoot as a signal for the battle to start, the machine gun squad fired head-on, and the Japanese in the car abandoned the car and fled for their lives.
After half an hour of fierce fighting, 13 Japanese soldiers such as Doi Shosa and Umezawa Takeshiro were killed, 8 Japanese soldiers were wounded, 4 cars were destroyed, and dozens of guns were surrendered.
The Battle of Weigang was the first battle of the New Fourth Army's entry into the war of resistance behind enemy lines in southern Jiangsu, and although the scale of this battle was not large, its significance was unusual.
This battle shook the south of the jiangnan river, defeated the enemy's fierce flames, greatly boosted the morale of the officers and men of the New Fourth Army, and opened the prelude to the establishment of the anti-Japanese base area in southern Jiangsu. Since then, the reputation of the New Fourth Army in Jiangnan has been greatly shocked.
The five fingers of Tong Yansheng's right hand were blown apart from the palm of his hand
In 1944, in order to put the New Fourth Army to death, the Japanese puppet army built a long blockade line on the line from Taizhou to Jiangyan and Hai'an, separating the front and rear of the Third Sub-district of the New Fourth Army.
In Zishi County, which is located north of this main road, there is a reactionary force called the "Tax Police Corps".
The "Taxation Police Regiment" was originally the LianghuaiYan Police, with four regiments and about 4,000 people, and because of the support of He Yingqin, it was able to gain a foothold in northern Jiangsu.
The commander of the "Tax Police Corps" is Chen Taiyun, a graduate of the first phase of the Whampoa Military Academy. After the decisive battle of Huangqiao of the New Fourth Army, Chen Taiyun secretly hooked up with the Japanese puppet army and constantly commanded the troops to attack and harass the past units of the New Fourth Army, in fact, he had long been reduced to a hardcore traitor.
Around the "TaxAtion Police Regiment," there were also two units that had been split off from the Kuomintang army, one for the "Wild Third Brigade" and one for the "Joint Resistance."
Although they all flaunted the banner of anti-Japanese resistance, they adopted a neutral attitude of no war and no peace with the Japanese puppet army in order to preserve their troop strength and area of activity.
In order to win over all the anti-Japanese forces, our Party has sent people to explain the situation to them on many occasions and has done a lot of work, but due to the existence of the "Tax Police Corps," these two units have been undecided and have been waiting and watching, and so on.
In order to expand the anti-Japanese base areas and consolidate the rear areas, the Soviet Central Military Region of the New Fourth Army decided to crusade against the arrogant and extremely harmful "tax police regiment" and to educate and win over the "Third Wild Brigade" and the "Joint Resistance" to embark on the road of resistance against Japan.
On September 21, the battle against the "Tax Police Corps" began. Tong Yansheng served as the political commissar of the Third Regiment of Soviet-Chinese Secret Agents as the main attacker.
The "Tax Police Corps" is guarded in the area of Zhangyouzhuang in Zishi County, which is a water network area without boats and difficult to pass, and the terrain is favorable to the enemy, easy to defend and difficult to attack.
In addition, Chen Taiyun took the mountain as the king, built many tall and strong bunkers on one small island after another, and carried out extremely deep stubborn education, so the attack of our army brought great difficulties.
By the beginning of October, the three regiments of secret agents finally attacked the outskirts of Zhang Youzhuang at a great cost of casualties.
Tong Yansheng led his troops to attack the command post of the "Tax Police Regiment," but the enemy threw out home-made grenades with extremely lethal power and exploded on the ground, which caught the three regiments of secret agents by surprise and hurriedly shrunk their troops.
Tong Yansheng hurriedly ran to the middle of the soldiers to discuss countermeasures, and finally decided to fight again with the tactic of "using fast to make fast", and the result was a successful attack in one fell swoop and captured Zhang Youzhuang's position.
In the middle of the picture is Tong Yansheng
Chen Taiyun saw that the New Fourth Army had attacked Zhuanglai, and hurriedly led the remnants to flee in the direction of Shiyan.
Tong Yansheng and Wu Baimei pursued each other desperately, and at Shiyan they annihilated another "tax police regiment".
A large number of home-made grenades were captured while cleaning up the battlefield. At this time, the troops gathered, and Tong Yansheng immediately picked up one from the ground, walked to the front of the team, held an earthen grenade in his right hand, and waved his left arm as a battle summary:
"The battle against the 'Tax Police Corps' has been a major victory and the fighting is still going on, but the ammunition we have brought with us is almost exhausted. If we want to completely destroy the enemy, we must learn to arm ourselves with the weapons of the enemy we have captured, especially to learn to use this homemade grenade..."
Because no one can use it, Tong Yansheng is ready to study it himself first, so he took the earthen bomb in his hand and looked at it for a while, and then walked to a slope to prepare to personally try to cast one.
Guard Chen Defeng was afraid that Tong Yansheng would try to pull the grenade to pop out of danger, chased a few steps, ran forward and shouted: "Chief, don't use the grenade." ”
Chen Defeng's voice did not fall, Tong Yansheng had raised his right hand, pulled the string with his left hand, but before the grenade could be thrown out, it exploded with a "bang" in his hand!
Suddenly, the five fingers of Tong Yansheng's right hand were blown apart from the palm of his hand.
A few days later, the battle against the "Tax Police Corps" ended in victory. The most stubborn enemy was defeated, and the two teams of the "Wild Third Brigade" and the "Joint Resistance" were scattered and watching.
The fourth from the left in the front row of the picture is Tong Yansheng
Later, these two units were incorporated into the Northern Jiangsu Military Region and participated in the great counteroffensive of the Japanese army in 1945.
After Tong Yansheng was injured, Chen Defeng and others immediately supported the small boat and sent him to the rear hospital of the Northern Jiangsu Military Region in Taitung through the layers of blockade lines of the Japanese puppet army. Doctors immediately amputated his leg from his wrist.
The day after Tong Yansheng was injured and amputated, he began to use his left hand to practice eating, writing, shooting guns and taking care of life.
Xiao Chen saw that when he was eating, the chopsticks twisted and stunned that he could not clip the rice, so he found a small spoon for him, but he did not use it, and used chopsticks as usual.
Xiao Chen secretly helped him do something, and when he saw it, he patiently advised: "Xiao Chen, the road of revolution is still very long, in order to let me do a good job, let me practice more, practice makes perfect." ”
One night, Tong Yansheng practiced writing. Chen Defeng came to deliver water, saw that his left hand was swollen like a carrot, and said sadly: "Commissar Tong, it's time to rest." ”
Tong Yansheng stopped the pen in his hand and suddenly asked, "Xiao Chen, why do you say that people use their right hands when they write from a young age, not their left hands?" ”
Without waiting for Xiao Chen to answer, he continued: "It is eccentricity." I had to learn to fight, work and live with my left hand instead of my right hand, and of course I had to write beautiful words. ”
Picture 丨 Tong Yansheng prosthetic (from the Memorial Hall of the Jiangnan Headquarters of the New Fourth Army)
Faith is the mother who creates miracles. Tong Yansheng later wrote a beautiful pen with his left hand. His son's comrades-in-arms also copied his letters as hard-pen letters.
The wife saw that her husband had swollen his left hand for work and life, and painfully pulled his left hand to his chest and gently stroked it, and wished her husband a miracle with the hand he left behind.
The old Red Army boy Yansheng will always maintain his true colors
In the summer of 1980, Tong Yansheng, as deputy commander of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Region, went to Shanghai for medical treatment, stayed in the Yan'an Hotel, and ate in the canteen of cadres at and above the military level.
When the waiter was delivering the food, he came together and "whoops" - the shoulder of the shirt was torn by a large hole, and the skin and flesh were exposed.
The two young men sitting next to them heard the sound of their clothes tearing, cast surprised eyes, and smiled: "Chief, your shirt should have been sent to the museum a long time ago!" Well, you're also a founding major general! ”
Tong Yansheng smiled and said to the two young people, "We old guys are poor people, and during the Red Army, I also wore the clothes of women captured from the homes of local tycoons!" ”
Picture 丨 Weigang Battle Victory Monument
"Of course, the times are evolving, and you young people should eat better and dress better. But at any time, don't forget to work hard. ”
Tong Yansheng's shirt torn in Shanghai did not go unnoticed, and soon spread to the compound of the Jiangsu Provincial Military Region.
Some people say that he "cuts the door", some say that he is "conservative", but the vast number of insiders praise him for being strict and generous, helping others, and being hard and simple...
The old chief of the command said that in three years of natural disasters, in order to reduce the burden on the country,
Tong Yansheng first returned the cooks who were cared for by the organization, and actively responded to the call of his superiors to build a shed behind his house to raise chickens, ducks, rabbits and other poultry and livestock.
When these small things grew up, he was reluctant to eat them himself, but let the civil servants distribute them to his neighbors and poor households.
A director of the former headquarters said that at that time, there were many children in my family, life was difficult, commander Tong as long as he made tofu, he was allowed to have a share of me, whenever I and the whole family ate tofu made by the one-armed old man, my heart was always warm.
There was an old vegetable farmer near the provincial military district, who was still a bachelor in his sixties, and usually had no strength to work without tobacco and alcohol, but in that year, tobacco and alcohol were divided according to the head of people, and everyone was difficult.
In order to let the old vegetable farmer grow a variety of dishes and grow good vegetables, Tong Yansheng actually quit smoking and alcohol, and gave him one of his own, and the smoking addict took the cigarette butt to his nose and smelled it.
Picture 丨 In 1980, Tong Yansheng was telling the young pioneers the story of the battle that year
A retired old carpenter of the headquarters said to a few young people who thought that Tong Yansheng was "cutting the door": In the 60s, my wife collapsed on the bed, several children were small, and life was very difficult, commander Tong knew about it and gave me the vegetables he planted every three or five minutes.
The old carpenter was very touched and said, "It's not easy for you to plant a little vegetable with one arm, so keep it for yourself." But he said, "It doesn't matter, whose family is not happy yet has a difficulty."
A chief of a neighbor who lived in Tong Yansheng said that the old boy was still a model of respecting the old and loving the young.
Tong Yansheng grew up with two parents, there was only one cousin in his hometown, after liberation he took his cousin out to go to college, and after graduating from college, he was catching up with Zhibian, he mobilized his nephew to work in Xinjiang from the interior, and now he has become a high-level intellectual.
His wife Xu Min's father died very early, and his mother was inconvenient to live alone, so he took the initiative to take the old man to his home.
The old man has no teeth, it is difficult to eat, whenever the family eats meat, he especially cares for the nanny to steam the minced meat into a meat cake or make a ball for the old man to eat. Every time he went to the street, he first bought something that the old man liked to eat.
Year after year, day after day, the old man lived with them for more than 30 years until he died in his 90s.
Figure 丨 Tong Yansheng used items
Before the old man died, he said, "If there had not been such a good son-in-law, my old bones would have been destroyed long ago." ”
After the Jiangsu Provincial Press Photo Agency learned of Tong Yansheng's deeds of respecting the elderly and loving children, it sent two photojournalists to his home to take pictures of him and his mother-in-law.
After warmly receiving the reporter and sitting down, he said: "Respecting the elderly and loving the young has been such a rule since ancient times, this is the virtue of the Chinese nation, and what I have done is nothing." After saying that, he shirked something and hid out.
The nanny in his family recalled Tong Yansheng saying: The chief loves to study, listens to the news broadcast every morning, and watches TV news in the evening.
He is strict not only on himself, but also on his family, even the nanny at home.
In order to make everyone politically consistent with the Party Central Committee, he saw any good articles in the newspaper, drew a red bar, and organized everyone to study together in the evening.
Tong Yansheng loves to learn and cares about major national affairs, that is, at the last moment of his life course, when he can't read books and newspapers, he still lets his wife and children read to him.
Figure 丨 Tomb of General Tong Yansheng
After Tong Yansheng's death in 1985, the son cleaned up the relics on his father's hospital bed, and found many books and newspapers he had read from the bottom of the pillow, next to the bed, and under the mattress, as well as some letters that his father had treasured as treasures before his death, and he burst into tears in an instant. Sighed: "In my heart, he is a truly great man. I must learn from my father and always follow the party! ”