Zhang Zhi, born circa 766 AD, died circa 830. Zi Wenchang was a famous poet of the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and a native of Wujiang Town, Hezhou Wujiang, which is now Anhui And County. He was known as "Zhang Shuibu" and "Zhang Siye" by later generations. Zhang Zhi was also a student of the famous Tang Dynasty writer and thinker Han Yu, and his most prominent achievement was in the lefu poetry, and he and another poet at that time, Wang Jian, were equally famous, and the two were called "Zhang Wang Lefu" by later generations. His representative works include "Plugged Down Song", "Conscription Of Women's Complaints", "Lotus Picking Song", "Autumn Thoughts" and so on. The above is a basic introduction to Zhang Yuan.
Zhang Yuan
In the early years of Emperor Dezong's reign, Zhang Studied poetry with Wang Jian in Weizhou, and then returned to his hometown and prefecture. In the twelfth year of Zhenyuan, that is, in 796, another poet at that time, Mengjiao, came to Hezhou to visit The Book of Cologne. After two years, when Zhang Zhi was traveling to the north, through mengjiao's matchmaking, he met Han Yu, who was already famous at that time, in Bianzhou. So Zhang Zhi went to Han Yu as a teacher to learn poetry from him. In the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan, through Han Yu's recommendation and his own efforts, he passed the jinshi examination and began his official career. In the first year of the Yuan Dynasty, that is, in 806, he held the position of Taizhu of Taichang Temple, and in the process of holding this position, he also met the poet Bai Juyi, and after that, the two often exchanged and exchanged ideas with each other, which had a major impact on the poetry creation of both of them in the future. Zhang Zhi worked in Taizhu's position for ten years, and because he suffered from eye diseases, he almost lost sight in both eyes, so people during the Ming Dynasty called him "Poor Blind Zhang Taizhu". It was not until the eleventh year of Yuan He that he was promoted and served as an assistant teacher of the Guozijian, and his eye disease slowly healed. Since then, he has also served as a secretary Lang and Dr. Kuniko.
That's all there is to it. The most important thing he left to posterity is his Lefu poems, which had a great influence on the poets of the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties.
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Which dynasty did Zhang Zhi belong to?
Which dynasty is Zhang Yuan? Zhang Zhi lived in the era of the Tang Dynasty, he was a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, the character Wenchang, was a native of Wujiang, Hezhou, which is today's Wujiang Town, Hexian County, Anhui. He is a Han Chinese, and he has migrated to Hezhou in his ancestors, so he is a native of Wujiang, Hezhou. Zhang Zhi is known as "Zhang Siye" and "Zhang Shuibu", Zhang Zhi is the eldest disciple of Han Men, his Lefu poems are juxtaposed with Wang Jian, and Zhang Zhi's famous poems include "Autumn Thoughts" and "Sai Xia Qu".
Portrait of Zhang
According to Ma Zhen's "Yunxian Scattered Records", the late Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Shu was once fascinated by Du Fu's poems, so Zhang Shu burned Du Fu's famous poems one by one, and then mixed the burned paper ash with honey and ate three spoons every morning. One day, Zhang Yuan's friend came to see him, and happened to meet Zhang Yuan eating paper ash, so he asked him, and Zhang Bi said, "Because after I eat Du Fu's poems, I can also write good poems like Du Fu!" His friend laughed when he heard it.
Zhang Zhi's Lefu poems have high artistic achievements, he is very good at summarizing the opposites of things, can form a strong contrast in one or more pieces, and is very good at using the technique of sketching, meticulously and sincerely portraying various characters. Zhang Zhi is more based on the new music house of "immediate famous articles" as the carrier, and sometimes he can use the old theme to create a new charm. The language that is easy to understand and at the same time subtle can make the reader read more clearly, and can often be introduced as poetry. Zhang Zhi also thought about refining the conclusion, which was to achieve an unspoken critical and ironic effect. Zhang Yuan's Five Laws, without lack of algae ornaments, are not carved, and in the plain and fluent language, you can see his deep feelings, which have a greater impact on the Five Laws of the Late Tang Dynasty.
Qiu Si Zhang Zhi
The author of "Autumn Thoughts" is the famous Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Yuan, which is a nostalgic poem, the author expresses his homesickness and the depth of nostalgia by narrating the mood before and after writing the letter. This poem is deep and indifferent, alluding to the twists and turns of the gentle, although at first glance there are only a few words, but if you taste it carefully, you can find its charm and meaning.
"Autumn Thoughts" Zhang Book
Zhang Yuan's "Autumn Thoughts" is a seven-sentence poem, and Zhang Yuan was living in Luoyang City when he composed this poem. It was autumn, autumn was a season of homesickness, and the autumn wind evoked the poet's loneliness and desolation in a foreign land, causing nostalgia for his hometown and his relatives, so he created this poem. With the help of trivial fragments in daily life, Zhang Yuan's poem very sincerely expresses the deep longing for his family by the wanderer who is a guest in a foreign country.
The annual autumn wind once again blew into Luoyang City, and the wanderer who lived in Luoyang City did not know whether his relatives in his hometown were okay; Write a letter of greetings to them, but there are too many things I want to say, and I don't know where to start. The letter is written, but I am worried that the hasty letter will not finish the words I want to write; When the messenger was about to leave, he opened the envelope and returned it to him. From the first sentence to the last sentence, you can feel the author's thoughts about his relatives in his hometown, this poem is extremely plain, and it is this kind of blandness that makes people read more deeply.
The poem "Autumn Thoughts" is a simple and true expression of the wanderer's mentality. In the feudal society where it is inconvenient to convey news, the wanderers who have been living in other places for a long time have similar experiences, and after the refinement of the poet, the subject matter of this very ordinary small matter has a representative significance.
Zhang's story
Zhang Ji was a representative figure of the Tang Dynasty Lefu poetry, and together with another poet, Wang Jian, he was called "Zhang Wang Lefu" by later generations, which shows the high evaluation of him in later generations. Zhang's Lefu poems are good at summarizing the two sides of things that are completely opposite, and form extremely sharp contrasts in one or more pieces. In addition, he is also good at using white painting techniques, and the images of various characters are portrayed very delicately and realistically. Zhang's Lefu poems had a great influence on poets from the late Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties. As for the reasons why Zhang Zhi was able to achieve such an achievement, we will understand it through a story about Zhang Zhi.
Zhang Zhi introduced
This story comes from the Tang Dynasty scholar Feng Zhen's book YunXian Sanlu. The story is recorded as follows: The poet Zhang Shu was very fond of the poetry of Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty who was known as the "sage of poetry", and his fascination with Du Fu had even reached the point of madness. He once wrote Du Fu's poetry works that had been passed down through the ages on paper, and then put them together in the fire to burn them, took out the burned paper ashes, mixed them with honey, and had to eat three spoonfuls every morning. Once, a friend of Zhang Yuan's came to visit him at his house, and when he saw zhang Bi eating with paper and ashes, he was greatly puzzled, could Zhang Bi have been insane? So he quickly asked him what he was doing, Zhang Zhi did not think much of this, he laughed and replied that he was eating Du Fu's poems. This friend still feels confused, why should he eat Du Fu's poems? Zhang Zhi saw his friend's doubts and told him that after eating Du Fu's poems, he might be able to write good poems that were widely circulated by later generations like Du Fu. Although this friend still did not quite understand Zhang Zhi's behavior of eating Du Fu's poems, he saw Zhang Bi's laughing expression and laughed with him.
This is a very interesting allusion in the story about Zhang Yuan. What needs to be reminded is that for the sake of health considerations, it is still not necessary to learn the practice of Zhang Yuan.