Source: People's Daily Overseas Edition
and the scenery of the yangtze river in the county.
And the scenery of Wujiang Town in the county.
The spring light is just right, the wind and the sun are beautiful, the grass is long and the warblers are flying, and the mountain flowers are everywhere. I rode my bike east along the Yangtze River embankment. The total length of the Anhui and county sections of the Yangtze River is more than 40 kilometers, and the smoke waves on the river are vast, the water and sky are the same; the rapeseed flowers on the shore are yellow, and the wheat waves are like waves. Along the road, there are also cherry blossoms, rhododendrons, heather, white begonias, etc., flowers and leaves, moving everywhere. This ride is also to find the remains of Zhang's old residence and reading desk.
One
The Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Zhi was a native of Wujiang, Hexian County, and was a sage of Wuxiang. He wrote poems such as "Autumn Thoughts" and "Sending Liu Zhijun to Hezhou", and was friends with Han Yu, Bai Juyi and others. Zhang Xiaoxiang, the seventh grandson of Zhang Yuan, the Southern Song Dynasty, and the lyricist Zhang Xiaoxiang, has a saying in "The Acting General Deju Shi Hui Zhang Tuiguan": "The eastern contempt of a certain family of Li Yang, since the ancestor Yi Nong was a Confucian. Or the distant ancestors of the late Yun Tang Dynasty migrated from Ruohu to the family, after Gai Wenchang. The contemporary scholar Han Youshan's "Annals of Zhang Xiaoxiang" said: "Zhang's ancestral home is Wu County, and his ancestors moved to Wujiang, living on the shores of Ruohu Lake, and at the end of the Tang Dynasty, his descendants moved to the 'East of Liyang'. Ruohu Lake, it seems to be the area around today's Chestnut Wood Wei. ”
Ruohu Lake, that is, today and the county Wujiang Town Xinwei and Zhao Liwei, during the Tang Dynasty these two wei connected, is a more than 10,000 acres of large polder. I have cycled or strolled along the polder many times, the polder area is flat, the rice and wheat are golden, the rapeseed is fragrant, the cement road is in all directions, the village square has sports equipment and a large stage, and the women often dance square dance.
The yangtze river levee is rocky slopes, impregnable, and in the summer of 2020, when the flood hits, the polder area is still safe and sound. The polder is thick and tight, the cement pavement, and there are fewer pedestrians, and I ride my bicycle, and I actually fly like a big bird. However, in the Tang Dynasty, during the flood season, Ruohu Lake either sank because the flood could not be eliminated in time, or because the river broke through the river embankment and flooded the crops and huts. Every household has wooden basins in case of escape, and children learn to swim from an early age in preparation for escape. Zhang's ancestors really couldn't bear the flood and were forced to move to Wujiang Street. In my opinion, Wakami has only a former residence at most, and there will be no reading desk.
Wujiang Street is an old street with a history of more than 2,000 years. In my six years in junior high school, I had to walk the street several times almost every day, which storefronts, how many alleys, where there was less stone slab in the middle of the street, I knew. But I didn't know that there was also Zhang's former residence and reading desk here.
Two
Where is Zhang's old mansion and reading desk? Every time I walk on the street, I am always looking, sometimes I think that the Lin Jia Medicine Shop with a roof full of tiles is similar, sometimes I think that the Hu Jia Wei Shop with trachoma on the door panel is also possible, and sometimes I think that there is no Fan Jia Bu Shop with seven houses, but I can't be sure.
Finally, I asked for teachings. The Chronicle of the Unification of the Great Qing Dynasty clearly states: "Zhang Zhizhai ... There is also a book hall, in the east of Wujiang County. Qing Chen Tinggui's "Records of the Liyang Classics" also says: "Zhang Wenchang (nationality) has a reading hall, in the east of Wujiang. "At that time, Wujiang was a county, the county was governed by the current hometown government, it was changed to the City God Temple, and there was a Baiyi Nunnery in the east, and there was a pagoda, so the village was named Pagoda Village. When I was in middle school, I often passed by Wujiang Street and Pagoda Village. But I was young and ignorant at that time, and I always rubbed shoulders with Zhang Zhi.
I did not expect that the calligrapher and painter Lin Sanzhi had also visited Zhang Yuan. Did he want to talk to Zhang About poetry and calligraphy? In the 1930s, he composed "The Memoirs of You Baiyi'an": "Baiyi'an is far from the right longyuan of wujiang, and it is the place where Mr. Tang Zhang Siye studied... The so-called white-clothed nunnery, in the Tang Dynasty, the temple was very magnificent, and the big wood could be hugged... Now there are scattered mounds and ruins, hazelnut weeds, unrecognizable, and the sighers for a long time..." After half a century, he still wrote with his heart: "On the left side of the Wujiang River, there is a reading hall of the ancients." Late in the spring, I went to visit it, and the rubble was full of grass and trees. In the west, the Zhangjia collection of twenty miles, The Tang Dynasty has the poet name Zhang Book. The most vulgar come to live in the White-clothed Nunnery, and the bed is given to Shi Wei to create..."
I walked through the wheat fields and rape fields, through the paths full of cauliflower and radish flowers, and rode here, and saw a gray tile room lintel with the door number of "Building the Village Pagoda Natural Village", the owner of the house with the wind and frost of the years engraved on his face, rubbing his hands of mud and telling me that the village was full of rubble in the early years, and some of the broken bricks seemed to have handwriting, but unfortunately, the villagers picked up and built the house and the pigsty. The breeze blows, the fragrance of paulownia flowers, look up at the tree, those purple paulownia flowers are like ancient wooden doves.
Three
Further ahead, Donglongshan has built Zhangbi Square and Zhangqi Reading Desk. I once came here with the calligrapher Shao Chuan. We speculate that the principal may have relied on the material of "Jiangnan Tongzhi Youdizhi Shan chuan": "Donglongshan is in the west forty-five miles of Jiangpu County... There are... Tang Zhang's reading office still has ruins. The writer Xue Jing in the essay collection "Damei Pukou" or according to this, "The Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Zhi was born in Jiangpu Linshan Township (now Qiaolin Street) Bird's Nest Zhang Village."
The end of my cycling visit is Bird's Nest Zhang Village. The village was demolished more than 20 years ago, and the shipyard was built on the site, and now the shipyard has also been demolished, leaving behind a few square cement pillars that were originally used to support the factory shed. But I don't think this is Zhang's former residence. One is that this place is too close to the riverside, the river water is rising, and the village is half cut down; another is that the village is submerged without a shadow; the second is that the "Jiangnan Tongzhi" only records that there is "Tang Zhang's reading place and there are still ruins" in Donglongshan, and does not point out that Zhang Was born here. In my opinion, this place is about 5 kilometers away from Baiyi'an, and Zhang Zhi may have come to Donglongshan and recited poems here, so posterity has some attachment. Besides, the Jiangshang Caotang where Lin Sanzhi lived was located between Baiyi Nunnery and Donglongshan Mountain, so why had he never said that Zhang Zhi's old residence and reading office were in Donglongshan?
As for Zhang Xiaoxiang's remark that "a certain family has the eastern contempt of Liyang", Chen Tinggui's statement that "now only Taohuawu is known as the Wenchang Reading Office" refers to the fact that Zhang's father moved to Liyang County, and the former residence of Liyang Town in Present-day Hexian County and the remains of the Taohuawu Zhangshu Reading Office still exist. Not far from my home, it is the destination for my morning and evening walks.
I was under the Donglong Mountain, listening to the river lapping at the shore, looking down at the hundreds of boats competing for the current, thinking about the old past, thinking about the humor of the ancients, quite like Su Dongpo wrote "Shi Zhongshan" and Wang Anshi wrote "YouZhuan Zen Mountain". Every time I read Zhang's works, it was as if I was in dialogue with him, and his voice and smile often appeared between the lines.
The picture in this article comes from the network