Founded in 1955, the Beijing Military Region is mainly responsible for military affairs in Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and commands the armed forces within its jurisdiction. After the establishment of the military region, the commanders were all well-known generals, Yang Chengwu, Yang Yong, Zheng Weishan, and Li Desheng.
In January 1980, Chen Xilian, who had been the commander of the Beijing Military Region for 7 years, stepped down, who would replace him? Because of the strategic position of the Beijing Military Region, especially to undertake the garrison work in the capital Beijing, it is necessary to select a very loyal, reliable, and outstanding general to serve as a general. Deng Xiaoping, then chief of the general staff, personally proposed that a Ai of Erye's background would become the commander of the Beijing Military Region in the future.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" >01, from "cattle herding baby" to "small steel cannon", Chen Xilian is young but does not die in battle</h1>
Chen Xilian was one of the "three Chens" (Chen Geng, Chen Xilian, and Chen Zaidao) in Liu Deng's army, and was a fierce general in the history of our army who was brave and good at war and had both wisdom and courage. Chairman Mao always called him a "commander," and Deng Xiaoping praised him: "You Chen Xilian are a general who can fight wars!" ”
Chen Xilian was born on January 4, 1915, to a poor peasant family in Pengjia Village, Huang'an (now Hong'an), Hubei Province. When his father died at the age of three, he grew up with his mother, and in order to have food to eat, he herded cattle for the landlord's family for a living, and was bullied.
In November 1927, the famous "Jute Uprising" occurred in Huang'an and Macheng, Hubei Province, which fired the first shot of armed resistance against the Kuomintang in the Eyu-Anhui region and established a communist guerrilla force.
Chen Xilian, 14, secretly signed up for the guerrillas, and the captain was Marshal Xu Qianqian after the founding of the People's Republic of China. In April 1929, the guerrillas were officially incorporated into the Red 1st Army, and Chen Xilian became a small soldier of the Red Army. Although he was young, he was brave in fighting and always rushed to the front, and Chen Xilian was called a "small steel cannon" by Li Xiannian, the political commissar of the regiment.
In November 1931, the Red Fourth Front was established in Qiliping, Huang'an, and the 16-year-old Chen Xilian was appointed as the instructor of the 30th Regiment of the Red 10th Division. He then participated in the Battle of Huang'an, and due to his outstanding performance, he was promoted to instructor of the 1st Battalion of the 30th Regiment after the war. During his tenure as an instructor, he participated in the three major battles of Shang (Cheng) Huang (Chuan), Sujiabu and Huangguang, and in 1933, he was appointed political commissar of the 263rd Regiment of the 88th Division of the Red 30th Army, at the age of 18.
In 1934, Chen Xilian was promoted to deputy commander of the 11th Division of the Red 4th Army and participated in the Long March. In 1935, at the age of 20, he became the commander and political commissar of the Red 10th Division, and gradually grew into an excellent Commander of the Red Army.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="41" >02, commanded troops to shock China and foreign countries by attacking Yangmingbao at night, and followed Liu Deng's army to make meritorious achievements</h1>
When the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out, the 10th Division of the 4th Army of the Red Fourth Front was reorganized into the 769th Regiment of the 385th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, with Chen Xilian as the regimental commander, division commander Liu Bocheng, and political commissar Deng Xiaoping.
On October 16, 1937, Chen Xilian led troops to move near the Tuotuo River in Sulongkou Village, Dai County, Shanxi. Through reconnaissance, it was found that there was a Japanese airfield in Yangmingbao, 5 kilometers away from the Tuotuo River, with a total of 24 aircraft bombing Taiyuan and Xinkou during the day and parking here at night, with only 200 people guarding the airport. Chen Xilian was overjoyed and quickly formulated a night attack plan.
On the night of October 19, according to the combat arrangement, Chen Xilian commanded the officers and men of the 3rd Battalion to attack the airfield, and in less than an hour, all 24 enemy planes were destroyed and more than 100 Japanese troops were killed and wounded.
This night attack plan was the first battle fought by the 129th Division in the War of Resistance, which effectively cooperated with the frontal battle of the Kuomintang, and after the victory of the 115th Division in Pingshiguan, once again enhanced the prestige of the Eighth Route Army, and the 769th Regiment was commended by the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army. A few months later, Chen Xilian was appointed brigade commander of the 385 brigade.
In August 1940, Chen Xilian commanded the troops to participate in the three stages of the Battle of Zhengtai in the Hundred Regiments War, the Battle of Yuliao and the anti-"sweeping" operation, participating in more than 70 large and small battles, killing and wounding more than 1,500 enemy prisoners.
At the beginning of the Liberation War, Chen Xilian served as the commander of the 3rd Column of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Field Army, and as the absolute main force in Liu Deng's army, he successively participated in the Battle of Longhai, the Battle of Dingtao, the Battles of Northern Henan and Southwest Lu, and the March into Dabie Mountain, attacking all the way.
In May 1948, the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Field Army was changed to the Central Plains Field Army, and later to the Second Field Army, Chen Xilian continued to serve as commander, participated in the Battle of Zhengzhou, the Battle of Huaihai to encircle and annihilate the Huang Wei Corps, and the Battle of Crossing the River, especially the 3rd Column annihilated 12,000 enemy troops in the Huaihai Campaign, capturing the commander of the Corps Huang Wei, with outstanding military achievements.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chen Xilian commanded the 3rd Column to participate in the southwest campaign to liberate Chongqing. After October 1950, Chen Xilian successively served as the commander of the artillery of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the commander of the Shenyang Military Region. In September 1955, at the age of 40, he was awarded the rank of general, the youngest of the founding generals.
At the end of 1973, according to Chairman Mao's proposal, Chen Xilian was appointed commander of the Beijing Military Region, and successively served as vice premier of the State Council and member of the Central Military Commission. In 1980, Chen Xilian stepped down as commander of the Beijing Military Region.
In September 1982, Chen Xilian was elected as a member of the Central Advisory Committee and a member of the Standing Committee at the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. On June 10, 1999, Chen Xilian died of illness in Beijing at the age of 85.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="42" >03, Qin Jiwei and Chen Xilian are fellow countrymen who were born and died following Xu Xiangqian and Xilu Army</h1>
After Chen Xilian stepped down as commander of the Beijing Military Region, who was suitable to take over? Deng Xiaoping, then chief of the general staff, proposed that Qin Jiwei, who was also a beloved general from Erye, be appointed.
On November 16, 1914, Qin Jiwei was born in a poor peasant family in Qinluozhuang, Huang'an, Hubei Province, a month and a half older than Chen Xilian. Qin Jiwei lost his mother at the age of 8, lost his father at the age of 9, died of illness at the age of 10, remarried his sister-in-law at the age of 11, married his sister, and lived alone since the age of 12.
In the autumn of 1927, the 13-year-old Qin Jiwei participated in the jute uprising, and two years later came to Dabie Mountain to work as a soldier in the machine gun company of the 31st Division of the Red Army. He successively served as deputy squad leader, platoon leader, and commander of the 2nd Company of the Pistol Battalion of the Military Department. In the Battle of Huang'an, he led the 2nd Company to defend Xu Xiangqian, the commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Front, and completed the task brilliantly.
In October 1931, after the failure of the fourth anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, the Red Fourth Front withdrew from the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region for the Western Expedition, Qin Jiwei was seriously wounded in the battle, and the troops wanted to send him to his hometown for treatment several times, but he did not agree, and with superhuman perseverance, endured great pain and moved with the army.
In April 1933, after Qin Jiwei recovered from his wounds, he successively served as the military commander of Hongjiang County, the commander of the guard regiment of the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front, and the commander of the 274th regiment of the 31st Army. In the spring of 1934, Qin Jiwei was implicated in the "repression" of the Red Fourth Front and was dismissed from his post as regimental commander. After the end of the "purge," because he was innocently implicated, he was reappointed as the commander of the Supplementary Division of the Front Army and the chief of the reconnaissance section of the Fourth Bureau of the General Staff.
In March 1935, Qin Jiwei followed the Long March of the Red Fourth Front, during which he worked in the Supply Department of the Front. In October 1936, he arrived in Huining and met with the Red Side victory division. On October 25 of the same year, according to the order of the Central Military Commission, the 30th Army, the 9th Army, the Headquarters of the Front Army and the 5th Army of the Red Fourth Front were collectively called the Western Route Army. Qin Jiwei was mainly responsible for collecting grain and grass and ensuring the supply of troops in the supply department of the front army.
The history of the Western Route Army is the most tragic history in the history of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. After the defeat of the Western Route Army, Qin Jiwei was also captured in the breakout, escaped on the way to the enemy escort to Xi'an, and returned to Yan'an with the help of the Red 31st Army reception station.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="43" >04, invincible in the War of Liberation, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea is famous all over the world, and was awarded general in 1988</h1>
In 1937, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing, the main force of the Red Fourth Front was changed to the 129th Division, and Qin Jiwei was sent to Taigu County, Shanxi To establish a guerrilla force.
Soon, Qin Jiwei formed the "Taigu Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Group" in the Taihang Mountains, and it developed rapidly. The 129th Division decided to merge the three guerrilla units of Taigu, Yuci, and Pingding into an "independent detachment". Qin Jiwei was appointed commander and Lai Jifa was appointed political commissar, and he declared that he was "Qin Lai Detachment" and cooperated with the 129th Division in combat.
In June 1940, the Taihang Military Region was established, and Qin Jiwei successively served as the deputy brigade commander of the newly organized 11th Brigade, the commander of the First Sub-district, and the commander of the Taihang Military Region, commanding the troops to participate in the Hundred Regiments War, the anti-"blockade" and anti-"encroachment" struggles, and the Yuan Win Battle.
During the Liberation War, Qin Jiwei successively served as the commander of the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Field Army and the 9th Column of the Central Plains Field Army, and participated in the Battle of Longhai, the Battle of Zhengzhou, and the Battle of Huaihai with his brother troops, and gradually became a unit of Liu Deng's army that was good at fighting hard battles.
On February 14, 1949, the 9th Column was changed to the 15th Army of the 4th Corps of the Erye Army, with Qin Jiwei as the commander. Before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he successively participated in the Battle of Crossing the River, the Battle of Guangdong and Guangxi, and the Campaign to Liberate the Great Southwest, and was invincible and invincible along the way.
After the outbreak of the Korean War, Qin Jiwei repeatedly asked for war, and Deng Xiaoping, who was then the secretary of the Southwest Bureau, finally decided to let the 15th Army participate in the war. In March 1951, the 15th Army entered the Korean War. During the North Korean march from north to south, it fought and walked, shooting down 56 U.S. aircraft and wounding 27. Subsequently, he participated in the fifth campaign, successively inflicting heavy losses on the US 3rd Division and the 2nd Division, annihilating more than 9,400 enemy troops, from the "38th Line" to the north bank of the Han River.
In April 1952, the 15th Army succeeded the 26th Army and was responsible for forward defense operations in the Wushengshan area, a strategic powerhouse in central Korea. In mid-October of the same year, in order to get rid of the passive situation on the battlefield, the US military launched the "Jinhua Offensive", focusing on the Shangganling area.
Shangganling was the protrusion of the entire defense system of the 15th Army and the forward position of the Five Holy Mountains. In the 43-day battle, Shangganling developed from a battle into a battle, and the 15th Army fought bloodily as the main force in the battle. Qin Jiwei built the 15th Army into a unit harder than steel with the will of steel, and a total of 12,347 combat heroes at all levels, represented by the special hero Huang Jiguang, were born, accounting for 27.5 percent of the total number of the army.
After returning to China, Qin Jiwei successively served as deputy commander of the Yunnan Military Region, commander of the Kunming Military Region, and commander of the Chengdu Military Region, and was awarded the rank of lieutenant general in 1955. In 1980, he succeeded Chen Xilian as commander of the Beijing Military Region and organized the North China Exercise and the military parade for the 35th anniversary of the National Day. In 1988, he was elected as a member of the Central Military Commission, minister of national defense, and was awarded the rank of general.
On February 2, 1997, General Qin Jiwei completed his glorious life and died of illness in Beijing at the age of 83.
This article refers to the "Memoirs of Qin Jiwei", "Memoirs of Chen Xilian" and a large number of historical books, it is not easy to write historical articles, if there is any omission, please point out, like the readers and friends, welcome to click to follow, or leave your valuable comments.