In recent years, the Natural Resources Bureau of Aksai County has adhered to the core of fulfilling the responsibilities of "two unifications", adhered to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands and sands, and comprehensively promoted the ecological restoration of mines, the ecological protection of wetlands, the construction of the three-north shelterbelt system, the ecological protection and restoration of the Qilian Mountains, the ecological restoration and management of grasslands, and the development of forestry and grass industry, and achieved remarkable results in the ecological and environmental governance of the county.
First, pay close attention to the construction of ecological projects and consolidate the foundation for protection
Aksai County is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor, on the northern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with an arid climate and water shortage. In recent years, the Natural Resources Bureau of Aksai County has continued to increase land greening, desertification prevention and control, pay close attention to forest and grassland projects, and carry out ecological construction of desertification prevention and control. In order to ensure the scientific implementation of the ecological project, the main person in charge of the county natural resources bureau went deep into the field, comprehensively understood the local situation, explored and optimized the advanced technology and management mechanism of the project, invested more than 600 million yuan, and successively organized and implemented the water conservation and ecological protection and restoration at the northern foot of the Qilian Mountains, the fifth and sixth phases of the three-north shelterbelt, the national desertification land ban protection, and the grassland ecological restoration and governance ecological project. 269,800 mu of mountain closure and afforestation, 97,000 mu of sand closure and afforestation, 5,500 mu of forest tending, 8,000 mu of degraded forest restoration, 60,100 mu of degraded grassland restoration, 50,000 mu of fencing, 3,050 mu of desertified grassland grass grid treatment, 13,300 mu of artificial grass planting, 2,165,500 mu of grassland rodent pest control, 2,900 mu of sand barriers, 171,687,000 meters of grassland fencing, 6,000 mu of poisonous grass control, 1,264,700 mu of grassland improvement, 32,000 mu of engineering sand fixation, 410 mu of artificial grassland planting, and desertificationThe area of desertification has been decreasing year by year, and the capacity of soil and water conservation and water conservation has been continuously improved.
Second, do a solid land greening article, and plant an ecological background
The annual spring afforestation season is the season when the wind and sand in the demonstration area are the largest, and people can't open their eyes. In order to ensure the scientificity of afforestation and greening, the members of the leadership team of the Aksai County Natural Resources Bureau are not afraid of difficulties, vigorously carry forward and practice the spirit of "eight steps of sand and six old men", and lead the heads and technical personnel of relevant institutions under the bureau to go deep into the park plots, villages, and along the highway to "step on the spot", reasonably determine the afforestation area, plan the afforestation site, study and formulate the afforestation and greening plan, and ensure the effectiveness of afforestation. Under the leadership of the leaders of the bureau, the county natural resources bureau focused on the regional greening of the "three along the first section", invested 16.9953 million yuan, implemented the spring afforestation and greening project, planned afforestation more than 20 places, planted more than 1,383,300 seedlings, completed 3,262 acres of artificial afforestation, replanted 729.9 acres, improved the quality and efficiency of economic forests 30 acres, and the survival rate of seedlings reached more than 85%, realizing the county's forest coverage rate of 3.24%, and the ecological environment was significantly improved.
In order to comprehensively promote ecological construction, the county natural resources bureau actively docked, sought funds of 21.5975 million yuan, and adopted a multi-layer three-dimensional structure of "large trees + medium trees + small trees + large shrubs + small shrubs" in the triangle of the east exit of Su'a Highway to create 118.87 acres of landscape forest. In 2021, the province will implement the forest chief system from top to bottom, and the Natural Resources Bureau of Aksai County, as the leading unit, will actively report to the county party committee, county government and higher-level business departments, deeply understand the spirit of the provincial, municipal and county forest chief system meeting, and focus on the tasks of land greening, forest quality improvement, resource protection, etc., and work "greening, green management, green protection, green use, and live green", and make every effort to build "county-level guidance, township main responsibility, and village-level operation" The three-level forest chief responsibility system implements the five-level linkage management and protection mechanism of "forest chief + special manager + forest manager + supervisor + law enforcement personnel", supporting the forest chief meeting, department list, assessment and evaluation system, and sets up 58 forest chiefs at the county, township and village levels, and employs 86 ecological forest rangers. In the process of promoting the construction of national reserve forests and ecological forests, we actively explored new financing models for the construction of national reserve forests, and completed the construction of 27,200 mu of ecological forests in the county.
3. Broaden technology promotion channels to help rural revitalization
In order to effectively reduce the trend of land desertification, we should actively explore water-saving sand control and water-saving planting methods. With an investment of 1.07 million yuan, it cooperated with Shenzhen Huada Group and Chongqing Jiaotong University to implement the pilot project of "sand film" technology promotion and application in Aksai County, with a demonstration area of about 120 acres, 100 acres of trial pasture, and 20 acres of mixed shelter forests of tamarix, and shuttle shuttle, which can effectively improve the functions of windbreak and sand fixation, soil and water conservation, promote ecological sustainable development, and lay the foundation for large-scale crop planting.
In order to comprehensively promote the development of the forest and grass industry and promote the ecological construction, vigorously promote the development of the characteristic forest and fruit industry, introduce prune, peach, pear, apple, apricot and other varieties, and pilot the cultivation of new varieties of apricot, peach, hawthorn and prune in the Hongliuwan Economic Forest Demonstration Park, with a demonstration area of 300 acres and 400 acres of licorice planting under the forest. Accelerate the process of improving the quality and efficiency of the demonstration site, and establish one demonstration site of ecological afforestation science and technology service in the provincial desertification prevention and control optimization base, with a demonstration area of more than 1,000 mu and a core demonstration area of more than 400 mu, laying a good foundation for increasing the income of villagers.
"It is better to teach a man to fish than to teach him to fish." In order to help the county's rural revitalization and development and consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, the county natural resources bureau has paid close attention to the agricultural season and carried out solid forest and fruit science and technology service activities such as "two evaluations and two comparisons", "two adjustments and two promotions", "five ones" and "five into five for five implementation" for forest and fruit experts. Leading cadres and technical personnel play the role of "soil experts", increase the promotion of forestry technology, combined with the actual development of forest and fruit characteristics in the county, personally demonstrate in the field, teach farmers to plant economic forests, through detailed explanations, local farmers not only learned the relevant planting technology, but also ideologically understand the benefits of planting economic forests to them, and change "let me plant for me to plant", which greatly improves the survival rate and management and protection effect of economic forests.
The county natural resources bureau has made great efforts to increase the training of forest farmers, actively invited provincial and municipal experts and scholars to give lectures, preached and taught to solve doubts, held 12 special training lectures on forest and fruit science and technology, carried out more than 30 training lectures on various forest and fruit science and technology, selected more than 30 times of science and technology commissioners for door-to-door guidance, and trained more than 500 forest farmers and local experts (times).
Fourth, make efforts to restore the grassland and keep the balance between grass and livestock
According to the data of the third national land survey, the grassland in Aksai County is divided into seven types: temperate grassland, temperate desert grassland, temperate desert, alpine desert, alpine desert grassland, alpine grassland, and lowland meadow, with a total grassland area of 23,900,900 mu and a grassland vegetation coverage of 18.78%. In recent years, affected by the county's climate and drought factors, grassland degradation has appeared to varying degrees, and the county Bureau of Natural Resources has adopted a combination of artificial restoration and natural restoration, and scientifically promoted a variety of governance models such as "fence enclosure + forbidden grazing", "reseeding + fertilization + water replenishment", "fence enclosure + reseeding + grid sand barrier", "fence enclosure + rodent extermination", native wild plants "H. ammodendron + tamarix", and established high-quality alfalfa, oats, 10,500 acres of artificial grass such as ice grass have further enhanced the ecological service function of grassland resources.
Strictly abide by the red line of grassland ecological protection, continue to strengthen the supervision and management of grassland grazing prohibition areas and grass-livestock balance areas, and in accordance with the overall goal of "prohibiting grazing and not prohibiting raising, reducing livestock without reducing income", the livestock carrying capacity of 199 households in Hongliuwan Township, Akeqi Township and Ayina Township is strictly controlled at 600 heads (only), and the livestock carrying capacity of 105 households in 2 villages of Alteng Township is strictly controlled within 750 heads (only), and the livestock reduction task in the grass-livestock balance area of the county is strictly controlled within 200,000 sheep units, the carrying pressure of grassland is significantly reduced, and the overload rate of grassland is significantly reduced. Scientifically formulate the optimization and adjustment plan of the county's basic grassland, coordinate the three townships and one town to carry out the county's basic grassland demarcation, and form the initial demarcation results, so that all should be delineated.
In 2022, the county natural resources bureau successfully held the province's grassland grazing ban and grass-livestock balance training course and law popularization publicity month activities, organized centralized training around grassland protection, grassland monitoring, degraded grassland restoration and management, grassland requisition and occupation management, hung 50 publicity banners, produced 40 publicity display boards, distributed more than 2,000 copies of publicity materials such as brochures and leaflets, 300 copies of publicity materials, and received more than 200 people (times) on site It has created a good social atmosphere and won unanimous praise from the leaders of all counties (cities) in the province.
Fifth, guard the line of defense for resource management and protection, and guard ecological security
The survey and collection of forest and grass germplasm resources were carried out, with a survey distance of 606 kilometers, 404 transect lines and 4848 quadrats, laying a solid foundation for the scientific protection and effective utilization of germplasm resources. A working group for the survey of invasive alien species in forest and grass wet ecosystems was established, with a survey distance of 5056.51 kilometers, 681 survey routes, 9 forest and grass wet sample plots and 70 quadrats, and no invasive alien species were found. Promote the prevention and quarantine of forestry pests in an orderly manner, complete the county's 55 pest control monitoring points, 14 longhorn detection points and 3 codling moth detection points to re-point and monitor the installation of signs, set up county, township, village three-level monitoring network system full-time and part-time monitoring personnel 10 people, issued more than 20 pest occurrence trend forecasts, and the accuracy rate of monitoring and reporting reached more than 95%. Field survey and data analysis of natural forage grasses in the county were carried out in the field at the rejuvenation stage and full flowering stage, and 82 sample plots and 471 quadrat monitoring tasks were completed. Carried out wildlife disease surveillance, completed 689 monitoring and patrols of wild animal epidemic sources and diseases near and far, rescued 16 injured wild animals, and successfully bred 6 cubs, maintaining the diversity of wild animals and creating a safe home for wild animals.
Strengthen the supervision of natural resources such as forests, grasslands, and wetlands, standardize the examination and approval of forest land occupied by construction projects, and collect 15,800 yuan of forest vegetation restoration fees, 73,800 yuan of forest land compensation fees, and 8,456 yuan of forest compensation fees. Strengthened the management of the examination and approval of grassland expropriation and occupation, handled 17 approvals for the expropriation and occupation of grassland, and collected 9.5225 million yuan in grassland vegetation restoration fees. The construction of the wetland protection system was launched in an all-round way, and the establishment of a compensation mechanism for wetland ecological benefits was taken as an opportunity to cooperate with the third-party monitoring unit to complete the monitoring of wetlands, change maps and 80 points of monitoring in Qilian Mountain National Park, and handle 3 cases of wetland occupation and compensation balance of 90.759 hectares, so as to ensure the safety of wetland protection red lines and wetland resources.
Promote the upgrading of the forest chief system in depth, further improve the connection between forest-related administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, implement the ecological inspection model of "criminal punishment + public interest litigation + ecological compensation", strengthen the grid control of public security in forest areas, trace the clues of forest-related cases, and investigate and rectify forest-related hidden dangers, and implement the "one forest and one police" sub-district responsibility system, and each township implements more than one forest sheriff to follow up the handling of forest-related and grass-related cases, and build a forest resource protection mechanism with clear responsibilities and strong governance.
Tighten and consolidate the responsibility of forest and grassland fire prevention, improve the emergency plan for fire prevention and extinguishing, set up a forest and grassland fire emergency rescue team, and carry out 8 forest and grassland fire prevention drills, effectively improving the actual combat and rescue capabilities of the comprehensive emergency rescue team. Consolidate the construction of fire prevention infrastructure, actively strive for funds of 14 million yuan, build 10 grassland fire prevention watchtowers, 840 square meters of fire prevention material warehouse, equipped with 7 fire prevention vehicles, more than 260 sets of fire prevention equipment, 20 fire prevention voice warning poles, and build a forest and grassland "firewall". Pay close attention to the important nodes of forest and grassland fire prevention, strengthen the control of regional personnel and wild fire sources, and strive to eliminate forest and grassland fire hazards.
Sixth, do a good job in mine management and build a solid ecological barrier
Adhere to the concept of "ecological priority and green development", strengthen the top-level design, and compile and complete the "Aksai County Mine Geological Environmental Protection and Comprehensive Management Plan (2018-2022)" and "Aksai County Land and Space Ecological Restoration Plan (2021-2035)" to lay the foundation for the protection of mineral ecology. In accordance with the "one mine, one policy", the clean-up and remediation of mining rights in nature reserves were fully completed, and 7 mining rights were withdrawn by classification. A total of 39.8 million yuan has been invested in the implementation of three treatment projects, namely the unstable slope and collapse treatment of Hongliugou asbestos mine, the first and second phases of the restoration and treatment of the geological environment of the asbestos mine, and the geological environment of the Hongliugou asbestos mine has reached the phased remediation effect, and the 16 historical unowned mines that need to be restored and treated have all been completed. The "Resource Utilization Rich County" work group was adopted to promote the comprehensive development and utilization of asbestos tailings and resources, and the transfer of mining rights and equity of 17 asbestos mines and the handling of mining rights and mining rights were completed. Dig deep into the preferential policy dividends of ecological restoration, invest 14.34 million yuan, and complete the construction tasks of 1,221,100 cubic meters of slag heap slope leveling, 892,700 square meters of grass planting, 1,132,800 cubic meters of earthwork hauling, and 229,000 cubic meters of slag heap excavation and transportation. Strictly implement the supervision responsibilities of geological environmental protection and governance of licensed mining rights, and actively guide two enterprises, including Zhonghong Holdings' Qingshigou Quartzite Mine and Hengli Xinhuangcaotan Vein Quartz Mine, to carry out the creation of green mines.
7. Draw a good picture of wetland ecology and cultivate ecological green lungs
Fully implement the river (lake) chief system, conscientiously perform the daily patrol duties of the large and small Suganhu provincial nature reserves, carry out more than 100 business patrols and more than 400 inspections, and dynamically grasp the growth and decline of natural resources. The total area of Dasuganhu Provincial Migratory Bird Nature Reserve is 9,632.57 hectares (144,000 mu), and the total area of Xiaosuganhu Provincial Migratory Bird Nature Reserve is 2,400 hectares (36,000 mu). The confirmation and confirmation, boundary survey and overall planning of the Da and Xiao Sugan Lake Provincial Nature Reserves have been completed for approval, so as to further consolidate the foundation for the sustainable development of nature reserves and provide a scientific basis for ecotourism in the county's nature reserves.
Strengthen the monitoring of the wetland ecological environment in the Da Su Gan Lake Nature Reserve, compile and complete the "Work Plan for the Monitoring of Terrestrial Wild Animals in the Da Sugan Lake Provincial Migratory Bird Nature Reserve in Aksai", as well as vector databases and working maps, and further establish and improve the management, management, patrol, forest and grassland fire prevention systems of the reserve. Relying on the "Internet + Smart Qilian" information application system (platform), adhere to the combination of field observation and remote video surveillance and monitoring, realize the digitization and standardization of bird observation, protection and scientific research in the reserve, and provide a scientific basis for the construction of nature reserves. By means of the "space-ground integration" remote sensing monitoring system and remote monitoring system, the "Green Shield" action was continuously carried out, and the "four chaos" problems of human activities and rivers and lakes in the Da and Xiao Sugan Lake Nature Reserves were thoroughly investigated, and no illegal acts such as hunting, fishing, medicine collection, mining, and tourism were found, and the management order of the nature reserve continued to improve.
In order to strengthen the construction of nature reserves and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, in recent years, the county natural resources bureau has actively sought funds of 6.6 million yuan, successively implemented 5 projects such as nature reserve subsidies and wetland subsidies, carried out background survey of nature reserve resources, preparation of boundary survey and bidding reports, wetland monitoring in nature reserves, erected 6 sets of monitoring and monitoring equipment, and built 1 watchtower. 1.8 kilometers of bird patrol plank roads were maintained, 200 acres of degraded wetlands were restored, 28 sets of monitoring equipment were purchased, 2 sets of wind and solar complementary power supply and heating facilities were built, 3,000 acres of pests and diseases were killed, and more than 20 billboards were built to further consolidate the foundation for the development of nature reserves.
8. Strive to solve problems for the people with family affection, and pragmatic research style
In 2010, the registration of forest land rights confirmation in Aksai County was implemented, involving 180 households in 4 villager groups, with an area of 1,403.32 mu and a 100% confirmation rate. In order to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the masses, the leading group of the county natural resources bureau accurately comprehended the spirit and essence of the work of cleaning up and standardizing the historical problems left over from the registration of forest rights, went deep into the township forest land rights confirmation points to carry out field investigations, and verified the problems in the process of forest land confirmation and registration one by one, such as errors and omissions, and imperfect forest land rights confirmation and registration in accordance with the categories of land use rights, issued 110 certificates and 110 households, involving an area of 73 acres. When dealing with the problem of grassland disputes, we fully draw on the "Fengqiao experience" and "Pujiang experience" to investigate and analyze individual herdsmen one by one due to unclear grassland boundaries, asking for grassland, changing grassland certificates, and not yet receiving grassland contract certificates, and coordinate with townships, villages and other departments to immediately mediate and resolve those that can be resolved on the spot, and patiently explain the relevant policies, regulations and procedures for those that cannot be solved and handled temporarily, and accept and resolve more than 20 difficult and complex petition cases.
Work hard and take responsibility, forge ahead and sail again! The Natural Resources Bureau of Aksai County regards ecological construction as the responsibility to implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization and practice the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", so that the lush forests and vast grasslands can be greened for the Gobi Desert, and contribute to the realization of the "win-win" goal of ecological greening and economic efficiency, and the comprehensive construction of an ecologically harmonious, happy and beautiful Aksai County!
Written by: Wang Jie
Review: Wang Ailing
Director: Yang Jinxing
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