Yingshan County Chronicle Pan Heng Kaoshi (middle)
Mao is outstanding
Ming Wanli's "Yingshan County Chronicles" only recorded 12 poems by Pan Heng, and did not explain Pan Heng's identity at all. However, the county chronicles compiled and repaired in the Qing Dynasty have two diametrically opposed records of Pan Heng's identity: one is the Yi Ling, and the other is the Yi people. But no matter which way it is said, there is no record that can be used as evidence in the officials, elections and personalities of the "Yingshan County Chronicles" in the past dynasties. In other words, all the versions of "Yingshan County Chronicles" that we see now have not clarified the true identity of Pan Heng.
But one thing is certain, that is, as early as before the revision of the Wanli edition of "Yingshan County Chronicles" in the Ming Dynasty, there must have been a person named Pan Heng, who really visited the "Eight Views of Yingshan Mountain" and those temples, and wrote these 12 poems to record and express his emotions.
Although Pan Heng left these 12 poems in the "Yingshan County Chronicles", it is a pity that there are no more records of Pan Heng and his people in the successive editions of the county chronicles of Yingshan.
When the author was in doubt and had no way out, he accidentally found Pan Heng's record in the Qing Kangxi's "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" compiled by Li Chenglin:
"Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" Volume 3 Rank Official: Ming Tongzhi Pan Heng, Zhiyu Shanyang people, lifting people, Chenghua two years of office. Zhu Tingyi, a native of Ningxia, Shaanxi, raised people, and served in Chenghua for 18 years.
Zhiyu Shanyang, now Shanyang County, was the name of an old county in Jiangsu Province before the Qing Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Southern Song Dynasty were all the first counties of Chuzhou; In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was the first county of Huai'an Province. Because it has the same name as Shanyang County, Shaanxi Province, it was changed to Huai'an County (now Chuzhou District, Huai'an City) in 1914.
According to the records of "Shunqing Mansion Chronicle", it can be known that Pan Heng is a person from Shanyang County, and he was appointed as Shunqing Tongzhi in the second year of Chenghua (1466). After Pan Heng, he was succeeded by Zhu Tingyi, a native of Ningxia, Shaanxi, and was appointed for 18 years in Chenghua. However, Zha Jiajing's "Ningxia Xinzhi" election chronicle does not raise people to the court, only Zhu Yiyi, Jingtai Bingzike, Zhu Yiyi, and the same knowledge of Shunqing Mansion in Sichuan.
"Ningxia Xinzhi" was compiled and revised by Yang Shouli in the eighteenth year of Jiajing, and Jingtai Bingzike only took Zhu Zhiyi's examination. Therefore, the Zhuting rituals recorded in the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" compiled by Li Chenglin in the 20th year of Kangxi should be wrong, and the accurate record should be: Zhu Yiyi.
The above is the information recorded by Zhu Yiyi in "Ningxia New Chronicles".
Although this Zhu Yiyi was only a fellow governor in Shunqing Mansion at that time, he was later promoted to the affairs of Huguang Changde Mansion, and Xue Xuan once wrote an article "Sending Zhu Zhifu to the Preface", which recorded that "Zhu Tingyi, the superintendent of Nanjing Shandong Province, was elected by the heavenly officials, and was ordered by the court to know the affairs of Huguang Changde Mansion". However, in the official record of "Changde Mansion Chronicles", there is no record of Zhu Yiyi or Zhu Tingyi serving as the prefect.
It is a pity that the "Zhu Tingyi" contained in the second volume of Jiajing's "Ningxia New Chronicles" is recorded as "Zhu Tingyi" in later chronicles, although it is only like the difference between "Zhu Tingyi" and "Ting". We now have no way of knowing whether it is "Zhu Tingyi" or "Zhu Yuanyi", only that Jiajing's "Ningxia New Chronicles" is a recent chronicle about this Zhu Juren.
For the "Zhu Yiyi" in many historical records, the name error quietly caused by the passage of time is much luckier than the "Zhu Tingyi" recorded in the Kangxi version of "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles", at least the surname Zhu has not become a surname. Because of the soldiers in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, during the Kangxi period, when Li Chenglin compiled and revised this edition of the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles", as stated in the preface, "the classics are scattered, the chronicles are peeled off, and the characters are not seen for many years", in fact, there is no reliable old chronicle to learn from, so it is inevitable that there will be a lot of such misloads in the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" compiled in this case, which is also a reasonable thing.
"Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" records that after Pan Heng, Zhu Tingyi (Zhu Zhuyi) was appointed as Shunqing Tongzhi in the eighteenth year of Chenghua (1482), and Pan Heng served as Tongzhi in Shunqing for 16 years.
Tongzhi, is an official name set up in the Ming Dynasty, for the deputy position of the prefect, is the five products, set up for things, each house set up one or two people, no fixed number. Tongzhi is mainly responsible for local salt, grain, capture and theft, river defense, maritime frontier, river engineering, water conservancy, cleaning up military registration, and soothing the people. In addition, the deputy title of Zhizhou is the same knowledge of the state, from the six products, no fixed staff, in charge of the affairs of the state.
In the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" compiled by Kangxi Li Chenglin, there are also two poems left by Pan Heng in Xichong and Guang'an.
"The Temple of the Marquis of the Chronicles" Xichong
Ming Panheng County Yin
Wei Weijie Pavilion overlooks the South Mountain, and the Xuanhe Weiling universe is in the world.
Xingze burned the whole Han industry, and Peizhong sword knew the dragon's face.
The stone bridge is full of rainbows, and the pine trees disappear and the cranes return.
Today, I am emotional, and the falling flowers and rain are spotting.
注:
(1) Xingze: Xingyang City.
(2) Long Yan: Liu Bang.
In the records involving Xichong County, the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" includes a poem by Pan Heng "The Temple of the Marquis of Ji", as well as a poem "The Temple of the General of the Passing Dynasty" by the county guard Zhang Hai.
"General Ancestral Hall" Xichong
Ming Zhang Hai is the county guard
The Qin people lost the deer and competed for power, and the Chu and Han held several battlefields.
Gaozu became a Han industry for a hundred years, and the general died to relieve Xingyang.
Gong Tong Fan Zhao Xiongyu, Ji despised Jing Ke to assassinate the first emperor.
Not only is the name of the present day, but also the sea and the sky are long.
"Xichong County Chronicles: Art and Literature" also contains this poem by Pan Heng, but it is recorded as Pan Hengzhi, the county guard. Xichong is a subordinate county of Shunqing, and naturally the "Xichong County Chronicle" records that Pan Hengzhi's identity is the county guard, so it should be the county guard of Shunqing Mansion. This is clearly wrong.
In the records involving Guang'an, the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" also includes a poem "The Stone Wall of Xingguo Temple" written by Pan Heng and Zhang Hai.
"The Stone Wall of Xingguo Temple" Guang'an
Ming Zhang Hai is the county guard
The upper hall leans on the clear mountain, and the hundred turn Dan ladder is not easy to climb.
The barren path grass is deep and cold, and the Chengtan clouds and rain dragons are also returned.
The red dust is rolling in the floating world, and the Yushu Forest is in Wangzi Mountain.
A period of wind and smoke is endless, and the horse-headed dragon candle is gone.
"The Stone Wall of Xingguo Temple" Guang'an
Ming Panheng is also aware
Zishan is out of the end of the sky, hovering and knowing how many times.
The cloud-buried stone road is narrow, and it is difficult to pass through the shoulder.
Tingwu to the mountain temple, upside down out of the far gong.
The wind spreads the horn drum of the hall, and the cloud passes the bell before the threshold.
Feng Lang has turned into a crane, and there is a peak in the current ridge.
What are the immortals, leaving a miracle for thousands of years.
There is a thousand-foot pond below, and the dragon is tortuous.
The cold snow is rushing, and the wind is fishy for ten miles.
The mountains are empty, and the wildflowers are red.
Thousands of souls take care of it, and the heavens are salty.
Yuan ape Pan Bi Ke, white crane nest pine.
But the world is worried, and the poetry is strong.
Write long questions with the help of the pen, and the words are too hard to work.
Andedan Qiuzi, with drunken alcohol.
I want to thank the dust, according to this Jinren Palace.
Between the world and the world, out of the middle of the world.
is ashamed of being in vain, and the hairpin is not tolerated.
注:
(1) End of day: the edge of the sky.
(2) How many times do you know how many times you circle: I don't know how many times there are circles and twists and turns.
(3) Shoulder: a sedan chair and other means of transportation, carried by people.
(4) If it is a verbal particle, it has no real meaning.
(5) Pavilion noon: noon, noon.
(6) Backwards out of the distant duke: the monk hurriedly came out to greet him. Upside down, anxious to go out, put the shoes down, describe the warm welcome. Yuan Gong: Jin monk Hui lives in the Donglin Temple of Lushan, the world is called Yuan Gong, here refers to the monk.
(7) Wind transmission of the temple horn drum: The drum of the temple horn is heard in the wind.
(8) Bell before the cloud passes over the threshold: The big bell before the cloud floats over the threshold of the temple.
(9) Feng Lang: refers to General Feng Qi, legend has it that he rode a crane here after becoming an immortal.
(10) There is a ridge current peak: the mountain range is used as a striker.
(11) Immortals: refers to the above sentence Feng Qi.
(12) What is Xu: I don't know where I went, but there is no trace.
In the "Guang'an Prefecture Chronicles", it is also recorded that Pan Heng and Zhang Hai each wrote the "Stone Wall of Xingguo Temple", which is the same as the content contained in the "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles". However, in the official records, "Zhang Hai Jiajing Zhongzhizhou, Pan Heng Wanli Zhongrenzhou Tongzhi". There is nothing wrong with the names and official positions of Zhang Hai and Pan Heng, but the recorded time of office is very different from Kangxi's "Shunqing Mansion Chronicles".
"Shunqing Mansion Chronicles" records that Zhizhou Zhang Hai and Tongzhi Pan Heng were both in Shunqing Mansion during the Ming Dynasty. Whether it is the Xianfeng version of "Guang'an Prefecture Chronicles" or the Guangxu Zhou Kekun edition of "Guang'an Prefecture New Chronicles", it is recorded as "Zhang Hai Jiajing Zhongzhizhou, Pan Heng Wanli Zhongrenzhou Tongzhi". According to the official records of the "New Chronicles of Guang'an Prefecture" compiled by Zhou Kekun, Zhang Hai and Pan Heng are clearly recorded as the officials of Guang'an Prefecture, not the officials of Shunqing Prefecture.
Let's ignore the fact that Zhang Hai and Pan Heng are recorded in the "Guang'an Prefecture Chronicles" in the incumbent officials, whether they are the governors and governors of Guang'an Prefecture, or the governors and states of Shunqing Prefecture, just say that they are the same two people, but the time recorded is very different from the Chenghua period recorded in the "Shunqing Prefecture Chronicles".
Chenghua (1465-1487), Jiajing (1522-1566), Wanli (1573-July 1620), even the last year of Chenghua, the difference with the first year of Jiajing was at least 35 years, and the difference from the first year of Wanli was at least 86 years.
However, in the case of Pan Heng, if we take the second year of Chenghua (1466) of the Shunqing Mansion Chronicles to the second year of Chenghua (1466) of the Shunqing Mansion Chronicles, and the Guang'an Tongzhi in the Wanli recorded in the "Guang'an New Chronicles", if we only take the earliest first year of Wanli (1573) to calculate, the span between the two is as long as 107 years. With such a huge time difference, which edition of the chronicle made an error? Now that we see the records of Pan Heng and Zhang Hai's official positions and the time of their tenure, what is the truth?
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Please indicate: "Source: Fang Zhi Sichuan"
Source: Sichuan Provincial Office of Local Chronicles
Text/Photo: Mao Chaoqun (Senior Forestry Engineer, Yingshan County Natural Resources and Planning Bureau)
Contributed by: Yingshan County Local Chronicles Office