Core Reading
Cultural subjectivity embodies people's conscious consciousness and autonomous stance in cultural activities. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to take the consolidation of cultural subjectivity as the guide, and the "two combinations" as the research path and methodological guidance, so as to provide philosophical wisdom nourishment for the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "If any culture wants to stand and go far, it must have its own subjectivity if it wants to have leadership, cohesion, shaping and radiation. "The philosophy of culture mainly uses philosophical thinking to analyze and grasp the epistemological and methodological aspects of the germination mechanism, development process, development pattern and development law of culture. Deepening the overall and systematic research and interpretation of Xi Jinping's cultural thought and continuously consolidating cultural subjectivity are important directions and key tasks for the study of cultural philosophy in the new era.
Deeply understand the connotation, characteristics and important values of cultural subjectivity
Cultural subjectivity embodies people's conscious consciousness and autonomous stance in cultural activities. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "With cultural subjectivity, there is a firm self in the cultural sense, cultural self-confidence has a fundamental support, the Communist Party of China has a strong cultural force to lead the times, the Chinese nation and the Chinese people have a solid cultural foundation of national identity, and Chinese civilization has a distinctive cultural characteristic of exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations in the world." General Secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on cultural subjectivity profoundly reveals the connotation and characteristics of cultural subjectivity, clarifies the important value of consolidating cultural subjectivity, and provides direction and guidance for deepening the research on cultural philosophy in the new era.
With cultural subjectivity, there is a firm self in the cultural sense. An important manifestation of cultural subjectivity is the autonomy and consciousness of human beings as subjects in cultural activities. With cultural subjectivity, one can form a conscious and rational cognition of one's own culture, adhere to one's own cultural attributes and positions in the turmoil of world culture, and then form a firm self-consciousness at the level of cultural significance. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to deeply study the connotation, extension and specific manifestations of self-consciousness at the level of cultural meaning from the epistemological perspective, strive to clarify the causal mechanism of consolidating cultural subjectivity and strengthening self-consciousness in cultural sense, and provide methodological support for enhancing the ambition, backbone and confidence of being Chinese.
With cultural subjectivity, cultural self-confidence has a fundamental basis. The premise of strengthening cultural self-confidence is to form a clear cultural self-knowledge and a strong cultural consciousness. Only by consolidating the subjectivity of culture can we form a comprehensive and profound understanding of the cultural origin, cultural spirit, laws of cultural evolution and cultural development trend of our own nation, understand the spiritual core and unique advantages of our own culture, and fundamentally understand where our national culture comes from and how we can be confident. At the same time, the continuous enhancement of cultural self-confidence will further highlight the characteristics and advantages of national culture, strengthen people's cultural self-knowledge and cultural consciousness, and consolidate cultural subjectivity. Deepening the research on cultural philosophy in the new era focuses on clarifying the two-way promotion effect of consolidating cultural subjectivity and strengthening cultural self-confidence from the theoretical and mechanical perspectives, so as to contribute wisdom to strengthening socialist cultural self-confidence with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist cultural power.
With cultural subjectivity, the Communist Party of China has a powerful cultural force to lead the times. Cultural activities are subjective and objective activities. With cultural subjectivity, we can continuously strengthen our initiative and initiative in cultural activities, and then gather a powerful force to transform the subjective and objective worlds. From building a national, scientific, and popular new democratic culture, to implementing the principle of "letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend," and then to putting forward the direction of "serving the people and serving socialism" after the reform and opening up...... In various historical periods, our party has always aroused the broad masses of the people to work together with its strong spiritual appeal and cultural leadership. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at the core has put cultural construction in an important position in the overall work, promoted the development of cultural inheritance to present a new atmosphere and create a new situation, and made solid steps in the construction of a socialist cultural power. To promote the research of cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to continue to deepen the systematic research, academic and physical interpretation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Cultural Thought, and use the positions, views and methods that run through it to construct a cultural and philosophical knowledge system, research paradigm, and academic theory that embodies the characteristics of the times and meets the needs of the times.
With cultural subjectivity, the Chinese nation and the Chinese people have a solid cultural foundation for national identity. Culture is the spiritual lifeblood of a nation, and cultural identity is the deepest level of identity, providing lasting and deep cultural strength for strengthening national identity. The premise of strengthening national identity on the basis of cultural identity is to consolidate cultural subjectivity and firmly adhere to the spiritual lifeline and cultural roots of the Chinese people who were born to be Chinese. The Chinese nation has a history of millions of years of human history, 10,000 years of cultural history, and more than 5,000 years of civilization history, and has formed cultural cognition, values and ethical norms with distinctive national characteristics in long-term social practice, and such a collective memory and cultural gene is the source of vitality and internal vitality of the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation, and has built a solid cultural foundation for the national identity of the Chinese nation and the Chinese people. To promote the study of cultural philosophy in the new era, it is important to adhere to the combination of theory and practice, the integration of history and reality, and the unity of epistemology and methodology, in-depth study of the "core code" of Chinese culture, explain the unique spiritual identity and emotional bond of the Chinese nation, and build a solid cultural foundation for strengthening the national identity of the Chinese nation and the Chinese people.
With cultural subjectivity, Chinese civilization has a distinctive cultural characteristic of exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations in the world. Culture has multiple forms, and the process of cultural activities is also a process of multicultural communication, mutual influence and shaping. In order to continue to grow and develop in multicultural exchanges and mutual learning, rather than being alienated or "othered", it is necessary to have a solid and stable cultural subjectivity. The reason why the Chinese civilization has become the only great civilization in the world that has continued to develop in the form of a state to this day lies in its solid cultural subjectivity. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to take the outstanding continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness and peace of Chinese civilization as the basis, and focus on consolidating cultural subjectivity and strengthening cultural self-confidence, deeply study and explain the distinctive characteristics and deep advantages of Chinese culture in world cultural exchanges and mutual learning, and contribute academic wisdom to enhance the national cultural soft power and the influence of Chinese culture.
Adhere to the "two combinations" as the research path and methodological guidance
Cultural subjectivity is related to the cultural autonomy, cultural consciousness and cultural self-confidence of a country and a nation. The cultural subjectivity of contemporary China is established by combining the basic tenets of Marxism with the specific reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and the establishment of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the most powerful embodiment of this cultural subjectivity. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, we must adhere to the "two combinations" as the research path and methodology guidance, continue to consolidate cultural subjectivity in the "two combinations", and promote the life renewal and modern transformation of Chinese civilization.
Stick to the "soul vein" and "root vein". Marxism is a powerful ideological weapon for us to understand the world, grasp the laws, pursue truth, and transform the world. The excellent traditional Chinese culture is the crystallization and essence of the wisdom of the Chinese civilization, the root and soul of the Chinese nation, and the foundation for us to gain a firm foothold in the turmoil of world culture. Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture come from different sources, but they have a high degree of compatibility with each other, and the mutual achievements of the two have created an organic and unified new cultural life, and at the same time, it has also opened up a broad space for deepening the research on cultural philosophy in the new era. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era through the path of "two combinations", we must adhere to the soul of Marxism and the root of China's excellent traditional culture, and explore the vitality of consolidating cultural subjectivity in the new era from the new cultural life created by the "second combination". Based on the vast cultural space opened up by the "second combination", it is necessary to construct China's independent cultural and philosophical knowledge system, develop academic theories of cultural philosophy with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style, and innovate and develop Marxist cultural theories that are Chinese and modernized.
Concentrate on solving the "ancient and modern Chinese and Western disputes". "The controversy between ancient and modern China and the West" is an important topic that has been faced for a long time in the study of cultural philosophy. In a certain sense, the so-called "ancient and modern dispute between China and the West" is also a dispute over the right to cultural discourse, which is related to cultural subjectivity. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "After long-term efforts, we are more qualified than any previous era to solve the 'ancient and modern Chinese and Western disputes', and more urgently than any previous era is in urgent need of a batch of cultural achievements that fuse the ancient and modern and connect China and the West." It is precisely in the "two combinations" that we have continuously opened up a new realm of Marxism in the Chinese era, carried out cultural creation in practice and creation, and continuously promoted the renewal of the life and modern transformation of Chinese civilization in the course of historical progress, that our party has led the people to successfully explore the cultural form of Chinese-style modernization, effectively consolidated the cultural subjectivity, and laid a solid foundation for solving the "ancient and modern dispute between China and the West". To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to focus on the new culture formed through the "second combination", with the goal of enriching and developing the cultural form of Chinese-style modernization, and to obtain a large number of high-quality research results that reflect the characteristics of the times, grasp the regularity, be creative, and highlight the cultural subjectivity in the fusion of the ancient and modern, and the integration of China and the West, so as to make academic contributions to solving the "dispute between ancient and modern China and the West".
Promote the realization of spiritual independence. One of the important manifestations of cultural subjectivity is spiritual independence. As far as the study of cultural philosophy is concerned, only by consolidating cultural subjectivity and realizing spiritual independence can we completely get rid of the mentality of "words must be called Greek" and "words must be called Western". With the prosperity and development of culture in the new era, the study of cultural philosophy in mainland China has made great progress, but some researchers are still accustomed to copying and applying Western academic theories to study and interpret cultural phenomena and cultural practices in the new era, which is not advisable. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, we should not only uphold an open and inclusive attitude to promote academic exchanges, but also insist on focusing on ourselves and using them for our own use, and use our own discipline system, academic system, and discourse system to study and interpret the cultural practice of the new era in the "two combinations", so as to enrich and develop the cultural philosophy of the new era with the cultural practice of the new era.
Identify the focus of promoting the research of cultural philosophy in the new era
Man is the existence of culture, and man's practical activities provide rich perceptual materials for the study of cultural philosophy. To promote the research of cultural philosophy in the new era under the guidance of consolidating cultural subjectivity, it is important to discover research topics from the practice of Chinese-style modernization and stimulate innovation inspiration.
To build the modern civilization of the Chinese nation with "civilization renewal". Chinese modernization is the result of the renewal of civilization and has created a new form of human civilization. This new form of human civilization is deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture and embodies the advanced nature of scientific socialism, and at the same time, it actively draws on and absorbs all the achievements of human civilization, represents the development direction of human civilization progress, and presents a new picture different from the Western modernization model. To promote the study of cultural philosophy in the new era under the guidance of consolidating cultural subjectivity, the focus is on in-depth research on the historical, theoretical, and practical logic of understanding and dealing with the historical, theoretical, and practical logic of tradition and modernity, local and foreign, and civilization continuity and innovation in the process of civilization renewal and evolution of Chinese-style modernization, so as to provide philosophical wisdom nourishment for the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.
Promote the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization with the "new life of the old state". Chinese-style modernization is the new life of the Chinese nation. The continuous advancement and expansion of Chinese-style modernization has endowed the ancient Chinese civilization with modern strength, greatly enhanced the cultural self-confidence of the Chinese nation, and effectively consolidated the subjectivity of Chinese culture. To deepen the research on cultural philosophy in the new era, it is necessary to understand and grasp the relationship between Chinese-style modernization and Chinese civilization with dialectical thinking, deeply explore the profound heritage of Chinese-style modernization through the past and the present, and the modern forces that seek innovation and change and lead the times, and strive to explain the evolutionary trajectory and dynamic composition of Chinese cultural innovation and development in the process of Chinese-style modernization, so as to provide epistemological and practical support for promoting the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization.
"Mutual learning among civilizations" integrates China and foreign countries. Diversity is a distinctive feature of the development of human civilization. In Chinese philosophy and Chinese culture, "same" mainly refers to singleness, while "harmony" refers to difference and diversity. The more complex and volatile the world situation is, the more necessary it is to respect cultural differences and diversity, and the more it is necessary to exchange and dialogue among different civilizations on an equal footing. To promote the study of cultural philosophy in the new era under the guidance of consolidating cultural subjectivity, it is necessary to promote dialogue and exchanges between Chinese and foreign academic circles with a broad vision of the world, transcend the estrangement of civilizations, transcend the clash of civilizations, and transcend the superiority of civilizations through exchanges and mutual learning, and promote the harmonious coexistence and complementarity of human diverse civilizations through exchanges and mutual learning.
(The author is a professor at the School of Marxism, Tsinghua University)
Source: People's Daily
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