Shenzhen Business Daily Reading Client Reporter Wu Suhong Correspondent Feng Xiaoning
The two-day Baichuan Forum, "Global Economic Governance: China and the World 2024 Seminar", was held in Shenzhen. From April 27th to 28th, well-known experts and scholars from all over the world delivered keynote speeches on hot topics of global economic governance and had heated discussions.
——Zhang Yuyan: How to solve the global governance deficit?
At the Baichuan Forum held on April 27, Professor Zhang Yuyan, member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics, gave a vivid theoretical explanation of the "global governance deficit". Zhang Yuyan said that in order to solve the global governance deficit, we need to create some new concepts, such as putting forward key concepts such as governance balance, stakeholding, and national identity, as a "brick by brick" to build a theoretical edifice, and better build an independent knowledge system of global governance.
He believes that in the absence of a world government, the international community cannot exert coercive force on sovereign states, ensure the stability of governance order, and ensure the supply of public goods. To overcome the deficit of global governance at the practical level, it is necessary to think about the origin of the problem from the depth of theory and form a self-constrained global governance system with the help of the principal-agent relationship.
"The current great power game is characterized by a negative-sum game," Zhang Yuyan explained, adding that major developed countries uphold the game thinking of "I can lose, as long as you lose more". He stressed that we should clearly see the current trend of the great power game -- the developed countries represented by the United States are not only pursuing the improvement of economic welfare, but also widening the power gap with their opponents, because the bigger the gap, the more secure they feel. Policies such as the so-called friendly shoring and nearshoring are all subordinate to this goal.
△Professor Zhang Yuyan gave a keynote speech (Source: Organizer)
——Zhang Yansheng: The development of new quality productivity requires the improvement of total factor productivity
"The development of new productive forces requires institutional openness to face geopolitical challenges. Professor Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher of the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, pointed out that in the face of great changes in the world unseen in a century, the new international environment constitutes the prelude to the strategic game between China and the United States. He proposed three important indicators to measure the strategic competition between China and the United States, namely China's GDP as a proportion of the United States, China's total factor productivity as a proportion of the United States, and China's ROE (Return on equity) as a proportion of the U.S. ROE. He stressed that the core indicator of the new quality productivity is to observe the changes in the proportion of China's total factor productivity in the United States. Therefore, China needs to improve its competition policy, structural policy and innovation policy to cope with the changes.
Zhang Yansheng believes that the development of new quality productivity at the national level needs to improve total factor productivity, and the improvement of total factor productivity is the focus of research on the basic idea of the "15th Five-Year Plan". China's next step is to shift from economic growth supported by factor input growth to a new stage of economic growth supported by total factor productivity growth, and lead industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation. "We must adhere to the last word of high-quality development, and adhere to this 'truth' for generations, more than ten generations, and dozens of generations," Zhang Yansheng said.
△Professor Zhang Yansheng gave a keynote speech (Source: Organizer)
——Xue Lan: China is an overall leader in academic research in the field of artificial intelligence
In his keynote speech, Xue Lan, Senior Professor of Liberal Arts, Dean of Schwarzman College, Director of the Academic Committee of the School of Public Management, and Dean of the Institute of International Governance of Artificial Intelligence, shared his thoughts on the theme of "Development and Governance of Artificial Intelligence" from the aspects of the development, application, governance, challenges, and future direction of artificial intelligence technology.
Xue Lan believes that China is generally leading in academic research in the field of artificial intelligence. "In the field of artificial intelligence, China and the United States are at the forefront. China is generally leading in the number of academic research publications, patent applications and grants, and the United States is in a leading position in cutting-edge large-scale model research. In addition, Xue Lan pointed out that in the field of artificial intelligence, the relationship between academia and industry is getting closer and closer. In the past, most of the invention of key machine learning models originated in academia, but 2014 was a "watershed" when industry began to overtake academia to play the "leading role" in the research of key learning models for artificial intelligence.
"Although AI technology has a broader application prospect in the future, there are still many risks to consider if the technology is to be truly implemented. Xue Lan pointed out that there are four major risks in the development of artificial intelligence: the first is the risk of ethical security, the second is the risk of the industrial level, the large model industry is easy to form an oligopoly pattern, the third is the risk of the social level, the impact on the employment system, the education system, the distribution system, etc., and the fourth is the risk of the political level, the impact of the large model on public opinion, ideology, and political trust.
Xue Lan proposed China's solution and governance. He pointed out that at the local government level, local governments such as Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Zhejiang, and Shenzhen have introduced various incentives and governance measures for the development of artificial intelligence, and have formed a multi-dimensional, multi-field, and multi-level complete governance system for artificial intelligence. However, China still needs to continue to strengthen the basic, original and cutting-edge research of artificial intelligence, and truly strengthen the improvement of the system, mechanism and innovation ecology in the frontier application field.
△ Conference site (source: organizer)
Editor: Huang Xiaomin
Review: Qiao Huiqing