In the spring budding and growth of fruit trees until the fruit trees are ripe and picked in autumn, I believe that most fruit farmers will often encounter two situations: the young and tender new tops germinating on the fruit trees are often inexplicably wilted, broken and dead, and the fruit trees bear fruit (from the young fruit stage to the ripe harvest) often have insect eyes on the surface of the fruit (the eyes of the insect parts become black and rotten when wet), the internal flesh is rotten and rotten, or a large number of young fruits fall early.
This situation occurs most often on peach trees, followed by apple trees and pear trees, and other trees such as cherry trees, hawthorn trees, jujube trees, apricot trees, plum trees, bayberry trees, loquat trees, etc., such as peach, pear and apple trees planted in the fruit tree planting areas of the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin will also occur in a large area every year.
The pear heartworm causes a new slight wilt
If you peel off the withered and broken young new fruit on the fruit tree or break the fruit with rotten insect eyes, you will find that there will be 1-3 small insects in the new fruit and the fruit. This small insect is actually what our fruit farmers often call the fold worm and the heart-eating fruit borer (the same kind of worm), whether you call it the fold worm or the heart-eating fruit borer, it is actually the larvae of the oriental fruit moth (a kind of lepidopteran leaf curler, the scientific name is the pear heartworm, referred to as "pear small"), commonly known as the fold worm or heart-eating worm.
Now most of the fruit trees are in the new growth period and flowering and fruit setting period, at this time your fruit trees are about to usher in the first peak period of pear heartworm, as a fruit farmer, you need to focus on the prevention and control of pear heartworm, otherwise in the next 4-10 months, your fruit trees may be due to the pear heartworm prevention and control is not conducive to a large area throughout the year, such as withering, rotten fruit and other yield reduction problems.
The pear heartworm causes fruit rot
In today's article, I will tell you about the comprehensive control and management technology of pear heartworms, which can tell you which methods can prevent and kill pear heartworms on orchard fruit trees, and prevent them from harming the new fruits on your fruit trees.
1. Avoid mixing multiple fruit trees in the same orchard
The agricultural technology small back basket has been mentioned to you above: pear heartworm can parasitize and harm a lot of fruit tree species, they can be from spring to autumn from different kinds of fruit trees to migrate and harm, therefore, if you want to prevent and control pear heartworm in the orchard, first of all, when building a new orchard, you must not plant different kinds of fruit trees in the same orchard, especially the peach tree, pear tree, apple tree, etc. (including other plum trees, apricot trees, cherry trees, hawthorn trees and other fruit trees that are susceptible to insect pests), and mixed planting should not be carried out.
2. Check the occurrence of insect pests on fruit trees at any time from April
From April in spring, everyone should often go to the orchard at any time to check the occurrence of pear pests on the fruit trees, one is to check the oviposition of adults in the orchard and fruit trees (control oviposition), and the other is to check the hatching of larvae in the orchard and on the fruit trees. Here's how:
(1) Detection of the incidence of adult worms: starting in early April, hang some sexual core traps (bought from the Internet) or hang some sweet and sour wine adult trap pots on the fruit trees in the orchard (you can use white/brown sugar, vinegar, high-concentration liquor, and water to prepare yourself in the ratio of 1:4:1:16), if the sexual core trap or sweet and sour wine adult trap trap pot catches more than 1 pear heartworm adults within a week, then it is necessary to quickly pass agricultural measures, biological measures, Physical measures or chemical measures (the specific methods will be discussed in detail below) to control the pear heartworm in the orchard.
(2) Check the incidence of larvae: from mid-April to July-August, check the new tender and newly established larval pests of fruit trees at any time, and it is recommended to check once every 3-5 days. If you find that there is a new little on the fruit tree that has just begun to wilt and has not yet yellowed and the gum has broken and dried (the worm will not be found in the new slightly that has been yellowed and dried and broken), you can peel off the wilted new slightly to see if there are larvae in it (all the insects found must be cut off), if you find that there are insect eyes, insect droppings, If the incidence of new insect pests or larval insect pests on your fruit trees has reached 0.5-0.1%, you must take multiple measures to eliminate and control pear heart-eating insect pests in the orchard.
3. It can be used to kill and control the insecticide and the concentration of pear heartworm
(1) Insecticides that can be used: When it is found that the eggs of the pear heartworm have just begun to appear in the new and young fruits of your fruit tree, or when your orchard reaches the peak oviposition period of the adult worm of the pear heartworm and the early stage of concentrated larval incubation (before the peak larval hatching period), or in mid-April, early May, mid-June, early July, mid-August, and early September, you can use 2000-3000 times of 20% chlorantraniliprole, 2000-3000 times of 20% flubeniliprole, 1500-2000 times of 12% indoxacarb, 2000-2500 times of 20% deltamethrin, 1500-2000 times of 4.5% cyhalothrin, 1500-2000 times of 20% fenvalerate, 3000-4000 times of 1.8% avermectin, 1500-2000 times of 5% lice carica, 1000-1500 times of 20% chlorofamide No. 3 (it is recommended to compound cyhalothrin), 2000-2500 times of 2% emamectin salt, etc.
(2) The insecticidal compound insecticidal effect is better: when spraying pesticides to kill the pear heartworm, the above drugs should be mixed with other insecticides as much as possible, such as the preparation of pharmaceutical liquids, avermectin, emamectin, cyhalothrin and other insecticides spraying (such as high chlorine + chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyramidura + avermectin, emamectin salt + cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin + cyhalothrin, cyhalothrin + Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus thuringiensis + deltamethrin, emamectin benzoate + lice carica, chlorantraniliprole + lice cardia, etc.), so as to improve the comprehensive and thorough insecticidal and egg-killing effect.
(3) Precautions for spraying pesticides and insecticides: The agricultural technology small back basket reminds everyone to pay attention to the following two points when spraying: (1) do not use the same insecticide or the same insecticide mixture formula every time; (2) when spraying, we should focus on spraying the young and tender new slightly (slightly topping) on the fruit tree, and focus on spraying the back position of the new leaves.
Rotten peach fruit caused by pear heartworm infestation
Fourth, take multiple measures to comprehensively control the damage of pear heartworms on fruit trees
The first method: before the fruit tree sprouts, the orchard is thoroughly cleaned in combination with the fruit tree pruning of diseased and insect dead branches and the old warping bark of the branches, etc., and then the whole garden ground + fruit trees are carefully sprayed with 3-5 Baumé stone sulfur mixture 1 times, requiring the ground to be sprayed wet, and all the branches of the tree body are sprayed wet.
The second method: from the end of March to the middle of April in spring, sprinkle phosphine granules (mixed with fine sand and sprinkle) on the orchard ground for shallow ploughing, so as to kill the pear heartworms that are about to hatch.
The third method: in the new growth period of fruit trees, often check the orchard, and find that there are new trees in the orchard that have just begun to sporadically wither and droop, and must be cut off in time and taken out of the orchard to bury or burn them, and can not wait until the new ones that are harmed by the pear heartworm begin to flow gum, yellow, or even break and dry up, and then cut them off, so it is too late, because the insects are no longer in this new little and have been transferred to other new ones.
Cut off the yellow wilt slightly
The fourth method: before the fruit tree blooms and within 7-10 days after flowering, the young fruit is about to swell (half a month after flowering) to bag all the fruit in time, and the young fruit with insect eyes should be removed and taken out of the garden. The orchard without bagging inspects the fruits on the fruit trees every 1 week, finds the insects and fruits at any time, picks them at any time, and all the insects and fruits that fall on the ground must be picked out of the garden and buried deeply. It is one of the most effective ways to control pear heart-eating insect pests by bagging fruit trees as soon as possible, so that the adults in the yard cannot lay eggs on the surface of the young fruits, and so that the new and slightly middle larvae on the trees cannot be transferred to the young fruits.
Bagging of young fruits
The fifth method: from early April to mid-October, you can hang sexual core traps in the orchard (10-15 per mu, change once every 1-2 months), distorted silk disruptor rods (hang 1-2 per tree, hang at the upwind of the fruit tree, the greater the hanging density, the better), sweet and sour wine self-medicated liquid basin (15-20 per mu of orchard, add liquid once every 5-7 days, and replace it once every 1-2 weeks), yellow sticky insect board (hang 40-50 per mu, change when it is full of insects), black light insecticidal lamp/ Solar frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps (turned on when it gets dark in the evening and turned off in the morning after the sun rises) to trap the adults of the pear heartworm in the orchard for a long time, and the females that disturb the pear heartworm cannot mate and lay eggs.
The sixth method: before and after the autumn fruit picking, the old mature larvae of the pear heartworm that are grabbed on the fruit tree are drilled out of the fruit and fall to the ground to dormant and overwinter, and the hay bundle can be tied to the base of the trunk in the orchard to attract the larvae who are ready to overwinter in the ground to gather, and wait until the spring of the next year to warm up before the removal of the centralized incineration.
The seventh method: for the protective planting orchards that are not suitable for spraying pesticides, you can control insect pests by releasing beneficial insects that can capture and eliminate pear heartworms in the orchard by releasing them to control insect pests, such as red-eyed bees, parasitic bees, jibees, white cocoon bees, lacewings, etc., each time these beneficial insects that can prey on pear heartworms, it is recommended to release 3-40,000 per mu of orchards, 7-10 days to release 1 time, It can be released in 2-3 times. Note: Stop spraying pesticides immediately half a month before bees are released in the orchard, otherwise the pesticides will directly kill these beneficial insects in the orchard.
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