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On April 4, 2024, CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, the world's highest academic journal with the highest impact factor, released the latest global cancer burden data for 2022. The latest data shows that lung cancer has surpassed breast cancer to become the number one cancer in the world again.
According to the latest assessment data from the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), in 2022, there were 19.96 million new cancer cases and 9.74 million cancer deaths worldwide. The results of the assessment show that about one in five men or women will develop cancer in their lifetime, while about one in nine men and one in twelve women will die from cancer.
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and the most common cancer in China. In China, there will be about 4.8 million new cancer cases in 2022 (accounting for 24% of the global total) and about 2.6 million cancer deaths (26.7% of the global total), of which the top five cancers with the highest number of new cancer cases are lung cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer, liver cancer and breast cancer, which account for 57.5% of the total number of new cancer cases. The top five cancers in cancer deaths were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, and esophageal cancer, which accounted for 67.5% of the total cancer deaths.
In China, the risk of cancer in men was 209.6 cases per 100,000 people, and the cumulative risk of cancer before the age of 75 was 21.79%, and the risk of cancer in women was 197.0 cases per 100,000 people, and the cumulative risk of cancer before the age of 75 was 19.29%. The risk of cancer death in men was 127.5 cases per 100,000 people, and the cumulative risk of cancer death before the age of 75 was 13.5%. The risk of cancer death in women was 67.8 per 100,000 people, and the cumulative risk of cancer death before the age of 75 was 7.1%.
Projections based on population growth and aging trends, assuming that the overall cancer incidence remains constant, is projected to have more than 35 million new cases of cancer in 2050, a 77% increase from 20 million in 2022. The demographic transition is a key driver of the scale of the cancer burden, with the global population around 8 billion in 2022 and 9.7 billion by 2050.
Introduction to the types of lung cancer
Lung cancer can be broadly divided into two categories according to the type of pathology: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer, which have very different treatment options and prognosis. Non-small cell lung cancer accounts for about 80% of lung cancer, including a variety of pathological types: squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma, etc.
CTLA-4 antibody drugs
CTLA-4, also known as CD152, is a protein receptor that acts as an immune checkpoint. Its regular function in the body is to downregulate the body's immune response and prevent autoimmune diseases. However, cancer cells can absorb the CTLA-4 mechanism to suppress T cells, which are essential for the body's immune system, thereby inhibiting the effects of the body's natural immune response to tumors.
At present, CTLA-4 antibody drugs are mainly used for hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. According to Frost & Sullivan's data, the total number of cases of CTLA-4 antibody in the main indications has been increasing year by year in recent years.
In terms of breakdown, among the main indications of CTLA-4 antibody, non-small cell lung cancer has the largest number of cases; In 2020, the number of cases of non-small cell lung cancer was 1.876 million, accounting for 70%; It then rose to 1.926 million cases in 2021, accounting for about 70%.
Note: The left is 2020 and the right is 2021.
Global CTLA-4 antibody drug market size trend
According to Frost & Sullivan's forecast, with the increase in the number of cases of CTLA-4 antibody antibody in the main indications, the global CTLA-4 antibody drug market size is also increasing year by year; It will rise to $4.6 billion from 2022 to 2025, with a CAGR of 22.4%, followed by a CAGR of 15.4% to $9.5 billion in 2030.
Wang Zhiqiang, deputy director of the Thoracic Cancer Center of the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chongqing University, reminded that lung cancer is not a genetic disease, but it has a certain familial aggregation and genetic predisposition.
"Currently, low-dose CT is the test of choice for screening for lung cancer. Wang Zhiqiang suggested that people over the age of 40 should have a low-dose CT every two years, and if they are long-term smokers, people in high-risk occupations, or have first-degree relatives suffering from lung cancer, it is recommended once a year.
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For more research and analysis of this industry, please refer to the "Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report of China's Antibody Drug Industry" by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute
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