#精品长文创作季#
Most of the time, the Indian media is singing about China, but the report in the Sino-US science and technology war rarely cites the report of the British media "Financial Times", under the blockade of the United States, China did not choose to succumb, but to develop independently, the United States has lost 74 billion US dollars, although China is also facing the same heavy losses, but China has completely established a high-tech industrial chain, the United States may even regret the intestines!
The Sino-US science and technology war, China's hard work to the end of independent development
THE FINANCIAL TIMES REPORTED ON MARCH 24 THAT CHINA IS PHASING OUT INTEL AND AMD PROCESSORS ON GOVERNMENT COMPUTERS AND SERVERS AND REPLACING THEM WITH DOMESTICALLY PRODUCED CPUS, AND THE NEW POLICY EVEN CALLS FOR THE MARGINALIZATION OF MICROSOFT'S WINDOWS SYSTEM AND DATABASE SOFTWARE FROM ABROAD IN FAVOR OF DOMESTIC DATABASES.
The Financial Times said the latest move to replace standard U.S. computer software and hardware is part of a massive "technology war" that, on a deeper level, represents the full nature of the new great power competition between China and the United States, in which the two countries compete in the political, economic, technological and military spheres, in a "war" in which neither side can afford to lose Recently, U.S. Secretary of Commerce Raimondo also clamored to tighten chip technology, but in the long run, China may benefit more, because China has established its own standard industrial chain from the U.S. high-tech blockade.
From CPUs and software to chip manufacturing: the U.S. is a bit panicked
On December 26, 2023, the Financial Times said, the Chinese government introduced a very low-key measure that requires Chinese government procurement of computers to comply with "the latest regulations on personal computers, laptops and servers", requiring "government agencies and party organizations at and above the township level" to include "safe and reliable" processors and operating systems in their procurement.
Among the 18 approved processors are chips from Huawei and Feiteng, both of which are currently on Washington's export blacklist, and Chinese processor makers are using multiple chip architectures, including Intel's x86, Arm and self-developed chips, while the operating system is derived from open-source Linux software. ”
The move would cost Intel and AMD dearly, as China is Intel's largest market, accounting for 27 percent of its $54 billion in sales and 15 percent of AMD's $23 billion in sales. After former U.S. President Trump first started the Sino-US technology war, U.S. technology and computer hardware companies have been reluctant to participate in this war without gunpowder for commercial interests, but after the Biden administration's hysterical policy of curbing China's technological development is "politically correct", major companies have no choice but to cut off China in order to save their lives, but the consequences are very serious.
The reason is very simple, because China is not a blank slate, China has been trying to create a unique software ecosystem in China in terms of software, such as the operating system, the domestic reputation is relatively good depth Deepin, UnionTech UOS, UbuntuKylin and ZTE New Starting Point are relatively excellent, and the software can replace OFFICE's WPS, There is also ZWCAD in CAD and three-dimensional design, etc., in fact, you can flip through it, many software can find a domestic alternative version, which can create a purely domestic application environment.
In addition to these commonly used software, there are also industry design software, such as EDA software for electronic circuit and PCB design and chip design, especially EDA (Electronic Design Automation), which is the basic tool for electronic product design, and this development is quite interesting:
The global market is currently dominated by a small number of vendors, Siemens EDA (Mentor Graphics), Cadence, Zuken, and Altium, which accounted for 69% of the segment in 2019. However, EDA software in China is growing rapidly, and Altium has quickly become one of the major PCB suppliers in the country over the past few years
After Trump came to power, it was the prime time for the development of China's domestic software, and the United States specifically banned the use of Chinese software in the industry in order to curb the development of China's science and technology, the most typical case is the MATLAB incident in 2020, on June 11, 2020, the American commercial software MATLAB purchased by Harbin Institute of Technology was deactivated and unusable.
MATLAB software is developed by Math Works in the United States, is a high-tech computing language and interactive environment integration software, widely used in algorithm development, data analysis, data visualization, simulation modeling and numerical computing and other aspects of research, more than 6,500 universities around the world are using this software, HKG is also one of them.
MATLAB software is indeed very good, but this is a very subdivided niche field, MATLAB after the entry of other simulation modeling software is difficult to insert a bar, the blockade of the United States has given the domestic software opportunities in this field, such as domestic modeling and simulation software Truffer and MWorks, etc., if Harbin Institute of Technology MATLAB does not come out of this file, it is estimated that many people do not know that there are such top simulation software in China.
In addition to the field of software, China is "forced" From the beginning of Trump to the Biden era, the two US presidents have launched round after round of chip sanctions against China, from prohibiting China from buying high-end chips to prohibiting TSMC and Japanese and South Korean companies from producing high-end chips for China, and then to ASML's ban on the export of lithography machines below the 14nm process to China, trying to curb the development of China's chip industry from the whole system of the industrial chain?
At the end of August 2023, the U.S. Secretary of Commerce Raimondo was welcome to visit, and the Huawei MATE 60 PRO equipped with the Hisilicon Kirin 9000s chip was born, equivalent to the 7nm process, and it also comes with a 5G baseband, and the test download rate exceeds Apple's 5G, but the problem is that until now, everyone has not been able to figure out where this chip is produced.
Huawei's P70 is also about to be released, it is rumored that P70 may be equipped with 9000L chips, and the process may have surpassed the "low nano process" technology created by TSMC, because TSMC must continue to tell stories in order to maintain the high profits brought by the low nano process, and to limit the new players who join the track with technical barriers! But Huawei has seen through TSMC's lies and turned to multi-core and multi-threaded technology, and everyone will realize the advantages of Huawei's newly opened track after Hongmeng 5.0 is on.
The other is Huawei's computing GPU, which reported on March 22 that Huawei's computing GPU shipments will be about 100,000 pieces in 2023, and the production capacity will increase to hundreds of thousands in 2024. However, this significant increase in production still cannot meet market demand, and the current demand for Huawei's computing power GPUs has reached millions of pieces, and hundreds of thousands of pieces have been ordered in January this year alone.
According to multiple agents, the listing price of Huawei's computing power GPU launched in August 2023 is about 70,000 yuan, and after at least two price increases, the current market price has reached about 120,000 yuan, but it is still difficult to find a card.
From 2018 to 2023, South Korea's memory chip exports plummeted from $83 billion to $42.9 billion, nearly halving. The reason is very simple, China's memory chips have sprung up, and China's memory chips have been firmly in the first place in the world after surpassing South Korea with a market share of 27.2% in 2019!
Since the United States implemented export controls on China in October 2022, South Korea's semiconductor exports have declined sharply, the industry is sluggish, and the United States and Japan are competing for South Korea's semiconductor talents.
There is also quite interesting news, on March 2, Fujian Jinhua won the lawsuit of the U.S. Department of Justice, of course, Jinhua can win not because the United States has any kindness, but Micron in order to save the mainland market, in 2018, Micron's revenue in China is as high as 56%, and more than half of its revenue comes from the Chinese market, after the Sino-US technology "war", Micron's Chinese revenue in 2022 has fallen to 11% Micron panicked because Chinese memory chips can completely ignore foreign manufacturers, so Micron hurriedly lobbied anti-China politicians to stop and reconcile with Jinhua in an attempt to save the Chinese market.
A visible localization substitution process is taking place, when the author just graduated and entered the computer field to work, the domestic computer communication market is CISCO, 3COM and NORTEL (AVAYA) products, servers are IBM and SUN and DELL products, but by 2010 or so, the domestic market has basically been occupied by domestic Huawei and H3C and Harbor products, the server has been Lenovo, Inspur and Huawei and so on.
Of course, although there will be a lot of friction between China and the United States, it is not enough to block China's technology with chips as a bargaining chip, but after Trump and Biden, these so-called "domestic equipment" in the chips imported from abroad have also been forced to be replaced by domestic ones, and China has also established a full industrial chain.
Changing chips for electronic equipment is a big deal, because the performance of electronic equipment is very important, but stable operation is more important, the stability of the chip tested by long-term large-scale operation must be no problem, and the entire after-sales team has been very experienced in maintenance after years of running-in, changing the chip will destroy the chain, one is that the stability needs to be re-verified, and the after-sales maintenance team needs to be trained, the cost is so big that it is difficult for you to save a few dollars on the chip to dilute the cost in just a few years.
However, the Americans took action to ban the export of high-performance chips to China, trying to strangle China in high-performance chips, and indeed China encountered unimaginable difficulties in a short period of time, but what the United States did not expect was that China survived! This export ban also made the domestic chip market "the wolf really came" Some chips that are not on the list of prohibited exports in the United States have also begun to seek domestic substitutes, and even some foreign companies in China have specially exported domestic chips to Chinese companies to land in China, so as not to expand the scope of the ban on the export of American chips and have no chips at that time, which is really unexpected by the United States, not only inadvertently cultivating China's entire industrial chain, but also making this industrial chain invisibly too large.
From the whole machine to domestic assembly, to domestic research and development, and then to upgrade to the industrial chain, the United States has played a very key step in helping, if the Americans do not engage in this strategy, it is estimated that China's real localization will not be completed for decades, and now more than half of it has been completed in just a few years, is it to award Trump and Biden a medal?
All-out competition between China and the United States: The United States may no longer have a chance
China and the United States have entered a state of competition in an all-round way, whether it is in the economic or scientific and technological fields, or in the military field, it seems that China and the United States have a lot of faces, but there is only one core area, the competition between major powers, that is, the battle for efficiency, the most critical of which is the competition for manufacturing efficiency!
Musk has deeply realized where the difference between China and the United States is, Tesla has been put into production in Shanghai for 11 months, and 90% of Tesla's parts produced by Shanghai's super factory come from the domestic industrial chain, and the localization rate is even higher than that of domestic car companies, and Tesla's multiple price cuts since 2023 can let everyone know that the cost control of Tesla's Shanghai super factory has reached the extreme, all of which depends on the speed and efficiency of China's manufacturing industry chain.
35% share of global manufacturing output value in China, more than the sum of the next 10 countries and regions, this result is quite terrible, because the core of competition lies in the quality and cost of products, if a product quality is better and the cost is lower, the market will vote with its feet, the shrinkage of manufacturing in Europe and the United States is irreversible, because the cost problem will not come back, Biden even if he threatens them with nuclear bombs.
On the basis of manufacturing, China is related to and mutually created high-speed rail and highways, as well as the construction of national highway systems and maritime ports, China has the world's longest high-speed rail line, highway mileage, and China accounts for 9 of the world's top ten ports! In the field of communications, China accounts for 2/3 of the world's 4G base stations and 5G base stations, so China's e-commerce is very developed, and mobile payment is popularized to the village level, which no country can copy.
In 2023, China's automobile exports will historically surpass Japan, with China's advantages in the field of electric vehicles not greatly increased, the gap will continue to expand after surpassing, and the solar energy industry accounts for 85% of the world's production capacity, the world's first shipbuilding industry, the world's first power generation, as well as cement production, chemical fiber production, automobile production, mobile phone production, total trade, Internet users, etc., the first field is a bit much, not to list them one by one, interested friends can learn about it.
Extended reading: Is it hard to change operating systems?
THERE MUST BE MANY NETIZENS WHO WILL ASK THIS QUESTION, AS ORDINARY USERS, IS IT DIFFICULT FOR US TO ADAPT TO THE HABITS OF USE AFTER CHANGING THE OPERATING SYSTEM? THERE IS STILL SOME DIFFICULTY, AT LEAST WE HAVE TO ADAPT TO THE USE OF THE HABIT FOR A PERIOD OF TIME, SUCH AS CHANGING FROM THE FAMILIAR WINDOWS DESKTOP OPERATING SYSTEM TO THE LINUX VERSION, CAN IT MEET THE DAILY WORK?
The answer is obviously yes, we use some office software every day, do text and tables, write emails, or use the company's ERP management system, and then there is the Internet, listen to music and watch videos, etc., just like familiar with the use of computers and seamlessly switch to smartphones, because the Android system is built on the underlying system of LINUX, which has never heard anyone say that mobile phones are not used to using the computer must be used.
So you don't have to worry about changing the operating system after you can't use it, there is no such thing at all, the only trouble is the IT management personnel, they switch the system is a very painful process, reinstalling the system is the biggest workload, and you have to configure the working environment one by one, if the number of units is large, it is really not done by people, of course, there are now linux deployment tools, and the operation problem can still be solved by compiling it yourself.