Mr. Peng loves to train people, and has fought with Huang Kecheng for almost half a lifetime, and is one of the three people that Zhang Aiping admires

Peng was always one of the revolutionary fathers I most admired. Remembering his immortal exploits, feeling his great personality, and experiencing the deep friendship between him and his comrades-in-arms and subordinates, I have always wanted to write something.

General Manager Peng was concerned about the well-being of the masses and the livelihood of the grass-roots units of the troops; during his time in charge of the work of the army, he lowered the salaries of senior cadres several times and increased the salaries of cadres below the battalion level.

Mr. Peng is open-minded and upright, not the kind of person who loves to engage in small circles, and is not used to pulling and pulling that set. Among the top echelons of the party, he had more "personal relations" with Mr. Zhu. When Peng Zong served as the commander of the Red Third Army and the deputy commander of the Eighth Route Army, his main military assistants Deng Ping and Zuo Quan died heroically in the battle. Several cadres during the Pingjiang Uprising, such as Li Can, He Guozhong, and Huang Chunyi, were also killed very early. Among his subordinates, according to Zhang Aiping, "The one who is really intimate with Peng and is deeply appreciated by Peng is Peng Xuefeng." Peng Xuefeng was not an old team of the Red Fifth Army, and only arrived in the Red Fifth Army in May 1930, but he accumulated thick and thin and made rapid progress. During the Long March, after the reorganization of Tashi, the Red First Army and the Red Third Army were organized into 6 regiments and 4 regiments respectively. The Red I Corps retained the numbers of 2 divisions, and the Red Iii Corps cancelled the divisions. Peng Xuefeng, commander of the Red Fifth Division before the reorganization, was demoted to the post of commander of the Red Thirteenth Regiment.

Later, the Red First and Third Armies (Corps) were reorganized into the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment, with General Peng as commander, and the detachment had 3 columns under its jurisdiction, the 1st Column (formerly the Red First Army) was commanded by Lin Biaojian, the deputy commander of the detachment, and the 2nd Column (formerly the Red Third Army) was commanded by Peng Xuefeng. After the Long March of the Shaanxi-Gansu Detachment to northern Shaanxi, the Red First Army was restored, and the original two columns were reorganized into the Red Second Division (Liu Yalou, Xiao Hua) and the Red Fourth Division (Chen Guang, Peng Xuefeng). This is the essence of the essence, the seed of the seed. The cadres of the former Red Third Army were not reused as a whole at that time, and only Peng Xuefeng was from the former Red Third Army among the 4 military and political chiefs of the 2 divisions, and its status and representativeness in the Red Third Army were evident. If Peng Xuefeng had not died in battle at Balizhuang, it would have been appropriate to confer the rank of great general after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Many of Huang Kecheng's reminiscences record the intimate relationship between himself and Peng that was close to life and death. Huang has thoughts, does not blindly follow, often gives advice to the leader (there is indeed a level, disobedience is not enough), so he was demoted many times, Peng did not protect him, saved his life, but did not tell him. Mr. Peng is not an arbitrary person, and he can generally listen to the different opinions of General Huang.

"Huang Kecheng's Self-Statement" mentions that during the Lushan Conference, Huang Kecheng defended Chairman Mao: "Peng Dehuai and I argued a lot, and when there were different opinions, we argued, and we argued for almost half a lifetime. In his later years, Huang Kecheng once said: "Peng Dehuai and I are not selfish, treat each other with sincerity, compete with each other for reason, and have a more compatible personality and style, and that's it." It was not until the Lushan Conference that we were wronged and punished for having the same views, and that we became friends of tribulation. It is said that when Peng Dehuai was dying, he said that I was his best friend. I've dreamed of him several times, too. ”

In 1965, Huang Kecheng went to Shanxi as vice governor. After the Spring Festival in 1966, he went to the Taihang Mountains to fight drought. When I arrived in Gaoping County, I remembered the scene of studying and deploying anti-friction with Peng Zong in Gaoping in 1939, and I couldn't help but be sad and sad, and filled in "Jiang Chengzi Remembering Peng Dehuai" overnight:

Long-term suffering is unforgettable, do not think, and think, mountains and rivers block, unable to talk short and long. The care of the two places should be the same, too line top, Emei Gang. Jude met in the dreamland, just like that year, on the battlefield, the military trumpet was frequently blown, and the sound shook the mountains and rivers. The rich countries and strong soldiers will pay their wishes, and encourage each other, and do not be sad.

Forced by the situation at that time, Huang Kecheng never showed the words to others. It wasn't until September 1981 that he recited the words in front of everyone and asked them to write them down. At this time, Mr. Peng had been unjustly deceased for 7 years.

Zhang Aiping's son Zhang Sheng's book "Coming from the War: A Dialogue Between Two Generations of Soldiers, Zhang Aiping's Life Record", mentions:

My father had said more than once that in his life, there were only a few people who really deserved his admiration and admiration, Zhou Enlai, Peng Dehuai and Chen Yi. He was also respectful in front of these three people. Zhou Enlai's consideration of the overall situation, seriousness and rigor, and equality and friendliness towards lower-level comrades; Mr. Chen's dashing attitude toward life and literary attainments; whenever he mentioned it, his father was full of praise. In terms of personality, the biggest influence on him is Mr. Peng. At the commemoration meeting to commemorate the 95th anniversary of Peng Dehuai's birth, his father said a sentence from his heart: "He is a real person!"

This statement is intriguing. Only three people were mentioned.

Zhang Sheng writes:

Father said: "The key to a person's words, deeds, and virtues is to establish deeds." "Peng Dehuai is different from some leaders in the party, and his subordinates admire him not because he listens to his preaching, not because he writes books and lectures, but because he is infected by his behavior, character, and style, and is impressed by his personality and charm.

Like many generals in the People's Liberation Army, he came from a humble and poor background, but in him he did not have the banditry of the rogue proletarians and the short-sightedness of the hedonistic peasant class after his birth. His asceticism of hard work, frugality, bad voice, and sharing weal and woe with his subordinates had a great influence on my father. None of them are blessed people, but people who do great things.

Peng Gonggao was one of the founders of the People's Liberation Army, but he did not have his own mountain. At the end of the Long March, in order to unify the command of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi, the central government decided to restore the red army number, and he took the initiative to merge the Red 3 Army that he had pulled up with one hand into the Red 1 Army. This Red Army contingent based on the Pingjiang Uprising led by Peng Dehuai, after experiencing the arduous Long March, only 2,000 people remained from the initial 17,800 people. When he faced these brothers who lived and died together, and looked at the ragged Red Army generals like him, this rock-like tough guy also shed tears...

At the Lushan Conference in 1959, various senior members took the position of speaking, some of them were proactive, and some of them were forced to be helpless. Li Rui's "Lushan Conference" record mentions that when it was Zhang Aiping's turn to speak, he said this:

Under peng's direct leadership, he did not work long, trusted, admired, and respected him in the past, and was confused by his frankness, integrity, and hard work and simplicity, and he was also a person who was deeply influenced by him. Although I was a little disgusted with his scolding, disciplined, arrogant attitude and materialistic work style, I always thought that he was just that kind of temper and forgave the past. It is quite common for military cadres to be scolded by him. It is Comrade Huang Kecheng, who is also the one who is scolded the most by him, and may be the person who has been subdued by him. I remember that when I was studying at the Red University of Security in northern Shaanxi, once he came back from the front, in small talk, he once said to Peng Xuefeng and me, I have a bad temper, I like to scold people, you are all people who have been scolded by me, I am very sorry, and so on. It seemed to be a review, but there was not much correction. ”

That's all. What else can be said?

General Wang Ping also fondly recalled some of Peng's past events in "Memoirs of Wang Ping". After the reorganization of the Russian border, the Red Army no longer existed. When General Manager Peng left the Red Army, he held a meeting of cadres at and above the regimental level. Mr. Peng was very excited when he spoke, and he fell to tears as he spoke. He made a self-criticism at the meeting, "I have a bad temper, I have scolded many people, and I ask comrades to criticize and forgive me" "In the past, I was very strict with you cadres at and above the regiment level, and sometimes even harshly, and this was all a love for you; otherwise, some comrades may not live today, and this can also be 'scolded'."

Wang Ping writes:

Since its establishment in June 1930, under the leadership and command of Commander Peng Dehuai and other chiefs, the Third Red Army has undergone various severe tests and fought hundreds of battles, and has gradually grown into a strong unit that can endure great hardships, endure great hardships, fight bravely, have a tenacious style, take the initiative to gnaw hard bones, and can fight hard battles, becoming one of the main forces of the Red Army. Commander Peng asked cadres to pay attention to tactics and oppose barbarism in fighting wars; he did not advocate commanders at and above the regimental level taking the lead in fighting the charge, believing that this would reduce the role of commanders. He asked the regimental level to stick to their posts and mobilize various positive factors of the troops to complete the combat tasks. Under the impetus and influence of Peng Dehuai and other regimental commanders, the cadres of the Third Red Army have cultivated a noble quality of daring to uphold the truth, dare to speak out, and be able to resist all kinds of erroneous tendencies.

Indeed, Mr. Peng laid a deep imprint on the Red Third Army with his upright character and hard-working style. Much of the content in Bright Sword is written blindly and cannot exist in real history. Like Li Yunlong, who repeatedly violated the law and disobeyed orders, he had long been swept to the end and even strictly enforced military discipline. But the "chief officer determinism" and "chief officer character determination" advocated by him still have some truth in a sense.

When I was in elementary school, I learned a text, "On the Artillery Position", which told the story of Peng Zong criticizing a regimental commander when he inspected the front line of coastal defense after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and I still have a deep impression today.

Mr. Peng is known for his strict requirements on his subordinates, and he is also famous for his bad temper and frequent training. He himself knows this. Zhang Sheng, the son of General Zhang Aiping, wrote in "Coming from the War: A Dialogue Between Two Generations of Soldiers" that almost all of Zhang Aiping's memories of Peng Zong were things that Peng Zong criticized him. In northern Shaanxi, Peng always said to Peng Xuefeng and Zhang Aiping specifically, I have a bad temper and like to scold people, you are all people who have been scolded by me, very sorry, and so on.

Swearing is always wrong. In the eyes of ordinary people, Peng is always a person who likes to scold people. Zhang Aiping had a different view, he said: "People say that Mr. Peng scolds people, I say that he is not cursing, it is strict requirements, war! He asked others to do what he did first, and his command post was always at the forefront. "In the Battle of xiangjiang, the Red 4th Division of the Red 3rd Army first crossed the river, and blocked the attack of the 7th Army of the Gui Army at Guanghuapu and Fengshanpu south of Jieshou, guaranteed the ferry, and covered the crossing of the river by the central column and the Red 9th and Red 5th Armies. Zhang Aiping was then the director of the Political Department of the Red 4th Division. Watching the enemy press up from all sides, while the wounded of the Central Column were many heavy, and Xu Teli, Cai Chang and other old comrades and female comrades crossed the river slowly, Zhang Aiping shouted in a hurry, My old ancestor roared, hurry up! When General Manager Peng came, he pointed to the front of the division command post for me. This incident deeply impressed Zhang Aiping.

At the end of 2012, I went to Zunyi on a business trip and went to the Red Army Martyrs' Cemetery to visit Deng Ping's tomb. Next to it is a bust sculpture showing Deng Ping being shot down on Zhang Aiping's body, vividly reproducing the scene when Deng Ping was sacrificed. Zhang Aiping's 1936 essay "The Second Occupation of Zunyi" (collected in the 1954 edition of the Long March of the First Front of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army) detailed Deng Ping's sacrifice.

On February 27, 1935, the Red Army attacked Zunyi twice. Zhang Aiping, then political commissar of the Red 11 regiment, accompanied Deng Ping to the enemy's front with his chief of staff, Lan Guoqing, and hid in the grass on a small dirt slope 50 meters away from the moat. They were to find a route that would facilitate the forward movement of the troops, so that a general offensive could be launched at dark. Lan Guoqing was worried that he would stay too long and be discovered by the enemy, so he suggested to move, but Deng Ping did not agree to it considering that it was convenient to observe. As a result, a small messenger came up from behind to report what the situation was, and Deng Ping confessed that the little soldier took advantage of Bo Twilight to run back, and the three of them were exposed. The enemy on the city wall opened fire, and Deng Ping was shot in the head and died heroically.

After the withdrawal, Zhang Aiping reported to Mr. Peng, and he scolded on the phone: "You pigs and dogs, give me to die!" Afterwards, Mr. Peng said a word, and Zhang Aiping never forgot: "The road of revolution is still very long, and you should not make senseless sacrifices!" It is hard to imagine how pangs felt when they heard the sacrifice of Deng Ping, Zuo Quan, Peng Xuefeng and others, how sad it should be!

The scene of Deng Ping's sacrifice is also mentioned in "Wang Ping's Memoirs", saying that Deng Ping himself was beside himself when she sacrificed. This is not in line with Zhang Aiping's memories. Another story is told in "Wang Ping's Memoirs":

In March 1935, the Red 1st Front fought a battle with the Kuomintang Zhou Hun Yuanbu at Lubanchang, and in a confrontational posture, it withdrew from the battle and moved to Renhuai and Maotai. On March 16, Mr. Peng accompanied the Red 11th Regiment. Wang Ping was the director of the political office of the Red 11 Regiment, and the regimental commander and political commissar were Deng Guoqing and Zhang Aiping. Before leaving, General Manager Peng specifically explained to Wang Ping that in order to hide from the enemy's planes, the troops had to go fast, at least 60 miles to rest. Because it was raining, the road was narrow and not easy to walk, and the line was very long. General Peng rode to the rear of the vanguard battalion and asked the troops to speed up again. The troops walked for more than 40 miles, and several regimental cadres walked in front together, and Zhang Aiping saw that the troops were very tired, so she proposed to let the troops rest and eat.

As soon as the troops stopped to eat, Mr. Peng ran to the front on horseback and criticized them for ignoring the overall situation. Therefore, the meal was not eaten, and after a batch of meals, the troops continued to advance. Mr. Peng rode behind on horseback, separated from Wang Ping's regiment cadres by a communication platoon. Mr. Peng has been nagging and criticizing them. Wang Ping couldn't hear clearly and didn't pay attention to him. After walking for more than 30 miles, Mr. Peng personally ordered a rest and dinner.

Mr. Peng sat alone on the side of the road to eat, and several regiment cadres squatted under a tree to eat. Mr. Peng saw that they had emotions, so he went over to tease them: "What good things do you eat and still hide from me?" "The seriousness of the previous critics has long since disappeared. Wang Ping they also have nothing delicious, a little chili and bean paste. Mr. Peng had some bacon in his dish box, so he handed it over to greet several of them to eat together.

While eating, General Manager Peng talked about the arrangements for marching into Moutai Town, and also talked about Moutai wine, which was full of excitement, sound, color, and taste, and everyone was eager to lead the troops to Maotai at once. Of course, later in Maotai Town, the wine was not less. Many people's memoirs mention the funny story of drinking in Moutai Town.

Look at other people's memories.

After the Zunyi Conference, Xiao Jinguang, who was wrongly handled in the public trial in January 1934 due to the loss of Li Chuan, was rehabilitated and restored to the party and the military. On the way from drumming to Maoerge's march, Xiao Jinguang was informed that he was assigned to the Red Third Army as chief of staff, and since then he has had closer contact with Peng. "Xiao Jinguang's Memoirs" mentioned that Peng Zong never protected the mistakes of his subordinates, and criticized the "firepower" very fiercely and without mercy. Shortly after he arrived in the Third Army, Peng always criticized Yang Yong once, and he lost his temper, which was very frightening. Xiao Jinguang felt a little too careless to go, so he came out to fight the round field and took Yang Yong away. Afterwards, he learned that when Mr. Peng criticized people, he did not like others to interfere, perhaps he had just arrived in the 3rd Army and made an exception to give him face.

Xiao Jinguang mentioned that although he criticizes people very bluntly and fiercely, because he has a sincere heart, because he does not care about his past grievances, and because he usually cares for cadres and fighters, the comrades who are criticized can often appreciate his loyalty to the revolutionary cause afterwards, and he hates those who have shortcomings and mistakes and hates iron and steel, so that he deeply repents of himself and is grateful to him from the bottom of his heart. Sometimes there are discrepancies in criticism, and after he understands the situation afterwards, he takes the initiative to find the comrade being criticized to do sincere self-criticism. So the cadres of the three corps are very united between the top and the bottom.

"Liu Maogong's Memoirs" mentions some things that he will never forget. In February 1948, Nishino attacked Yichuan and besieged the city to help. On the morning of February 29, a column was interspersed between Luochuan and Yichuan. General Peng ordered a column to fight from west to east to encircle the enemy of Wazi Street. However, the first column radio station had not yet been set up, so Peng Zong called Liu Maogong, who was then the deputy brigade commander of the first brigade of the fourth column police (brigade commander Gao Jinchun), and asked him to convey the order to the right neighbor.

Mr. Peng said, "You conveyed my order to Yizhong and ordered them to fight from west to east along the Loyi Highway. Liu Maogong was extra careful to repeat while listening, so that Xu Shangzhi, the political commissar of the Second Regiment next to him, could write it down. However, Peng Zong's Hunan accent is relatively heavy, and Liu Maogong, the word "along the highway", did not hear it clearly, thinking that it was "original". He anxiously asked which "original" it was, asked four times, And Peng explained four times, but he still listened confusedly. Mr. Peng suddenly became angry and scolded, "Rice bucket! Along the road is to fight east, even this can not understand! ”

Mr. Peng's voice was so loud that Xu Shangzhi couldn't even hold the pen he was holding in his hand. Liu Maogong quickly grabbed the record book in Xu Shangzhi's hand, supplemented the missing notes, and arranged for the correspondent to fly to Yizhong to convey General Peng's orders.

The battles of Yichuan and Wazijie annihilated more than 29,400 enemy personnel. This was a decisive battle in which the People's Liberation Army (PLA) changed from strategic defense to strategic offensive on the northwest battlefield, which changed the situation in the northwest battlefield and was also the first time that the First Police Brigade completed important tasks in participating in the operation of the field army corps. The day after the battle, Liu Maogong and they met Peng Zong, Peng Zong was very happy, shook hands with them one by one, and asked Liu Maogong with concern what he did last night, Liu Maogong replied that he had gone to sleep (he had not slept for two days). Mr. Peng chatted with them and reminded them to pay attention to air defense, forgetting the unhappiness of scolding Liu Maogong's rice bucket before.

Two days later, Liu Maogong met Gan Siqi, director of The Western Field Political Department, and Zhang Desheng, deputy director of the Political Department. The two men told him one by one that Mr. Peng had repeatedly praised the police brigade for fighting well. Liu Maogong was very touched in his heart: our General Manager Peng always gave people the impression of being very severe, but in fact he was a commander with a heart as hot as fire and a clear distinction between love and hatred. He demanded you strictly and praised you improperly, lest you get carried away and become proud; this is a real love for his subordinates and an extremely valuable quality for senior leading cadres. Peng Zong later scolded Liang Xingchu on the Korean battlefield and scolded him for spewing dog blood, but during the second battle, the Thirty-eighth Army won the battle, and he personally wrote "Long live the Thirty-eighth Army" on the commendation telegram, which was also a clear distinction between reward and punishment.

On August 20, 1949, on the eve of the Battle of Lanzhou, General Peng personally led the leading cadres of the corps, army and division to see the terrain. He walked with his hands behind his back in front, with the others following behind. On a small hill, everyone raised their telescopes to observe Lanzhou City and its surrounding terrain. Liu Maogong, who was then the commander of the Tenth Division of the Fourth Army, saw that the earthy yellow mountain bags were bare, like the heads of monks, there were no trees, no crops, and even few weeds, and he couldn't help but say to himself: It's really a poor place where rabbits don't, what a battle to fight here! ”

Peng Zong heard this unintentional strange remark, turned back to Liu Maogong, and then looked ahead, his voice was not loud, but he said in a stern tone: "Where there is an enemy, we will go wherever we go to destroy it." Wherever there is the land of the motherland, we will liberate itself. Wherever there are suffering people, we go where we liberate them. Don't want to fight here, want to eat rice in Sichuan, make? ”

Zhang Zhongliangqiang, political commissar of the Fourth Army, suppressed his laughter, happily poked Liu Maogong with his elbow, and whispered, "You are criticized a lot, right?" On the way back, Zhang Zhongliang told Liu Maogong that when the leading cadres of the corps and the army discussed strategic actions before the westward advance, some comrades proposed to enter Sichuan at the meeting, saying: "Go south to Sichuan to eat rice, and go west to Gansu to drink the northwest wind." Mr. Peng severely criticized him, saying that this was a copy of Zhang Guotao's argument.

Although this incident was not large, Liu Maogong was unforgettable for the rest of his life. Compared with other battlefields in the country, the northwest battlefield is more arduous. Mr. Peng not only did not care about these things himself, took the lead in hard struggle, but also taught everyone not to worry about them.

Mr. Peng criticized people, and there were also those who were dissatisfied. For example, Wang Ping, mentioned above, expressed his dissatisfaction with silence. There are also more cattle, directly with Peng Zong to top the cattle. It is mentioned in the "Memoirs of Liao Hansheng" that on the northwest battlefield, some comrades at that time had opinions and opinions on the excessive harshness of Peng Zong's critics. The memoir also mentions that in order to help them correctly view Peng Zong's criticism, Lin Boqu said at the Tuji conference that "there is mighty and fearful, and there is virtue to be cherished."