Zhu Yunjiao, the imperial grandson of Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, was one of the few emperors in history to directly inherit the throne as a grandson.
His ruling career can be described as a "legend" in "legend", even if it is a TV series screenwriter, he does not dare to write it.
Then let's see what happened to this "legendary" emperor.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="13" > first, the emperor's grandson ascended the throne as emperor, why are the uncles embarrassed? </h1>
Emperor Jianwen zhu Yunjiao
In the thirty-first year of Hongwu, Zhu Yunjiao, who was only twenty-one years old, ascended the throne as emperor, and the following year changed his era name to Jianwen Yuan.
Since he was a child, his personality is like his father who died early, gentle and elegant, polite, and a schoolboy.
This is the point that Zhu Yuanzhang dislikes the most, and it is also the point that Zhu Yuanzhang values the most.
Zhu Yunxiong was only made the emperor's grandson twenty-five years after Hongwu, when Zhu Yuanzhang chose him because the crown prince Zhu Biao died of illness.
I took a fancy to Zhu Yunjiao's bookish qi.
Why didn't Zhu Yuanzhang choose so many sons, but chose the grandson of the long house in the next generation?
This has to be said from Zhu Yuanzhang.
Since Zhu Yuanzhang became the world, he began to carry out a series of training for his eldest son, Zhu Biao.
He did not want the prince to be as famous as he was, known for his martial arts, and to rule the country by hegemony.
On the contrary, I most hope that Zhu Biao can be kinder and more lenient, focus on civil rule, and practice the strategy of recuperation and recuperation.
Of course, Zhu Biao did not live up to Zhu Yuanzhang's expectations, he was a person of this character.
However, the heavens did not go according to people's wishes, and the crown prince Zhu Biao died of illness in Hongwu for twenty-five years, and Zhu Yuanzhang became the white-haired man who sent the black haired man.
However, grief turns to grief, and the candidates for the crown prince still have to continue to be selected.
Zhu Yuanzhang first looked for it in his son.
But he found that his sons were all used to fighting and fighting, not to mention the stink, they all looked down on the literati, and they usually acted straight to the point, which was simply incompatible with "benevolence". Even Zhu Di, the Yan King whom Zhu Yuanzhang loved quite a favorably, was a Qiu Ba style, which really gave Zhu Yuanzhang a headache.
At this time, for the sake of the prosperity and stability of the country, Zhu Yuanzhang had to give up his sons and start from those grandchildren to see if there was a suitable candidate.
Picking and choosing, two people entered the eyes of his old man.
Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang
One was the eldest grandson of the prince Yimai, Zhu Yunjiao, and the other was the eldest grandson of the Yan King's yimai, Zhu Gaozi.
Both of them have studied Confucian classics since childhood, are diligent and studious, usually have a gentle personality, and are also quite thoughtful in their handling of people, showing the style of benevolence.
However, since ancient times, they have all been orderly and different from each other, the prince's first line is Empress Ma's concubine, and the Yan king's first line is Shu out, and Zhu Yunjiao's age is even older than Zhu Gaozi, so in this case, Zhu Yuanzhang identified Zhu Yunzhao as the heir, and at the same time, he personally established Zhu Gaozhi as the son of the Yan King soon after.
Zhu Yuanzhang, for the sake of the stabilization of imperial power, was afraid that Zhu Yunjiao could not suppress those founding fathers, and in the following time, he followed the example of Hu Weiyong's case, and concocted the Blue Jade Case in the same way, implicating most of the magnates at that time and removing some obstacles for Zhu Yunjiao's way to the throne.
In this way, in the thirty-first year of Hongwu, the great founding emperor died, and the throne was so "legendary" in the hands of Zhu Yunjiao.
At that time, to say that Zhu Yunjiao's uncles did not have any ideas? That's absolutely impossible.
At that time, they all thought that their father was biased, and they divided their sons out to guard the border, leaving a grandchild to inherit the throne.
Zhu Di, the King of Yan, wanted to be emperor very much, but he did not understand the reason why Zhu Yuanzhang did not choose him until later.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="37" > Jianwen New Deal, where is the benefit? </h1>
I. Abolish the "Severe Punishment Law" of the Hongwu Dynasty.
After Zhu Yunjiao ascended the throne, he immediately abolished the so-called "severe punishment law" imposed by his grandfather, and forgave most of those who violated the "strict law" during the Hongwu period.
At a cursory glance, it seems to be a very good thing.
In fact, this is not the case at all.
Zhu Yuanzhang did enforce very strict laws in some aspects during the Hongwu period, but that was all aimed at the bureaucratic class.
In order not to be exploited by the people, he strictly ordered the Jinyi guards to patrol the heavens, and once they found that the officials were corrupt and perverted the law, they would never spare them lightly, and those who were corrupt, oppressed the people, derelict in their duties, and even slackened their duties were all punished by them.
As soon as Zhu Yunjue came to power, he abolished these systems, and the civil and military officials of course clapped their hands and applauded, and they each praised the Jianwen Emperor as a model of benevolence.
However, the ensuing consequence Zhu Yunjiao could not imagine, that is, the people began to complain again after thirty-one years of good life.
This is one of the Jianwen New Deals, and while implementing the so-called benevolent government of "Confucianism", Zhu Yunjiao did not fully consider the specific conditions at that time, he seriously underestimated the sinister nature of the bureaucratic class, and encouraged their unhealthy tendencies on the side, so that the common people once again lived in the depths of the water.
2. According to Zhou Li and Fu Ida.
Zhu Yunjiao adopted the suggestion of Fang Xiaoru, the "Great Confucian" of the time, and imitated the ritual system of the Zhou Dynasty in all aspects, and began to measure and redistribute the land, intending to completely overturn the policies of the Hongwu period.
Daming's number one "corrupt Confucianism", Fang Xiaoru
Zhou Li can be understood as a model of Confucian advocacy, and its biggest feature is to advocate the benevolence of the Son of Heaven and the equality of all people.
This kind of overly idealistic system, in fact, no period in the dynasties and dynasties can be achieved, where there are people, there are interests, where there are interests, there are disputes, and even, the period of emperors, it means that there is not absolute equality.
For example: during the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, even if the emperor was no longer in the nest and then benevolent, in dealing with powerful foreign forces, he did not dare to use his mouth to reason with others, and also took countermeasures of discussing and fighting at the same time, which led to the existence of the three kingdoms of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Western Xia, and the Liao State at that time, if the Confucian faction was really used to deal with the enemy, it was estimated that it would be eaten to the point that even bone scum was left.
In addition, Confucius, who was called the Most Holy Ancestor by the Confucian faction, also preached the idea of Confucian benevolence everywhere during the Spring and Autumn Period, hoping that some princes would accept his advocacy and govern the country with Confucian thought.
But unfortunately, Confucius who traveled to an unknown number of countries, the apprentices received a lot, but those princes were all shrewd, and none of them adopted Confucius's suggestions.
Confucius, a native of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period, was the grandfather of the famous Confucian school
In the Jianwen years, almost two thousand years had passed, and Zhu Yunxiu listened to Fang Xiaoru's flickering and dared to make such a move.
Fu Ida is even more hilarious.
The meaning of Ida is to divide the same land to the people of the world on the basis of the world, and at the same time retain the most fertile land in the middle to the Son of Heaven, and use the hands of the people of the world to raise the fat field of the Son of Heaven.
In the sense, it can also be called equality for all, but according to historical records, this kind of initiative was not implemented in the Zhou Dynasty.
The ideal is beautiful, and in that period, Zhu Yuanzhang actually wanted to do so.
But the reality is very cruel, although Zhu Yuanzhang is autocratic, but at least people know one point, that is, the dragon ministers who defected to him earlier should still be given preferential treatment, those honest nobles, Zhu Yuanzhang still did not move, they have countless good lands, and they have not seen Zhu Yuanzhang how they are.
As a result, when Zhu Yunjiao was in the period, he couldn't wait to fight the landlord and divide the land? What do you make the nobles think, what do you make the ministers think?
People have been studying hard for more than ten years, in order to one day use their own literary and martial arts to sell to the imperial family and get a matching status and treatment.
Zhu Yunjiao's haste to do so is equivalent to almost offending everyone in the court.
People have worked hard for so many years and are still the same as the people at the bottom, who can bear this?
As an emperor, the instability of the court was the source of the curse, and he was completely alienated from those nobles at that time.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="83" > third, strong slashing</h1>
Such measures cannot be wrong or right. Only by looking at the problem according to the specific situation at that time and coming up with a targeted decision.
For example, when Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty faced the "Rebellion of the Seven Kings" in the previous Wenjing period, he took the corresponding measures of the "Tuien Order".
This move caused headaches to the princely states at that time, and they had to "thank Emperor Wu of Han" for "thanksgiving".
Or, like Zhao Kuangyin, the grandfather of the Song Dynasty, the act of releasing military power by a cup of wine against the forces of the feudal towns in the peaceful area is also a good measure to achieve the purpose of cutting the clan without bloodshed.
He Zhu Yunjiao is just hard.
When cutting the domain, in fact, Qi Tai was still a brain, and he suggested that Zhu Yunjiao first kill zhu Di, the eldest and most powerful of the Nine Border Kings at that time.
However, another chancellor, Huang Zicheng, believed that the kings of Zhou, Qi, Xiang, Dai, and Min had committed illegal acts during the Hongwu period, and they were famous for cutting them. The King of Zhou should be cut first, and the King of Zhou and the King of Yan are the same mother, and the King of Zhou is equivalent to cutting the hands and siblings of the King of Yan.
Zhu Yunjue foolishly adopted Huang Zicheng's suggestion.
Another "corrupt Confucian", Huang Zicheng and Li Jinglong, were able to fight smoothly, all thanks to Huang Zicheng's recommendation
However, what Zhu Yunjiao did not realize was that he was first soft and then hard, and he was cutting all the clan kings who did not have much strength at that time, so as the powerful Nine Border Kings, would they honestly bow down to zhu Yunjiao after seeing Zhu Yunjiao's move to cut the clan?
Obviously, no.
Zhu Di, the King of Yan, already had the intention of rebellion. But at that time, he was the king of the clan, and there was no good excuse to rebel, and not many people would be willing to follow him.
However, as soon as Zhu Yunjiao's trick came out, Zhu Di immediately reacted, and immediately contacted the other clan kings who were also the Nine Great Border Kings, planning to join forces and resist this Jianwen Emperor's move to cut the clan.
They were: King Qin, King Jin, King Yan, King Dai, King Gu, King Liao, King Ning, King Qing, and King Su.
Among them, the King of Qin and the King of Jin were the second and third sons of Zhu Yuanzhang, who had passed away, and the current ones were nephews, and Zhu Di could not win him over.
The latter few more or less sided with Zhu Di, because they were also afraid of being liquidated by Zhu Yunjiao.
Among them, Zhu Quan, the king of Ning, even lent Zhu Di the Duoyan Sanwei he had worked so hard to train.
Portrait of Zhu Quan, the first king of Ning
In this way, Zhu Di, who originally had no hope of succeeding in the rebellion, was like injecting a shot of strengthening the heart, and became powerful again.
Therefore, in the first year of Jianwen, Zhu Diguang sent a letter saying that Emperor Jianwen had chaotic courtiers and thieves around him, and that he had raised an army in Beijing to make peace, which was a move by the Qing emperor, which was known as the Battle of Jingnan in history.
Moreover, during the march, Zhu Di had been emphasizing that he was the side of the Qing Emperor and did not have any intention of committing trouble.
Zhu Di was even more powerful at that time, and he did not dare to guarantee absolute success, because the local clan kings rebelled, and the dynasties and dynasties had never succeeded, leaving the power center of the capital, and it was too difficult to attack from the outside.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="110" > the Battle of Jingnan</h1>
Just as Zhu Dihao set out from Beijing to the south, Zhu Yunjiao also took corresponding measures.
His measure was to choose to "fully" trust Li Jinglong and hand over all the armies that could be controlled in the world to the command of this "Great Ming God of War".
In the early stages, Zhu Di was very weak. He raised an army in the land of one city in Beijing, but it was only 100,000.
At that time, Jianwen Dynasty was sitting on the wealth of the whole country, and even the standing army was 300,000 at the bottom, which was not counting those border troops.
However, it was such a "Great Ming God of War" who lost the battle with Zhu Di again and again, and led the troops out again and again.
Moreover, Zhu Yunjiao also chose to believe in Li Jinglong as always, believing that his failures were all accidental, that Zhu Di was conspiring and scheming, and that he was victorious.
In the end, it was because this "Great Ming God of War" Li Jinglong turned against him and completely sold Zhu Yunjiao.
In this way, Zhu Di miraculously won the entire battle in four years and marched into the city of Nanjing.
In the fourth year of Jianwen, Zhu Di ascended the throne strongly, and abolished Zhu Yunjiao's era name and imperial throne, fundamentally not recognizing the existence of this emperor, and claiming that it was the thirty-fifth year of Hongwu at that time, and he was inherited from the throne by Emperor Taizu to show his orthodox status.
Zhu Yunjiao, from the moment the city was destroyed, disappeared without a trace.
To this day, there is still speculation about where the "legendary" emperor went.
Some people say that he fled overseas, and in order to chase him, Zhu Di specially ordered Zheng He to go to the West to find his tracks.
Some people say that he secretly left the city disguised as a monk and died alone in a temple somewhere.
Others say that he died in the palace and set himself on fire.
There is no one standard answer to all this.
However, what we do know is that Zhu Yunjiao may be a good person, but he is definitely not a good emperor.
He used the ideas in Confucian books to govern the country, which on the surface showed his benevolent style, but in fact it was contrary to the entire society at that time.
He practiced benevolent government and relaxed the bureaucratic class, but as a result harmed the people.
According to Zhou Li and Fu Iida, he also harmed the interests of most of the nobles in the DPRK.
He slashed the domain strongly, but he did not cut it into a look, resulting in being robbed of the opportunity by Zhu Di, the King of Yan, and carrying out the Battle of Jing.
He did not understand military affairs, but he fully trusted the military general Li Jinglong, and as a result, the people surrendered to Zhu Di, the King of Yan, causing the city of Nanjing to be destroyed, and he finally fell into a ruined and discredited situation.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="116" > Summary: Zhu Yunjiao's "legendary" deeds tell us not to die reading, not to die reading, not to die reading. </h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="117" > the so-called reading of ten thousand books is not as good as walking thousands of miles, and the knowledge learned in books is not applied in practice, it is still just a piece of paper. </h1>
That's all, I'm the army, looking forward to your attention!