Emperor Wu of Song
Since the prosperity of the ancient royal family, there has not exceeded the Liu family. There are two Han Dynasties, this tradition has lasted for a thousand years, to the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, there are even Later Jin Dynasties (see clearly, this is a dynasty, not a small country), although the founder Liu Zhiyuan is a minority, but the tradition of ethnic minorities pretending to be Liu has always been there, Liu Yuan's Xiongnu state is not under the banner of reviving the Han Dynasty? There was also Liu Yu who established Liu Song, and for a while, Northern Wei also had to avoid the wind. This is an authentic descendant of Han Liu. The two brothers of the Liu family (Liu Bang also had an older brother, who died early) - Liu Bang's two Han, Liu Jiao's descendant Liu Yu established the Song Dynasty, absolutely giving the old Liu family a face.
Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty Liu Yu (363–422), courtesy name Deyu (德優), courtesy name Ji Nu, was a Han Chinese, a native of Suiyuli (Tongshan, Jiangsu), Pengcheng County, and an outstanding politician and military figure. The founding emperor of the Southern Dynasty Liu Song Dynasty, reigned from 420 to 422, and was buried in the Chu Ning Mausoleum (Purple Mountain in Nanjing).
Liu Yulong'an joined the army in the third year (399), and in 413, he destroyed the rebellion of Yizhou, excluding Liu Yi, Sima Xiu and other dissidents from the imperial court. In February of the fifth year of Yixi (409), Liu Yuxing sent troops to the Northern Expedition. In April, he led a water army north from Jiankang, along the Huai River, across Da Da Dian (大岘, in present-day Muling Pass, north of Yishui, Shandong), and the following year attacked the Southern Yan capital guanggu (northwest of Yidu, Shandong), recaptured Qingyan and Yan prefectures, captured Murong Chao, and then killed him at Jiankang City. In the thirteenth year of Yixi (417), He destroyed Later Qin. At this time, because of the illness of Liu Muzhi, the left servant of Shangshu who remained in the imperial court, Liu Yu was worried about the fall of the regime, so he left his second son Liu Yizhen to guard Chang'an, and Wang Xiu, Wang Zhenxi, and others led more than 10,000 troops to assist him, and returned to Jiankang in a hurry. Chang'an remained behind to defend the army infighting, and the Xia lord Helian Bobo took the opportunity to capture Guanzhong. Although Liu Yizhen was forced to withdraw from Chang'an, from the east of Tongguan, south of the Yellow River to Qingzhou, all of which had become the territory of the Southern Dynasty, and the Jianghuai River Valley was guaranteed, which Zu Ti, Huan Wen, Xie An and others had not been able to achieve for a hundred years.
If Liu Yu's unification at that time could cross the Yellow River, it would be able to achieve the reunification of the north and the south. But at that time, he was forced to choose to return to Jiangnan.
In the process of attacking Southern Yan, Liu Yu defeated the Northern Wei Jingqi with the "Chuyue Array", which became a typical example of the coordinated operation of various armies. After this battle, the prestige of the "Moon Array" was greatly enhanced, and it was enjoyed by posterity, so much so that when it came to how to "ride with steps", it must be said that "the Moon Array". The "Moon Array" itself is composed of water troops and infantry, of which the infantry is mainly chariots, so Liu Yu's chariots have resumed the vehicle warfare of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Chariot: Used to resist the onslaught of enemy cavalry and play a defensive role. Troop allocation: At a distance of more than 100 steps from the water, the chariot is used to lay down an arc-shaped "moon array", holding the river at both ends, taking the river bank as the moon string, and each chariot is set up with 7 soldiers with canes, a total of 700 people; after the deployment, 2,000 soldiers are sent to the shore to meet them, and carry 100 large crossbows, and each chariot is equipped with 20 soldiers, and a shield is set on the rut to protect the chariot. Because the "moon array" is arc-shaped, it can disperse the force of the force points and has a good ability to resist impact; the soldiers in the formation have a very strong lethality because they have weapons such as staffs, crossbows, and hammers; at the same time, the soldiers in the formation can play the effect of "putting the ground to death and reborn". Liu Yu broke through more than 30,000 cavalry of the Wei army with nearly 2,700 infantry, showing great power.
In the second year of Taiyuan (377), due to the strength of Former Qin, the imperial court asked Wen Wuliang to take the town to the north. At that time, Xie An was in charge of the country, and his brother Xie Xuan should be raised. The imperial court appointed Xie Xuan as the jianwu general, the yanzhou assassin, the leader of guangling xiang, the military of northern Jiangsu, and the town of Guangling. The two prefectures of Xu (Zhijingkou) and Yan (Zhiguangling) were originally concentrated in the north. "Many people are strong and fierce", rich in combat experience, Xie Xuan recruited Jin Yong, and Xu and Yan people recruited into the army.
The Beifu soldiers completely monopolized the military affairs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the war against the north also tempered the strength of the Northern Province. This section of the soldiers had the following characteristics, and they could be called the "knights" of the South.
Inherited the original hereditary system. The Beifu Bingdang was composed of northern expatriates and sons. At that time, it was mainly generals, not soldiers, who were recruited. Liu Gaozhi, He Qian, Zhuge Kan, Gao Heng, Liu Rail, Tian Luo, Sun Wuzhong, and others were actually displaced marshals who were active south of Jianghuai and had a certain armed force, and after being incorporated into the Beifu system, they only needed to be given military titles or assassin names, or supplemented with certain soldiers, and they could fight. The sergeants they led were soldiers for generations— displaced people. As a result of the loss of land, only war can be waged, and military technology has been developed.
From the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty until the middle of the Southern Dynasty, the military success of the Beifu soldiers defended the south from northern invasion. They have become a family of their own. The generals of The Northern Province, the Generals of Xuzhou Benzhi Jingkou, and the Generals of the Northern Province each occupied the land of Xuzhou with military merit, forming the economic foundation of this military force.
The Huangshan Pagoda built by Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty
In the first year of Yuan Xing (402), Huan Xuan raised an army to the east, attacked Jiankang, killed Sima Yuanxian, seized Liu Gao's military power, and replaced him with his cousin Huan Xiu. Liu Yu judged the situation and temporarily threw himself into Huan Xuan to act obscure. Because Liu Yu repeatedly built military merits and was quite prestigious in the old department of Beifu, he became the general representative of the Beifu soldiers. In February of the third year of Yuan Xing (404), Liu Yu, who had joined the army of Liu Gaozhi, contacted Liu Yi, He Wuji (nephew of the prisoner) and other middle- and lower-ranking generals of the Northern Prefecture army to defeat Huan Xuan at Jingkou and Guangling respectively.
This hereditary military system created a military class of overseas Chinese, and later the Lanling Xiao clan of the Qi and Liang dynasties was also representative of this class.
Liu Yu's Northern Expedition was also one of the most successful Northern Expeditions in the history of Chinese warfare, and its achievements were second only to Zhu Yuanzhang's Northern Expedition. Xin Abandoned Disease used the phrase "Jinge iron horse, swallowing like a tiger" to describe it as appropriate.