What kind of a person is Liu Yu, emperor of the Song Dynasty History evaluates Liu Yu

Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty Liu Yu (16 April 363 – 26 June 422), courtesy name Deyu (德縣), courtesy name Ji Nu , was born in Suiyuli, Pengcheng County, and was born in Jingkouli, Dantu County, Jinling County, after calling himself Liu Jiao, the King of Chuyuan in the Western Han Dynasty, a politician, reformer, and military figure during the Southern and Northern Dynasties, who twice went north to recover Luoyang, Chang'an, and other places, with outstanding merits. After the great merit of Gao Zhen, he established himself on behalf of the Jin Dynasty and established the Southern Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.

In the third year of Long'an (399), he joined the army to revolt, calmed the internal war, and successively eliminated Liu Yi, Sun En, Lu Xun, Huan Chu, Western Shu, Sima Xiuzhi and other separatist forces, so that the southern region had a unified situation that had not been seen in a hundred years. It devoted itself to the Northern Expedition, eliminated the Southern Yan, Later Qin and other states, and recovered Shandong, Henan, and Guanzhong. After taking the throne, he also sent troops to the south to conquer the State of Linyi, and the entire territory of the State of Linyi was annexed.

In the first year of the Yong Dynasty (420), Liu Yu deposed Sima Dewen, the Emperor Gong of Jin, and established himself as emperor, with the state name Song, the capital Jiankang, and the southern dynasty began. During his reign, he learned the lessons of the former dynastic warriors and the powerful and tyrannical lords, suppressed the merger of the powerful and powerful, implemented the land break, rectified the rule of officials, reused the cold door, lightly dispensed with the thin endowment, abolished the harsh laws, and improved the political and social conditions. He made significant contributions to the economic development of Jiangnan and the protection and development of Han culture, and was known as the "First Emperor of the Southern Dynasty". It laid a solid foundation for the rule of Yuan Jia, and also laid the rudiments of southern dynasty politics. He was praised by the great thinker Li Zhen of the Ming Dynasty as "the prince of the rejuvenation of the chaotic dynasty".

How history evaluates Liu Yu

Overall

Liu Yu of the Hanmen Shu clan "rose up from the cold", relying on military merit and the military power of the Northern Province in his hands, he stepped onto the stage of history, and he and the people around him formed a group of Han people warriors to create a situation in which the Han people were in power. In 420 AD, the Eastern Jin Dynasty was destroyed and the Liu Song dynasty, the first dynasty of the Southern Dynasty, was established. In the twenty years from Liu Yu's entry into power to become emperor, he took a series of effective measures in the political, economic, and military fields, vigorously correcting the maladministration of the Jin Dynasty, strengthening the centralization of power, eradicating separatist and separatist forces, and striving to develop the economy. In 413, he destroyed Western Shu, recaptured Bashu, and killed the dividers. In 415, he conquered Xiangyang, recaptured Jing and Yang Prefectures, expelled the divider Sima Xiuzhi, and in 417, he launched a large-scale Northern Expedition to destroy Later Qin, recaptured Guan and Luo, and in 420, sent troops to march south to Linyi, Linyi surrendered, and most of China south of the Yellow River was unified. At the same time, the "Yixi Tujue" was implemented twice, cracking down on haoqiang and suppressing mergers. His son Liu Yilong (Emperor Wen of Song) continued Liu Yu's policies, and finally the "reign of Yuan Jia" appeared in the era of great rule in the divided period. At that time, the great statesman cui hao of the Northern Wei Dynasty once compared Liu Yu with Cao Cao, and he pointed out: "Liu Yu's peace and chaos, Sima Dezong's Cao Cao also." Wang Fuzhi, a thinker in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, said: "Yuzhi is meritorious to the world and fierce to Cao Cao." Li Yan directly praised Liu Yu as "the prince of the dingchao dynasty", and the modern master Mr. Lu Xun said that he was the only monarch worthy of recognition in the Southern Dynasty.

Liu Yu's military thinking is very rich, he has made great contributions to China's military history, and he is a hero created by the times. Liu Yu was the emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Southern and Northern Dynasties, who was quite accomplished, the most accomplished, and the most accomplished. The reforms he made promoted the progress of society and promoted the development of history.

Historical evaluation

Wang Mo: "'Qing should be a hero of a generation. ”

Cui Hao: "Liu Yu rose up in the cold, did not step up the earth, destroyed Huan Xuan, revived the Jin Room, Murong Chao of the Northern Bird, lu Xun of the South, and went forward, not his talent, An Neng was like this!" 」 Liu Yuzhi, Sima Dewen of Cao Caoye. ”

Yao Xing: "Liu Yu plucked up subtle, could please Huan Xuan, revive the Jin Room, internally Shu Zheng, and externally repair the frontier." ”

Shen Yue: "The Han clan carried four hundred ancestors, than the Long Zhou, although the four seas collapsed, and the people of the Liu clan, the head of the Qian, did not have the heart to move." Wei Wuzhi subdued the people with his soldiers, so he was able to sit and move the celestial calendar; Although Ding Yun has changed, the people have not forgotten the Han. And Wei Room decayed, and resentment was not settled. The handle of the Jin Dynasty Zaifu, because of the smallness of the imperial family, the world is good at power, and uses the foundation of the king. As for Song Zu's appointment, Yiyue Qianmo. Jin moved south from the Temple of she, Lu went to the royal family, the imperial power was ordered, and the taifu was relegated. Although the way of kings exists, the Lord will be thankful. Huan Wenxiong is only in the world, and when he is a senior, the karma of moving the ding has been completed, and the hope of the heavens and the people will change. Since Si, the Jin Dao has been dim, the Daozi has opened its calamity, the Yuan has become its last provocation, and Huan Xuan has taken advantage of the luck to take advantage of the time to do the karma of his father, because of the Revolution, people have no different hearts. Gao Zudi is not Huan, Wen, there is no brigade, once did not Xun Xun, Yi fierce and violent, Qi Jin matched the heavens, did not lose old things, Jie Nei Qing Outside, Gong Ge Ou Yu. As for the change of the sound of the bell stone, the change of chai tian, the people have gone to Jin, different from the beginning of Yankang, the merit is quiet and chaotic, and the end of the Xianxi. Therefore, Emperor Gaoxun was relieved. Ruofu Le pushed home, Acura collected, Wei and Jin adopted their names, and Gao Zu received the truth. Boom!"

Li Yanshou: "Jin moved south from Sheji, and Wang Gang was in a disorderly manner. The imperial power of the country, the regressive Taifu, although the king's way exists, the Lord Wei Jiu Xie. Huan Wenxiong is only in the world, and when he is a senior, the karma of moving the ding has been completed, and the hope of the heavens and the people will change. Since Si, Emperor Dao has fainted, Daozi has opened his troubles, and Yuan has become his end. Huan Xuan took advantage of the luck of the time and gave priority to the capital, and the revolution was brought to an end, and people had no different expectations. Song Wudi was not Qi and Jin, and there was no brigade in the crowd, and it was not xun xun, it was fierce and violent, it was clear inside and outside, and the gong was up and down. If Fu Le pushes home, acura collection, school Wei, Jin, can be described as a harvest. However, Emperor Wu would be involved in zhi zhi feng, weak heir Fang Yu, Gu Youci Yan, and no strict training before. The young emperor's body is easy to dye, and the posture can be lowered. Foreign things do not offend their hearts, but they will follow their will. Conniving is not learning but being able to do it, and dying is set unexpectedly. Its most turbulent, not unfortunate also. Woe to you!"

Pei Ziye: "Emperor Gaozuwu of song took the title of Gaidai Xiongcai, raised a puppet and merged with Liuhe, Ke Guo de jun, sent more traces than Wei Wu, performed meritorious deeds to the world, and Wasde thicker than Jin Xuan, with the labor of rebellion and rebellion, and the power of Yibian to swing dangers." ”

Xiao Fang and others: "The husband dragon lurks, and the fish and shrimp are blasphemous." It is Han Gao pardoning Yong Tooth, Wei Wu sparing Liang Hu, and An can be clothed to form a gap of ten thousand multipliers! Now the king is a prince, and the clan is dead, and the grace is resentful, how narrow!"

Yu Shinan: "Song Zu raised his sword with a pifu, pioneered the great cause, between the tenth month, Chong'an Jinding, the land of Banzhou, the pawn of a county, the beheading of Yongshu, the capture of Yao Hong in Kunhan, Murong Chao in Qingzhou, the trail of Lulu outside the ridge, the rong banner pointed out, and there was no obstacle to the future." Look at its open-mindedness and grandeur, then the wind of Henkel; Winning the mind, then the light of the horse. Unfortunately, its shortness is not measurable. ”

Zhu Jingze: "Liu Yutianxi is brave and brave, and he is destined to live a life, and he does not wait to borrow the praise of Si Han, and he has not had time to take a leave of absence from the Zhou Meeting." The league is twenty-seven, willing from a hundred. Thunder moves Zhu Fang, the wind sends bamboo. The dragon strides and the gods are determined. The sword was shouted, and the righteous voice was fourfold. The destruction of Chu has become a cause, and the foundation of the restoration of jin has long been extinguished. Qixia matches the heavens, does not lose the old things, although the ancients used soldiers, not enough to add also. When things are known and people are moved, there is no more service, and the west is as far as the Shu is, and the north is paddling the great river. Since the end of the Han Dynasty, the Eastern Jin Dynasty expanded the territory and failed to reach it. ”

Sima Guang: "Emperor Qing was simple and widowed, strict and law-abiding, was obedient, frugal in cloth su, rare in feasting, and concubines at least." After tasting the daughter of The High Ancestor of Qin, there is a grand favor, and it is quite wasteful; Xie Obscure advised and dispatched immediately. The treasures are hidden in the outer house and are not hidden inside. Lingnan tasted the fine cloth of the barrel, and at one end, the emperor hated its jingli laborers, that is, paid the si bomb too guarded, returned it with cloth, and made Lingnan forbidden to make this cloth. The princess was out of place, but no more than 200,000 were sent, and there was no splendid embroidery. Forbidden inside and outside, do not dare to be extravagant. ”

He Wentfei: "Emperor Wu of Song rose up in a posture of Yingte, Ping Lingbao in Old Chu, Liu Yi in Jingyu, Southern Yan in Erqi, KeChen in Yongshu, Lu Xun in Jiaoguang, Yao Hong in the West and Later Qin, Gaiju without exhaustive strategy and the world in obedience." Kou of the North, Tuoba of the Duguan East, and Helian Er of Longbei. Fang Qi entered the pass, and although the Wei people were strong, they did not dare to point south to the west to discuss the future. ”

Xin abandoned the disease: "The grass and trees of the oblique sun, the ordinary alleys are strange, and the humane slaves once lived." Think of that year, Jinge iron horse, swallowed like a tiger. ”

Li Zhen: "He is the king of chaos and prosperity." ”

Wang Fuzhi: "Song Wuxing, Murong Chao in the east, Yao Hong in the west, Tuoba Si and Helian Bobo in the west." Since Liu Yuan claimed chaos, Zu Ti, Yu Yi, Huan Wen, and Xie An had been operating for a hundred years without being able to do so. After this, Erxiao and Chen shi did not have the exhibition of the soil, and soaked in it to cut it down. However, Yongjia descended, and only those who extended the chinese life of man, only Liu's ear. The Jin people sat in the middle of the plains, and blamed Song for not being flattened, and deposing him without his exploits, and it was also a great injustice. ”

Xia Zengyou: "In the Twenty-Four Histories, the Lord of Man won the righteousness of the country, the merit was high, and the Han was high, and when he pushed Song Wu, he must not be different from the mixed one, but also have a Xuan Ren. ”

Zhang Binglin: "The charcoal in the snowy plains, the orders of the light ancestors, the achievements of the slaves and Yuan Zhang, I know that they are not far away." ”

Lü Simian: "Song Wu Dynasty Jin, on that day, was already as strong as a hammer, that is, irrelevant and Luo's achievements, was it not worrying about achieving anything?" Gou Qi was anxious to plot, and after usurping Sima Xiu, he could usurp it, so why should he cut down Qin in one more move? Emperor Wu's dissidents, although Yun wantonly eliminated them, he also especially heard the best of his mediocrity, on the contrary, there will be many sons. Liu Mu's death, the back road has nothing to trust, there is stealing hair, do not you have to worry about the overall situation? Those who want to take over the outside must first be inside, then Emperor Wu's return to the south must not be entrusted to him for selfish planning. Although Yi Zhenyun is young, there are not many elite soldiers who have left the West. The death of Wang Zhen evil was on the fourteenth day of the first month (should be the fifteenth), and the boerous map of Chang'an, still lasted three hours and then ke, which showed that the strength of the army was not insufficient. The key to the fall of Chang'an lies in the death of Wang Xuan. The truth of righteousness is beyond the expectation of the unforeseen, and this is especially not to be blamed. ”

Cai Dongfan: "Yugu I No. Yukiya, after Cao A's secret, who cares about Yuyu?" "The teaching of Jinhan, see thousands of miles from afar, YuCheng a wolf! To kill Liu Yi, kill Zhuge Changmin, wave a hand and two hanging poles, how sensitive and fast! However, to please Lu Xun, Xu Daofu, and Yu Connivance, just like the Near Gong, attacking and killing Liu Yi and asking Ge Changmin is purely selfish, Sima Zhao's heart, passers-by are well known, and it is better to stay until after the usurpation of the country!"

Fan Wenlan: "In the Song Dynasty created by Liu Yu, the emperor held great power alone, mainly assisted, and mostly chose the cold gate, and the original high-gate clan could only be an official with great power and small power, which was rare for the emperor's trust. Weakening the political power of the warrior clan and practicing the centralized power of the emperor's autocracy, the degree of unity in the Song Dynasty was far beyond that of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which was strong and divided, and the political power was greatly enhanced. At that time, the Xianbei Tuoba tribe unified the Yellow River Valley, the emergence of a powerful Wei state, if there is no unified Han regime, the Xianbei people invaded the south several times, it is likely to annex the Yangtze River Basin, destroying the developing economy and culture. Therefore, Liu Yu's elimination of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which was not established by the Ji Gang and the arrogance and strength, and established a relatively powerful Song Dynasty, was a great contribution to the history of the Han nationality. ”

Bai Shouyi: "Liu Yu was not only distinguished by his martial arts at that time, but also in some political measures, he was also very accomplished. Emperor Liu Yu of the Song Dynasty was one of the many emperors of the Southern Dynasty who was effective in governing the country. The Liu Yu period was the prosperous period of the Liu Song Dynasty, and it can also be said that it was the prosperous period of the Southern Dynasty. Liu Yu destroyed Shu, Southern Yan, and Later Qin, and had the momentum of unifying the whole country. But during Liu Yu's period, there were many internal troubles. The remaining forces of Sun En's rebellion, Lu Xun and Xu Daofu, were still fighting, and the political forces opposing Liu Yu, such as Liu Yi and the Gate Valve clan, were still very strong. These forces prevented the further realization of Liu Yu's ambitions."