Liu Yu was the founding emperor of the Southern Dynasty Liu Song Dynasty, and his life was full of legends. Born poor, he joined the army to quell internal strife, so that the south appeared a unified situation that had not been seen in a hundred years, eliminated the Southern Yan, Later Qin and other countries, recovered Huaibei, Henan, Guanzhong and other places, and created the most extensive territory of the Six Dynasties of Jiangzuo, known as the "First Emperor of the Southern Dynasty".
When I first met Liu Yu in the language textbook, when I memorized the "Yongyule • Jingkou Beiguting Huaigu" in my early years, there was him in it, and the upper gap was:
"Throughout the ages, heroes are not found, Sun Zhongmou is in charge." Dance hall song stage, the wind is always blown, the rain blows away. Slanting grass trees, ordinary alleys and strange, humane slaves once lived. Think of that year, Jinge iron horse, swallowed like a tiger. "
Encounter those who do not understand much, naturally look at the following notes, the last few sentences are said to be this Liu Yu. So this name was deeply rooted in my mind, but at that time, I really did not expect that this Liu Yu was so powerful in history, with such a great role and influence.
Liu Yu, the character Deyu, gave a nickname called Zhinu, and most of the generations up, Liu Yu and his family were from Pengcheng (present-day Xuzhou, Jiangsu), and later moved to Jingkou (Zhenjiang, Jiangsu).
The Zizhi Tongjian says that he was "born and his mother died, his family was poor, and he would abandon it", and his aunt "went to the rescue".
What does that mean? When Liu Yu was born, his mother died due to difficult childbirth, and the old Liu who loved his wife deeply, like the Duke of Tywin in "A Song of Ice and Fire", did not have a good feeling for this son, and for economic reasons, he was ready to throw him to the suburbs as a wolf child. Fortunately, Liu Yu's aunt arrived in time to save Xiao Liu Yu, who had just given birth at that time, but cut off her own child's milk and devoted herself to feeding this motherless baby. Perhaps it is because of this that his nickname is so pitiful, full of bitterness under the fence.
At that moment, all the weeping people certainly could not have imagined that the baby in front of them would grow into a god of war, and the land on which they were standing at this moment would remain a holy place for everyone to worship and hang on for thousands of years. As the saying goes, the children of poor families have long been in charge, and Liu Yu's family is even poorer than the poor and lower-middle peasants, and he has been chopping firewood, planting land, fishing, and selling straw shoes since he was a child, but he still has not enough to eat. Later, he simply gambled and fought, although he was like a second-rate son, he was very filial to his father and stepmother.
Live without a ghost, without education, without a social family background, without the necessary resources for upward mobility; He has no strengths, no dignity, and no basic conditions for fame. Apart from poverty, he had almost nothing, and because he could not afford to pay gambling, he was once tied to a horse stake for public display.
The people in the village looked down on him, thinking he was poor and a jerk. Liu Yu also felt that it would be ruined if he mixed up again, so he ran to join the Beifu Army, which was the most powerful army in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Who is the commander of the Northern Province Army?
Xie Xuan!
Remember the famous battle of Shuishui in history textbooks where less wins more. The Eastern Jin Dynasty defeated the former Qin Dynasty with tens of thousands of troops. The idiom of grass and trees is from here. And this Jin army that defeated Former Qin was the Northern Fu Army! The Beifu Army was intimidated by the northern peoples, and they ran when they saw it, which was rare in history. There was a famous general in the Beifu Army named Liu Jiaozhi, who fought bravely and was invincible.
Liu Yu surrendered to the command of the famous Eastern Jin general Liu Gaozhi, starting from an ordinary soldier. Because of his bravery in battle, he was soon promoted to a minor officer in the army.
Sun En, an old rival, once gave him a gift called Puzzle Grass, mocking him as a shoe seller who needed to grow a little more intellectually. He also used the soup to continue his life, suggesting that the other party was short-lived, and the good days were coming to an end. With his super martial arts and heroic personality, he climbed quickly in the army in the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Sun En, the leader of the Wudou Rice Road, led the people to rise up and revolt.
Liu Yuzhi was responsible for suppressing Sun En's uprising, and when he arrived at the front-line battlefield, Liu Gaozhi asked Liu Yu to lead more than a dozen soldiers to the local front to investigate the enemy's situation, unfortunately, Liu Yu encountered the siege of Sun En's army of a thousand people, Liu Yu did not have the slightest fear, killed more than a dozen enemy troops, and the enemy army was forced by his momentum of courage and good fighting, and did not dare to move forward, so they turned around and left.
Alone, he hunted down thousands of enemies and stunned those who came to his aid. The scene is so bizarre and inexplicable that no one can explain why thousands of strong men with weapons were chased by a single person and chased by a rat. With this battle, Liu Yu became famous and quickly became the commander of the army.
In the past few decades, Liu Yu has encountered more than a dozen opponents, large and small, none of whom are idiots, and no one is easy to mess with, but in the end they are all defeated by him. What does Liu Yu rely on? Not luck, not coincidence, but extraordinary insight. And all this was fully reflected in the next two wars.
In 402, Huan Xuan (桓文子) rebelled, invaded Jiankang, killed Sima Yuanxian, and seized Liu Jiao's military power, and Liu Gaozhi fled and hanged himself. Liu Yu judged the situation, Tao Guang cultivated obscurity, endured without hair, and temporarily attached himself to Huan Xuan. In December 403, Huan Xuan expelled Emperor An of Jin and established himself as king.
In February 404, in the name of hunting, Liu Yu gathered more than 1,700 remnants of the Beifu army and raised an uprising at Jingkou. Soon he captured Jiankang and welcomed emperor An of Jin to restore the throne. At this time, Liu Yu was in power and had become the first person in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
The rise of Liu Yu mainly relied on the reorganization of a brand-new Beifu army of subordinates such as Liu Muzhi, Liu Yi, Zhuge Changmin, Tan Daoji, and Wang Zhenxi, and this military force, from generals to soldiers, was descended from the subordinate clan. This class structure determines the pragmatic and capable color of the military group, and this new military group that condenses the middle and lower elites to defeat the corrupt old door valve represented by Huan Xuan is the trend of the times.
Liu Yu's credit is really too great, he has been awarded a lot of important titles, and the number cannot be counted. In the fourth year of Yixi, that is, in 408 AD, Liu Yu served as the Assassin of Yangzhou, recorded Shangshu shi, and actually held the central power of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
During the Six Dynasties period, the Yangzhou Assassin History has always been a very prominent position, in terms of jurisdiction, equivalent to the commander of the Nanjing Military Region, and the entire lower reaches of the Yangtze River are under its control. The most crucial thing is that its seat of governance is in the city of Nanjing, right at the feet of Tianzi, so the yangzhou assassin shi position seems to be the commander of the Beijing Military Region, in a sense, as long as the army is controlled, it will directly control the central government.
A few years later, the Southern Yan in the north saw that the Eastern Jin Dynasty was weak and often invaded from the south. So Liu Yu marched north and attacked Southern Yan, along the way, straight to its capital, and took the Emperor of Southern Yan back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty and beheaded him.
After the victory in the north, Liu Yu immediately turned around and began to annihilate Western Shu. Liu Yu, with his extremely high personal military prowess and the powerful military strength of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, soon destroyed the small state of Western Shu and beheaded its emperor.
Later, he once again led his army north to attack Later Qin, and successfully occupied his capital in the second year of his army, and also killed the Later Qin Emperor, which was already the fourth emperor he had killed.
The Battle of Southern Yan made Liu Yu's path to emperor more than ordinary smooth, and also laid the foundation for the final title of emperor.
In the first stage, he defeated the Yimin armed forces led by Sun En, winning his identity and status for himself: in the second stage, he defeated Huan Xuan and established his own unique political position: in the last stage, he carried out a large-scale territorial expansion, paving the way for himself to become emperor.
As his prestige grew, Liu Yu became so prominent that in 419 he sent someone to kill Emperor An of Jin, established himself as emperor, and established the Liu Song regime. Changed Yuan Yongchu, this year, he was 56 years old. After taking the throne, Liu Yu weakened the strong domain and centralized the central government; rectified the household registration, abolished the harsh laws and regulations, reused the talented people of the cold door, cracked down on the rich families, carried out the reform of yixi, meritocracy, and strictly enforced the law of soil judgment, reduced the peasant tax, let the people rest and recuperate in a relaxed environment, and develop production.
But Liu Yu died after 2 years as emperor. The Beifu Army was also destroyed by infighting and the invasion of the northern peoples before, of course, the most important thing was infighting. No wonder that later the northern nationalities gradually became stronger, and after several regime changes, they were later unified by Zhou and usurped by Yang Jian, unifying the whole country and establishing the Great Sui Dynasty!
Looking at Liu Yu's path as emperor, he rose up in the township as the husband of tianshe, shrewd and heroic, conquered the east and the west, invincible, and then stood on behalf of the Jin Dynasty. There is no doubt that his courage must be one of the keys to success, and at the same time, his choice of path is even more correct, thus making his courage decisive.
Although he came from the grassroots, his courage is extraordinary, wise, three-dimensional and open like a tall building, and it is dizzying to look at. Because of his courage, he was able to walk through the thorns, defeat the good hands, and create his own regime. Similarly, although he is grassroots, he is always superior in insight, not only to find opportunities, but more importantly, to capture opportunities decisively. Many people, even if they exhaust their life's energy, it is difficult to change their fate.
The Zizhi Tongjian and the Book of Song posted an evaluation: Song Zu raised the sword with a pifu, the first great cause, between the tenth month, Chong'an Jinding, the land of Half Prefecture, the pawn of a county, the beheading of Yongshu, the capture of Yao Hong in Kunhan, Murong Kechao in Qingzhou, the fall of Lulu outside the ridge, the rong banner pointed out, and there was no way to go. Look at its open-mindedness and grandeur, then the wind of Henkel; if you win the mind, you will be the horse of light and martial arts. Unfortunately, its shortness is not measurable.
Liu Yu's journey from a grassroots to the king's landing is really a legendary entrepreneurial history. Later, Zhu Zhongba learned from him. After becoming emperor, he straightened out the rule of officials, abolished harsh laws, lightly dispensed with thin endowments, worked diligently and loved the people, and created the "Rule of Yuanjia", which made important contributions to the unification of southern China and the economic development.