In September 1935, after a ten-month long journey, the 25th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army took the lead in completing the Long March and arrived in northern Shaanxi, successfully transferring from the strategy of the revolutionary base area of Eyu-Anhui to the Shaanxi-Gansu region where the enemy's strength was weak, preserving the revolutionary strength.
As the "advance team" of the Long March, the Red Twenty-fifth Army arrived in northern Shaanxi in advance, laying a solid foundation for the smooth northward march of the main Red Army and the Party Central Committee.
However, Wu Huanxian never had another chance to see this victory scene. On August 21, 1935, at the age of 28, he was unfortunately shot and killed in a battle with the Kuomintang army in Jingchuan, Gansu Province, and fell on the eve of the victory of the Long March.
He was revered by the soldiers as the soul of the Red Twenty-fifth Army, and Mao Zedong said affectionately after learning the news of his sacrifice: "The expedition of the Red 25th Army has made great contributions to the Chinese revolution, and Wu Huanxian's contribution is indispensable!"
So, who is Wu Huanxian? What merits did he have that could be so highly praised by Chairman Mao and the soldiers?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" >, sacrifice for the whole family of the revolution</h1>
To answer this question, we must start from the fact that he came from a landlord family but resolutely chose to join the revolution.
Wu Huanxian was born in 1907 to an enlightened landlord family in rural Xinxiang, Henan. Although his father was a landlord, he only lived on a few acres of thin fields and a grocery store left by his ancestors.
The young Wu Huanxian worked hard in the private school, was intelligent and studious, and was loved by all his classmates and teachers.
In 1923, Wu Huan, with excellent grades, was admitted to the Hubei Macheng Sericulture School.
At that time, the director of the Macheng County Education Bureau was Wang You'an, a communist party member, who widely spread Marxism at the Macheng Sericulture School as the main location, and Wu Huanxian, who studied here, was deeply attracted to Marxism for the first time.
During his studies, as a progressive youth, after witnessing the atrocities of imperialism and the atrocities of the reactionary rule of the Beiyang government, he took to the streets with his classmates to participate in the activities of posting revolutionary slogans and marching and demonstrating.
By this time, his friend Dai Jilun, who was studying in Wuhan, had joined the Chinese Communist Party. In several exchanges with Dai Jilun, Wu Huanxian gained a deep understanding of Marxism and the Chinese Communist Party, and more clearly defined the party's principles and policies.
Since then, wu Huanxian, a hot-blooded young man, has aspired to become a communist fighter, devote himself to the revolution, and practice Marxism.
Upon returning home from the school holiday, Wu Huan first took down the portrait of his ancestors posted in the middle of the hall for decades and replaced it with a portrait of Marx brought back from the school.
He told his father that in the future, everyone in the family should believe in this person, because he can bring us a new world of more equality and freedom.
Although his father grew up in the old society and did not receive a new education, he was open-minded and willing to sit down and listen to his son. After the exchange, his parents really understood Marxism and later supported his revolutionary ideas very much.
Two years later, Wu Huanxian, who graduated from school, graduated and returned home, and his father hoped that he would find an errand to support his family, but Wu Huanxian said firmly: "To do great things, I will never be in the company of corrupt officials and corrupt officials, leaving a name!" ”
During his stay at home for more than a month, Wu Huanxian often took advantage of the opportunity to work with the villagers to propagate Marxism and revolutionary ideas to them.
Because of poverty, many people in the countryside where Wu Huanxian's family is located are illiterate and the news is closed.
He posted propaganda slogans on the walls of the intersection, posted portraits of Marx, drew maps of China, and explained in detail to the villagers the ins and outs of the events through news in the press.
Let the villagers understand the atrocities of barbaric imperialism in a vain attempt to invade China and create tragic cases, as well as the numerous crimes of the Beiyang government at that time in betraying the country and seeking glory and suppressing the revolution. The townspeople are called upon to unite in an armed struggle against imperialism and the reactionary government.
In 1926, the organization agreed to Wu Huanxian's joining the Communist Party of China, and after joining the party, he became more active in revolutionary work. First, he carried out activities in his hometown to develop the party's grass-roots organizations and engage in the peasant movement.
In order to show his revolutionary determination, convince the townspeople, and in order to lead the landlords like his own family, he first "started" from his own home and revolutionized his own family's "life".
He gathered all the tenants who had farmed for his family and announced in public: "Now whoever plants my family's land will belong to whomever is planted, and the money and rent previously owed will be written off." ”
The peasant movement led by Wu Huanxian was huge and caused strong repercussions in the local area.
Fearing that the peasant movement had revolutionized their "lives," the stubborn landlords and squires colluded with local bandits and bullies to wash away wu Huanxian's four-cornered Caomen village and brutally murdered six members of the Wu family, including his father.
He was not crushed by the tragedy of his family, and the pain of losing his relatives and his hatred for the landlords and bandits made his revolutionary convictions even stronger.
In the years when Wu Huanxian was outside leading the revolutionary struggle, only his wife Cao Ganxian and his mother-in-law were dependent on each other and had a difficult life. During the Fourth and Fifth Encirclement and Suppression Campaigns of the Kuomintang against the Red Army, the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law fled to other places several times by begging.
In May 1933, when qinghuang did not receive the answer, and all the soldiers of the Red Twenty-fifth Army were still hungry to participate in the siege of Qiliping, the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law heard about it and went door to door to beg, and sent the begging grain to the troop position.
When his wife Cao Ganxian came to the army, Wu Huanxian was busy discussing with the commanders and fighters the battle plan of "anti-encirclement and suppression." Only the shouts of the guards were heard, saying that his wife was waiting for him at the bottom of the mountain and asking him to meet him.
In fact, Wu Huanxian left home on the sixth day after his new marriage because of the emergency of the war, and rarely returned home after arriving at the army, sometimes rarely seeing each other for several months. When the guard said this, Wu Huanxian immediately blushed.
Due to the rugged mountain road, it took a lot of time to go back and forth from the command post to the foot of the mountain, and the specific battle had not yet been decided at this time, Wu Huanxian was a little embarrassed. Therefore, he was angry: "Don't look at how urgent the situation is now, the enemy can pounce at any time, and if there is time to go down the mountain to see him." ”
The guard was a little embarrassed, but still said: "Looking at her appearance is quite anxious, as if there is something urgent to say, you should go down the mountain to meet." ”
But Wu Huanxian still did not agree, but sent a guard to inquire about the situation and ask him to come back and report to him.
The guards heard Wu Huanxian's order and trotted all the way down the mountain to meet Cao Ganxian, who had been waiting at the bottom of the mountain for a long time. Because of the lack of nutrition, she was pregnant with a child, could not eat, and her face was pale.
Cao Ganxian saw that Wu Huanxian did not come down, so he handed over the grain he and his mother-in-law begged for to the guards, as well as a bag she had knitted by hand. She asked the guards to get the news that Wu Huanxian was pregnant, but the guards forgot and only handed the things to Wu Huanxian, and did not bring the words.
When he received the grain sent by his wife from the guards, he was stunned, there were rice, wheat and other grains, which they must have come out to beg.
On the way back, Cao Ganxian was too hungry and died halfway through.
What Wu Huanxian did not expect was that these grains would eventually become a relic left to him by his wife, and these grains were also her last gift to the revolution.
A few days later, when he led his troops through the area, he found his wife lying on the side of the road, and only then did he learn that she was four months pregnant. This became a permanent pain in his heart.
In order to avoid the enemy's search, Wu Huanxian's mother hid in the wall of her own grocery store, painstakingly avoided for a winter, and was eventually starved to death.
Since then, the landlord family, which was originally a happy and prosperous family, has broken up and died for the revolution, and eight members of the family have lost their lives one after another.
However, such a dilemma did not hit him, because Wu Huanxian had not only this small family in his heart, but the entire nation and country.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" > Second, Dabie Mountain leads the armed struggle</h1>
After this incident, Wu Huanxian realized that if the peasant movement did not have an armed force, it would not be able to truly achieve the purpose of the revolution. Therefore, he set out to form the first local revolutionary armed force, the Arrow Factory River Revolutionary Heroic Brigade.
This contingent was the first armed force in the Eyu-Anhui region, and later became an important source of red fourth-front troops, so he was known as the main founder of the Eyu-Anhui revolutionary base area.
In 1927, Wu Huanxian led the revolutionary armed forces to launch a struggle to "borrow grain from Nianguan", which severely taught the local local tycoons and inferior gentry, and at the same time, he also destroyed the enemies of a squad of "anti-private salt cards" set up by the reactionary government.
The revolutionary fire ignited by Wu Huanxian quickly formed a burning trend in the Eyu-Anhui region, and the revolutionary contingent and members of the peasant associations under his leadership reached several thousand.
In September of the same year, Wu Huanxian led a rebellion. In October, he led the Jianchanghe peasant armed forces to participate in the famous jute uprising, and as the main force took on the heavy responsibility of attacking the county seat of Huang'an.
The jute uprising fired the first shot of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries in the Eyu-Anhui region, and a revolutionary armed detachment, the Edong Army, was established.
However, due to the lack of experience of the rebel troops and the large number of enemy soldiers, the Eastern Hubei Army was eventually outnumbered in the later defense of Huang'an County.
After the failure of the jute uprising, in the face of the frenzied encirclement and suppression and purging of the Kuomintang reactionaries like hungry tigers, Wu Huanxian and others could only go underground and carry out activities in secret.
After the failure of the third "encirclement and suppression" of the Eyu-Anhui base area, in August 1932, the Kuomintang gathered 300,000 superior troops to carry out the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the Red Fourth Front, and the Red Army rushed to the battle and finally failed.
In October 1932, except for a small number of troops left, most of the Red Fourth Front army left the Eyu-Anhui base area and moved westward, and Wu Huanxian remained in the Eyu-Anhui base area under the order of the organization.
In order to do a good job in the construction of the Red Twenty-fifth Army, Wu Huanxian devoted all his efforts, and he not only attached importance to the expansion of the army and the preparation of supplies, but also paid attention to the ideological construction and military training of the contingent.
After the failure of the fourth "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaign, the main forces withdrew from the base areas, and the morale of the troops was low, so Wu Huanxian personally went down to the battalion and company levels to make ideological mobilization to boost morale.
Under Wu Huanxian's rectification, the newly formed Red Twenty-fifth Army soon became a new revolutionary force in the Eyu-Anhui Border Region. According to the situation on the battlefield, he led the team to carry out a wide range of flexible and mobile guerrilla warfare.
The Battle of Guojiahe was the first battle since the formation of the troops, and Wu Huanxian attached great importance to it, so he gave instructions to all officers and men to boost their morale and extinguish the arrogance of the Kuomintang army.
On March 6, 1933, the battle began, all the fighters bravely killed the enemy, and with the cooperation of the local masses and armed forces, it took only one hour to kill more than 2,000 Kuomintang troops and capture a large amount of ammunition and materials.
The victory in the Battle of Guojiahe boosted the morale of all the soldiers and also enhanced their determination and confidence in resisting Japan. Subsequently, the battles of Panjiahe and Yangsizhai were won successively, and the team quickly grew by more than 10,000 people.
The following month, seeing that the Red Army was growing stronger and stronger, the Kuomintang made a comeback and gathered 100,000 troops to carry out the fifth "encirclement and suppression" of the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region.
Under the guidance of the combat policy of the superior strategic defense, the Red Twenty-fifth Army ended in several defensive battles and was forced to move, but on the way it encountered the enemy's encirclement and interception, and the team suffered heavy losses. Later, the main force reached northeast Hubei to insist on guerrilla warfare, while the other part returned to northwestern Anhui and formed the Red Twenty-Eighth Army.
In April 1934, the Red Twenty-fifth Army and the Red Twenty-Eighth Army were merged into the new Red Twenty-fifth Army, with Wu Huanxian as political commissar, while at this time only more than 3,000 troops remained after the defeat of the fifth "anti-encirclement and suppression" campaign.
When he was the commander of the army, Wu Huanxian led the team to charge the front, but now that he was a political commissar, he could still be handy and win the hearts of the people.
Soon after the team was combined, the Red Twenty-fifth Army planned to occupy LinkedIn Chengshan, but at this time the Kuomintang suddenly increased the number of defenders, and if they continued to choose to attack, they would definitely hit the stone with pebbles.
After consulting with the commander Xu Haidong, they abandoned their plan to attack Yingcheng Mountain, and instead chose to attack Taihu County.
Since Taihu Lake was in the rear of the enemy, the troops were weak, and if they could surprise them, they could achieve a big victory. Therefore, they left a small group of troops to pretend to attack Yingcheng Mountain, while the main force attacked the county seat of Taihu County.
Before the war, Wu Huanxian personally went down to various companies to carry out ideological mobilization, which greatly boosted the morale of the soldiers. After the victory in this battle, our side captured a large amount of grain and other materials.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" > third, ambition is not rewarded blood spilled on the battlefield</h1>
Due to the huge disparity in the strength of the enemy and ourselves in the Soviet area, the situation on the battlefield was very unoptimistic, and according to the instructions of the Party Central Committee, the Red Twenty-fifth Army carried out a major strategic shift. On November 16, 1934, the team set out from Luoshan, Henan, and moved to northern Shaanxi under the leadership of military commander Cheng Zihua and political commissar Wu Huanxian.
The Red Twenty-fifth Army was a lone army going north, with a blockade in front and a pursuit of soldiers, and the situation was very difficult. Shortly after departure, when Wu Huanxian led the Red Twenty-fifth Army to March to Dushu Town, pang Bingxun of the Kuomintang Forty Army had already waited here in advance, and had already seized the favorable terrain to launch a fierce attack on the Red Army.
At this time, the weather in Dushu Town, which was in the cold winter moon, was unusually cold, and it was raining and snowing, and at this time, the soldiers were still wearing single clothes, their hands and feet were almost frozen, and even the bolts of their guns could not be pulled, and soon the troops fell into an extremely passive situation.
The 224th Regiment was in danger of being surrounded by the enemy because it discovered that the enemy had fought late. Wu Huan saw that the situation on the battlefield was extremely unfavorable, drew a large knife from the back of the correspondent, and shouted, "Comrades, our army has reached the critical juncture of life and death, and it is the Communists who follow me!" ”
Hearing the order of the commissar, everyone drew their large knives and engaged in a deadly struggle with the enemy.
Wu Huanxian's actions infected all the commanders and fighters present, and everyone relied on their strong will to repel the enemy's attacks one after another. Subsequently, when Xu Haidong's reinforcements arrived, they worked together to repel an enemy dozens of times their own. This was the most vital battle of the Red Twenty-fifth Army during the Long March.
In December 1934, when the Red 25th Army was marching to yujiahe in Danfeng, Shaanxi, it was suddenly attacked by the Kuomintang army. Commander Cheng Zihua and deputy commander Xu Haidong were both wounded in the battle, and in the face of a critical moment, political commissar Wu Huanxian personally went to the front line to command the battle, and destroyed the strength of the enemy's three regiments.
In July of the following year, the Red Army and the Red Fourth Front fought in Maogong, Sichuan, planning to join forces to move north. Hearing this news, the Red Twenty-fifth Army held a meeting in Chang'an County, and Wu Huanxian made the decision to march north to northern Shaanxi.
On august 21, the entire Red Twenty-fifth Army was destined to take grief as a footnote. On this day, the troops arrived in Jingchuan, Gansu, in order to find out the news about the northward movement of the Central Red Army, and also to restrain the enemy from dispersing the enemy's forces for other units of our army.
The Twenty-fifth Army chose to cross the Wei River, and at this time, when the rainstorm was pouring, the river was flooding, and the troops who were crossing the river were suddenly attacked by the enemy, and at this critical juncture, Wu Huanxian could only choose to fight against the water.
He personally went into battle, took more than a hundred fighters around the enemy's rear to counterattack the enemy, although he repelled the enemy's attack, but no one was happy, because during the battle, the political commissar Wu Huanxian was unfortunately shot, lost too much blood and died.
He was only 28 years old at this time, he was a young man, the hero was not rewarded, and he was unwilling! The warriors all surrounded Wu Huanxian's body and covered their faces and wept.
Xu Haidong personally carried Wu Huanxian's body and walked heavily in the rainstorm... No one was more sad than him, he had lost the right arm and left arm he had fought together, and he personally scrubbed Wu Huanxian's body, covered his freshly washed military coat, and buried him under the mountain.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" >4</h1>
As the commander of the Red Twenty-fifth Army, Wu Huanxian had a high military command ability, and in several battles he was able to make accurate judgments based on the battlefield situation and command properly. As a political commissar, he can also do a good job in political work, unify the thinking of the contingent, and do a good job in propaganda work to boost morale.
And his knowledge and help to Han Xianchu can be seen in this.
During the Long March, once, the Red Twenty-fifth Army made a long-distance attack on Luotian County, and won a complete victory. Han Xianchu, as a company commander, led the soldiers into the headquarters of the enemy camp and captured more than 7,000 silver dollars.
The battalion commander asked Han Xianchu and several other cadres to carry a bag of silver dollars each, but on the way to retreat, they suddenly encountered the enemy and engaged in a street battle, the bag containing the silver dollar was broken, and the silver dollar was scattered on the ground.
Afterwards, Han Xianchu was shot and punished to carry a stretcher.
After Wu Huan first heard about this, he summoned Han Xianchu: "The silver dollar is gone, and we can still capture it from the enemy." Now that our troops have been seriously depleted after a long journey, what they need most are revolutionaries, and you must take up arms and go to the battlefield! ”
Han Xianchu was secretly happy, but his mouth said: "The order under the leadership should be carried up for at least two years..."
Wu Huanxian disagreed: "This is not possible, you go to Commander Li to get a gun, and you will say that I approved it." I heard that he still lacks a platoon leader under his hands, so you go and be it. We must fight a good war and be promoted to company commander, battalion commander, and regiment commander as soon as possible! ”
In the past two years, Han Xianchu has gradually risen from platoon commander to division commander.
Wu Huanxian's help and promotion made Han Xianchu unforgettable, and regarded Wu Huanxian as a life mentor. After liberation, no matter how the position changed, Han Xianchu's desk always had the only photo of Mr. Wu Huan's former bust on his desk.
Han Xianchu mentioned Wu Huanxian many times when talking to others, "He is both military and political, handsome and all-round. ”
He also once said: Wu Huanxian, it is not good to live to this day
The unfortunate sacrifice of Wu Huanxian, who was only 28 years old, in his revolutionary cause was not completed, was also the pain of Xu Haidong's life. This is a great loss to the party and the country, but the people will not forget him.
After the victory of the Long March, Mao Zedong commented on the Red Twenty-fifth Army and Wu Huanxian, saying: "The Red Twenty-fifth Army has made great contributions to the revolution. This great contribution should first be attributed to the millions of martyrs who died for the revolution, and also to Comrade Wu Huanxian, who founded and led the Red Twenty-fifth Army. ”