Who composed the first piano piece with a distinctly Chinese style? How is a piano repertoire with ethnic elements different from a Western classic? A history of Chinese piano, telling the history of the development of New China with black and white keys.
A few days ago, the power plant party group service station in the Yangshupu Power Plant Relic Park located on the Yangpu riverside shoreline, the new "Rejuvenation Set" forum with the theme of "Voice of China on the Black and White Piano Keys" was opened to the public. The main speakers were Ge Haohe and Xiang Zheng, teachers of the Piano Department of Shanghai Conservatory of Music, who vividly restored the century-old development process of Chinese piano from scratch in the form of explanations and performances.
"The world's earliest ancient piano was produced in England in the 14th century, divided into plucked ancient piano and percussion ancient piano, which were then brought to Macau and Zhaoqing, Guangdong by Matteo Ricci and his party, and entered Beijing in 1601 to dedicate to the Emperor of the Ming Dynasty." The musical "cold knowledge" narrated by the pianist aroused the interest of the listener. "Many of the emperors of the past could play the piano, and the most capable of playing the piano was the Kangxi Emperor."
"Outside the long pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green and the sky..." At the end of the 19th century, the Restoration and Reform Movement brought about cultural openness, the piano entered the folk school, and the tunes of the "school song" came from Japan, Europe, and the United States, and were refilled by the Chinese with Chinese, and accompanied by pianos and organs.
In 1915, Science magazine published the first piano piece composed in China. Composed by Mr. Zhao Yuanren, who studied at Cornell University in 1913, he composed a piano song called "Hua Baban and Xiangjiang Waves" in Chinese folk minor key, and incorporated elements of the Peking Opera song "Eight Plates" and Jiangnan Minor.
At the beginning of the 20th century, early professional music schools were established, such as the Music Transmission Institute attached to Peking University (1922), the first women's university in China (1913), the Harbin First Music School (1921), the music department of the private Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts (1912), and the private Shanghai Normal School of Art (1919). In 1927, Xiao Youmei and Cai Yuanpei founded the Shanghai National Conservatory of Music, the first professional music school independently established by the Chinese.
In 1934, He Luting wrote the piano song "Shepherd Boy Piccolo" with shepherd boys, piccolos and old cows expressing the beauty of mountains and rivers and the tranquility of life, in order to express people's deep worries about the country and the nation, praise and yearning for a better life in the background of the war when the wolf smoke was everywhere and the guns were rumbling. This piece is also the earliest piano piece that embodies the mature Chinese style.
Since then, in the Yan'an revolutionary base area, "Members are all sunflowers", "The Day of Turning Over", "The Sky of the Liberated Areas", etc., as well as songs characterized by regional customs, such as "The First Xinjiang Dance" and "The Second Xinjiang Dance" composed by Ding Shande in 1950. Wang Lisan of Shaanxi created "Blue Flower", which is the pioneering work of "Northern Shaanxi Style Piano Music" in the early days of New China. Xu Zhenmin's "Variations" is based on the northern Shaanxi folk song "There is a daughter-in-law tormented". Liao Shengjing of Yunnan created "Night of torch festival" based on the themes and customs of the Yi folk songs in Yunnan. In Guangdong, Chen Peixun has composed four small songs, "Selling Groceries", "Si Chun", "Dry Sky Thunder" and the Cantonese song "Double Flying Butterfly" theme variations.
After the reform and opening up, foreign piano music began to become popular, foreign piano teaching materials were introduced, and the domestic piano social level examination was piloted in Beijing and Shanghai. Since then, the Chinese piano sound of new China has embodied a new vision of cross-culture, Oriental philosophy, return to the nation and facing the world.
As a brand activity of the Party group service station of YangshupuYi Power Plant, FuxingJi is a sharing activity brand of "everyone working together and serving the group". Under the guidance of the Organization Department of the Yangpu District Party Committee, Fuxing Set integrated resources inside and outside the region and paid attention to social hotspots, and in the previous forum, xiao Xingxing, an internet celebrity researcher at dunhuang research institute, Yu Hai, a famous celebrity of Fudan University, Yan Zijie, the protagonist of the TV series "Poor Street", and Yan Erchun, the director, screenwriter and Mr. Cheng Naishan, came to give a lecture in Sanjiangyuan to shoot snow leopards in the West Lake to count Mandarin ducks. The Fuxing Forum spans different sectors, and in this square box-shaped building, it sends out more voices to build a better life for the people's urban planning.
Column Editor-in-Chief: Zhou Nan Text Editor: Huang Jianjian
Source: Author: Huang Jianjian