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Chinese Compared with the high temperature in China, the four major stoves are frequently refreshed, and heat has also become one of the hot search words in summer.
However, compared with China's high temperature, there is such a city in the world, the average summer temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius, and there is a record of more than 70 extreme high temperatures.
In contrast, China's high temperature can only be called "younger brother" in front of them. It is Kuwait City, the capital of Kuwait, a small country in Western Asia.
The hottest city in the world - Kuwait City
Since last year, the continuous high temperature in summer has made many cities in China complain. In the city we walked into today, 35 degrees Celsius is commonplace here, because the average annual temperature reaches 34.9 degrees Celsius, and the average temperature in summer, seven, eight or nine months, can even break through to 45 degrees Celsius.
In individual years, affected by extreme weather, the strongest surface of 70 degrees Celsius will occur. It is located in the Arabian Peninsula, Kuwait City, known as the "pearl".
Kuwait is located in the West Asian region and is one of the countries of the Middle East. Due to the arid climate here, water resources are extremely scarce here, and the yearning for water has made most of the people of this country choose to live on the coast.
For example, its capital, Kuwait City, is located on the west coast of the Persian Gulf, where more than 70% of Kuwaitis are concentrated. As a small country, Kuwait has a per capita GDP of about $26,200 thanks to its abundant oil and gas resources, and Kuwait City ranks among the top 100 cities in the world.
In addition to the traditional people's perception of this land as "rich and flowing oil". The climate characterized by drought and high temperatures also impresses people who visit here. So, why is it so hot here?
Geographically, Kuwait's latitude is comparable to that of Zhejiang Province on the mainland, both located at about 30° north latitude. Normally, this latitude should enter the subtropical climate zone, but it still has a tropical desert climate. Drought, heat and low rainfall are the main characteristics of this climate, and under the influence of this factor, a vast desert area has been formed, and about 90% of Kuwait's entire territory belongs to desert. Therefore, although they belong to the same 30° north latitude, the climatic environment of Kuwait and the mainland Zhejiang province is very different.
This climate is not unique to Kuwait, but there are vast deserts throughout the Arab region, including Kuwait, and even North Africa. The reason for this is closely related to atmospheric circulation.
Most of the energy on Earth comes from the sun, and the Earth is a spherical shape, and radiation at different latitudes is naturally different. As a result, two low-pressure belts of the equator and the subpolar region have appeared on Earth, as well as two high-pressure zones of the subtropical and polar regions. Under the action of the geostrophic deflection force, the so-called "three-circle circulation" is formed.
Kuwait City, on the other hand, is under a subtropical high pressure and a sinking air flow prevails, resulting in a high temperature and little rain. Therefore, from the perspective of atmospheric circulation, the occurrence of a large-scale desert climate environment in the region where Kuwait is located is normal and can no longer be normal.
In the areas of East Asia that should have formed a desert climate, due to the influence of the trade wind belt, the warm and humid air flow from the Pacific/Indian Ocean, with the summer monsoon penetrates into the southeastern vast area of the continent, and a typical monsoon climate is formed here, which is also one of the outliers at 30 degrees Celsius north latitude.
According to this inference, the whole of Arabia and North Africa is warmer due to climatic factors, but why can Kuwait be the leader among them?
Extreme heat hit Kuwait City
We all know that tropical desert climates are characterized by scarce precipitation but strong evaporation. Kuwait City, for example, has an annual rainfall of more than 100 millimeters, mostly concentrated in winter, and its annual evaporation exceeds 2,000 millimeters, and the huge disparity in precipitation and evaporation values makes the land unable to lock in moisture.
Without the influence of water, there is a huge temperature difference between day and night, like direct sunlight during the day, high temperatures above 60 degrees Celsius can occur, and at night, the ground cools down rapidly, and it is very likely that a low temperature of 0 degrees will occur.
More than 90% of Kuwait's land area is desert, which is also in line with the characteristics of a dry climate and sparse vegetation. For example, the climate here should be extremely stable, whether it is a huge temperature difference between day and night, two seasons a year, long summers with little rain, and extremely short but relatively mild winters. However, extreme weather has occurred frequently, and in recent years it has been monitored at 70 degrees Celsius, and the surface temperature has exceeded 80 degrees Celsius.
The reason for the ultra-high temperature is directly related to global warming. In the context of global climate change, extreme weather has become more frequent, and since the beginning of this year, not only Kuwait, but also the United States, Canada, and North Africa and other countries on the other side of the ocean, have burst into alarming high temperatures. Earlier, Algeria came out with news that even camels, which are known as one of the world's most heat- and drought-resistant animals, fainted by heat.
Not only that, the mainland is also ushering in an unprecedented heat this summer. Many countries have successively issued high temperature warnings, and the United Nations has even issued high temperature warning guidelines, and global extreme weather has become a common problem faced by all mankind.
Heading into mid-July, when the "heat dome" conditions in the U.S. and Canada eased, Kuwait City's toughest summer heat season had just begun.
According to field tests by local staff, the temperature in the sun-lit area has exceeded 70 degrees Celsius, and even in the unlit shade area, the temperature has reached a staggering 53 degrees Celsius. The extreme high temperature environment makes the city rarely have people during the day, like an "empty city".
Although this staff member uses an infrared thermometer, it is not a professional meteorological thermometer. Therefore, there is a certain difference from our regular measurement of temperature, but according to the data presented by the local official meteorological department, the maximum temperature in the area does reach about 48 degrees Celsius. However, because the ground is directly exposed to the sun, the surface temperature is ridiculously high.
Although the local temperature is ridiculously high, there is a certain difference with the news on the Internet that the tires of the car have been baked and the traffic lights have been melted. However, the local temperature is indeed high enough to fry eggs, which is also a routine practice for many people who come here on adventures or travelers.
Due to the high temperature, the local construction company owner said that the weather was hot, and some metal tools were too hot to use due to the long period of time in the sun due to the safety of personnel and the sun. Construction companies choose to adjust the accepted outdoor working hours, where 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. is a break and 5 p.m. to 10 p.m. is divided into two working hours, which start separately.
Although the heat in Kuwait City today has made many people cry out that they can't stand it, experts believe that this is not the highest temperature in Kuwait City. This temperature will peak at the end of July. At that time, the temperature is likely to exceed 50 degrees Celsius, and the corresponding surface temperature will exceed 80 degrees Celsius.
How to cope with such a high temperature environment?
According to human health requirements, 26 degrees Celsius is the most suitable temperature for the human body, so what is the experience of Kuwait City at 70 degrees Celsius? This has reached the limit of the human body, and in tropical countries we often see black asphalt roads melt in such weather conditions.
Not only that, extreme high temperatures increase the risk of wildfires and have a great impact on people's daily lives. Moreover, if exposed to high temperatures for a long time, it will affect the normal metabolism of the human body, and in severe cases, it may lead to death, and even if it is lucky, it will bring irreversible damage to organ tissues.
On the streets of Kuwait, we can't see people during the day, after all, in such hot weather, no one wants to accept the heat in the sun. After all, the body temperature here is seventy or eighty degrees, far exceeding the limit temperature that the human body can accept. In the face of such extreme temperatures, only at night, when the sun sets, can bring a breather to the city.
People living in Kuwait suffer from high temperatures and dry temperatures almost all year round, and although most locals have adapted to such conditions, deaths from heat stroke occur every year. In part, the government has issued several notices asking citizens to go out as little as possible if they are not necessary. Even if you go out, don't mainly protect yourself, don't expose yourself to the sun, drink plenty of water, and pay attention to heat prevention and cooling.
However, due to the extreme scarcity of local water resources and the lack of local infrastructure, water and power cuts are almost the norm here, which makes it more difficult for local people to suffer during the long summer. Of course, the local government has also created a series of facilities and buildings to prevent heat.
The most famous building in Kuwait must be Amrata. In terms of design, the northern façade of the building is made of glass, while the southern façade uses a very special amount of pulled limestone. Such a choice of materials can effectively weaken the radiation damage caused by light, and also solve the problem of summer exposure to the greatest extent.
Not only that, but the Kuwaiti government has also come up with a clever way to take advantage of its coastal location. Fifty kilometers of inland is dug up and seawater is introduced. They also consider the mitigating effect of vegetation on high temperatures, and have built a large number of artificial landscapes such as parks to alleviate high temperatures by expanding green areas.
In terms of clothing, people are also trying to reduce the damage caused by high temperatures as much as possible. White robe is the most common local clothing representative, the main reason for choosing white robe, the main reason is that white is the strongest color that reflects ultraviolet rays, and the sun burn can be reduced by wearing a white robe. Moreover, due to the high temperature, locals are also accustomed to not traveling during the day or at noon, and the corresponding night is the active time of the city, whether it is work or entertainment, etc., choose to do it at night.