Commemorating the 150th Anniversary of the Declaration: A Newspaper and Modern Chinese History

On April 30, 1872, the "Declaration" was launched on Shandong Road in the Shanghai Public Concession. From its inception to its suspension on May 27, 1949, the Declaration existed for 77 years and published more than 25,000 issues. At that time, Shanghai, a large influx of immigrants, commercial trade flourished, and the "Declaration" also grew with the development of Shanghai, which was a successful model of mainland commercial newspapers. The success of commercial newspapers has effectively promoted the development of China's journalism and brought about many social innovations. As the longest-running newspaper in modern China with a wide social impact, the "Declaration" is regarded by researchers as an "encyclopedia" of modern and contemporary Chinese history.

On April 30, 2022, the 150th Anniversary of the Founding of the Declaration, jointly organized by the Research Center for Urban Culture of Shanghai Normal University and the Modern History Research Office of the Institute of History of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, was successfully held. The forum was convened by Professor Su Zhiliang of Shanghai Normal University and chaired by Associate Professor Jiang Jie, and included Experts and Scholars such as Ma Jun, Researcher of the Institute of History of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Professor Zhu Hua of the Party School of the Shanghai Municipal Cpc Committee, Li Zhiming, Researcher of the Institute of History of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Professor Tang Xiaobing of East China Normal University, Deputy Research Librarian huang Yiwan of the Shanghai Library, and Professor Fu Dehua of Fudan University.

In his opening speech, host Jiang Jie said that the history of the "Declaration" for more than 70 years has retained a huge amount of information about the politics, military, culture, economy, diplomacy and social life of modern China. This commemorative symposium attempts to excavate the rich resources contained in the Declaration from the aspects of journalism, communication, literature, history, historical philology and urban culture, and further absorb and interpret the cultural relics, historical materials and social value of the Declaration.

The symposium was first discussed by Professor Su Zhiliang on the theme of "Declaration and Modern China - Commemorating the 150th Anniversary of the Founding of the Declaration". The "Declaration" had a deep influence in the Republic of China period, with the largest circulation and the widest circulation area. In modern times, the people of Jiangnan have mostly called newsprint "declaration paper"; the new newspaper founded in North Korea in the early 20th century is called "Korean Daily Declaration", which shows that the influence of "Declaration" has transcended national borders. In history, the "Declaration" has served as a window for nationalist enlightenment, a mouthpiece for resisting Japan and saving the dead, a medium for disseminating new knowledge, and a position for changing customs and customs. The founding policy of the "Declaration" is that "this newspaper is read with the Chinese", which flaunts the interests of the people and does not represent the interests of political parties and political groups. The newspaper was located in the concession, and it was difficult for the Qing government and later the Beiyang warlords and nationalist government forces to reach into the concession, which was very beneficial to the "Declaration" to uphold a relatively independent position in running the newspaper. Compared with the Chinese government at that time, the news management in the concession was much more relaxed, which was one of the important reasons for the development of the "Declaration". The most important period of the "Declaration" on China is the era of historical talent. In 1912, after Shi Liangcai presided over the "Declaration", he was determined to reform, use progressive literati, change the state of the "Declaration" speech, become a clear banner of the press, and play a major role in the metabolism of modern politics, culture and society. "People have personality, newspapers have newspapers, and the state has a national character" is a portrayal of Mr. Shi Liangcai's independent spirit. He insisted that the "Declaration" was a self-reliant newspaper, refused government subsidies, and embodied the iron backbone of the cultural people, so that he was ordered to stop publication several times, and eventually, he himself was killed by the Chiang Kai-shek clique for this reason, but the "Declaration" asked for the people's life, asked for the country's life, and had the courage and wisdom to circulate endlessly. Professor Su Zhiliang hopes that today's newspapers can also learn from the "Declaration" to maintain and enhance the social value of news gathering. Finally, Professor Su Zhiliang expressed the hope that the experts and later researchers in the discussion will continue to conduct in-depth research on the shaping of the spirit of the city and the cultivation of modern citizens in the Declaration.

The "Declaration" issued a statement

In the study of the "Declaration", it is impossible to avoid the most outstanding operator in history, Professor Fu Dehua made a retrospective and prospect of the "Centennial Historical Quantity Research" of the Historical Quantity Research Professional Committee. On the occasion of the 140th anniversary of the founding of the "Declaration", actively led by Ms. Pang Rongdi, with the full support and efforts of Fudan University, Shanghai Historical Society, Shanghai Normal University and other universities, the Shanghai Historical And Quantitative Talent Research Professional Committee was officially inaugurated on March 9, 2013 in the former residence of Shi Liangcai in Sijing, and the experts and scholars from all over the country visited the reopened Former Residence of Shi Liangcai with great interest, and held a seminar on "Shi Liangcai and the Development of the Declaration" in the Sijing Town Government Conference Room, with Professor Xiong Yuezhi as the president Professor Fu Dehua served as the executive vice president, and Pang Rongdi, Su Zhiliang, Chen Jianyun and Yang Jiguang served as the vice presidents. In the past ten years, the professional committee has held 5 academic seminars on historical talents, published 4 relevant collections of papers, published more than 60 research articles on historical talents, and edited and published 3 issues of the journal - "Newsletter of Professional Members of Historical Talents Research". In addition, Professor Fu also previewed the upcoming academic conference and research activities of Shi Liangcai from June. He said that in the future, the professional committee and its members will continue to focus on the study of historical talents, continue to dedicate, and achieve good results. He believes that with the help of digitalization and the control of experts and scholars, the prospects of Shi Liangcai's research will certainly show a vigorous scene.

Researcher Huang Huiwan delivered a report on the theme of "Collection and Utilization of the Declaration of Shanghai Library". She mentioned that the Shanghai Library was founded in 1952, with the support of the government, the resources have been continuously enriched and improved, and the collection of books has reached 52 million volumes, and the collection of "Declaration" is particularly eye-catching, and the library has collected three sets of original "Declaration". When Shi Liangcai took office that year, he consciously collected and purchased the past "Declaration" and repaired and preserved it. However, due to the long publication span of the "Declaration", in the era when people's sense of collection is not strong and the collection conditions are not good, it is not easy to completely preserve the full set of "Declaration". Although many libraries in China have the original "Declaration", they are all very incomplete, and the relatively complete "Declaration" owned by the Shanghai Library benefits from rich collection sources, such as the Xujiahui Catholic Hall Library, the Declaration Library Library, and the Hongying Library. Therefore, Shanghai Library is the collection institution with the largest number and the longest continuity in the mainland, which has created good material conditions for academic research, literature services and publication.

In terms of the photocopy and publication of the Declaration, in the 1950s, the leaders of the central government and the Shanghai Propaganda Department proposed to photocopy the Declaration. In December 1957, the Party Organization of the Ministry of Culture, with the consent of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, entrusted this task to the Beijing Zhonghua Bookstore, and later transferred this task to the Shanghai Editorial Office of the Zhonghua Bookstore in July 1958 because the "Declaration" in the Shanghai Library was relatively complete. From August 1958 to December 1959, a comprehensive inspection of the "Declaration" hidden in the Xujiahui Library was carried out, and the preliminary preparation for photocopying and publication was began, and the declaration inspection record was made to indicate the lack of the "Declaration". Due to the constraints of financial and material resources at that time, this matter was once shelved. In 1964, the Shanghai Publishing Literature Editor took over and selected a number of days of newspapers for narrowing and photocopying, and then due to the "Cultural Revolution", it stopped photocopying and publishing again. After 1978, the Shanghai Municipal Publishing Bureau once again proposed to photocopy the "Declaration". However, due to the huge amount of funds, it was not implemented for a while. It wasn't until the 1980s that it was on the agenda again. After discussion, the Shanghai Bookstore believed that it could undertake this task, took the initiative to ask the superiors for battle, was approved, and received a certain amount of loan support. A number of veteran comrades in the publishing industry were hired, and a reasonable division of labor was carried out, some engaged in newspaper collation, some engaged in material printing, and some engaged in propaganda and subscription; at the same time, in cooperation with the Shanghai Library, a large amount of basic sorting work was done to ensure that the "Declaration" was photocopied and published. Due to its long age, after many times of binding, there are more readers before photocopying, and it is found that there are phenomena such as reverse order and vague handwriting, and the Shanghai Library also tries to replace and repair it.

Indexing is a common practice of important international newspapers, and indexing facilitates the retrieval and access of information, such as the New York Times index, the Times index, the Times index, etc. Indexing the Declaration is also the aspiration of generations. Based on the experience of running foreign newspapers, Mr. Ge Gongzhen founded the Declaration Data Reference Department in May 1929 and first began to try to compile the index of declarations. Unfortunately, it lasted only one year and was terminated by the "9/18 Incident". After the Shanghai Bookstore began photocopying projects in 1982, the "Declaration Index" working group was established in May of the following year. Shanghai Bookstore has organized experts to conduct seminars for many times, and solved many difficulties such as whether to use the classification method or the subject method, and how to express the index method. Later, the editorial committee of the declaration index was gradually formed, and an indexing team was cultivated, and many members of the China Indexing Association were in the above-mentioned compilation team. This was the last masterpiece of China's large-scale hand-compiled indexes, and later compilations were mostly computer-aided. Deputy Research Librarian Huang Said that in the future, the index editing work of large-scale newspapers will be fully digitized, and the use of computer full-text retrieval technology will greatly improve efficiency and utilization.

Ma Jun, a researcher at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, delivered a keynote speech on "My Experience in Reading the "Declaration" on Paper and Using the Database". He made such a summary of the historical status of the declaration: The birth of the "Declaration" is a major event in Shanghai's modern history; it is a major event in the study of Shanghai (the "Declaration" is an inseparable support for researchers); it is the history of Shanghai journalism and even the history of Chinese journalism, and in a certain sense, it is also a major event in the history of international journalism. The great academic significance of the "Declaration" is that it first accurately records the historical process of that era, which is a treasure trove of records of important historical events. The second is a valuable cultural wealth, whether it is a historical researcher, a cultural researcher, or a literati in other fields, in the application for academic high seas, you can find the wealth you need. Third, the declaration also has a practical function, and its practical significance for today's world is also very strong, because what has happened in history and the internal mechanism that has played a role may also be in play today. Although there were great differences in science and technology, there were no computers and telephones at that time, but the life, old age, illness and death that people encountered a hundred years ago are still like this. In addition, the Declaration is also an important coordinate for how we solve practical problems.

He has a lot of experience comparing the difference between paper searches and database searches. Mr. Zhou Yuangao of the same unit inadvertently told him that he had spent more than two years reading through 400 copies of the "Declaration" and did not feel anything at that time. Later, in order to write works about modern Shanghai ballrooms, suffering from no index materials, I needed to read the paper, and found that the "Declaration" was too rich, especially in the Republic of China period, one a month, and 12 books a year. Therefore, just turning over the "Declaration" at the beginning is like finding a needle in a haystack, and there is no point. Of the 400 copies of the Declaration, he turned over 300 copies, and when he had a database, he used the database and stopped flipping through the paper. He said that many young people can now efficiently obtain the desired results through the input of keywords, but turning over the physical object can give researchers a sense of reality, as if they are experiencing the process of history, which is actually a feeling that keyword search does not have. This experience is needed for researchers. He mentioned that in the process of flipping through the 300 copies of the Declaration, he went through it for one or two purposes, but it was not limited to this, and other interesting discoveries would be recorded. "The present may be a secondary issue, but it is not excluded that it may be an important research topic in the future, so we must not limit ourselves to what we want to do at the moment, and we must broaden our horizons."

Of course, the use of databases is also convenient for the rapid collection of huge amounts of material; full-text searches can search for pages, can check past citations, for example, in the process of revising the "History of the Shanghai Workers' Movement", the original text can be quickly found through the database, and the divergent use of keywords can also divergent thinking to a certain extent. Researcher Ma Jun mentioned that the text should be used in combination with the database: "This is a combination of clumsiness and cleverness. The previous method was clumsy, but clumsiness has benefits. Although it is clever to use the database, it is not real. Just like a person who practices martial arts, it is not reliable to practice horse steps and practice moves specifically, so it is necessary to combine the two. He suggested that every scholar should use the "Declaration" to compile the reference book of this research when doing special research. To compile valuable historical materials of the "Declaration", the information book is passed on to future generations and leave behind really valuable things. In addition to their own research, everyone compiles a special collection of materials, which can make the study of the "Declaration" more comprehensive.

Professor Tang Xiaobing of the Department of History of East China Normal University made a keynote speech on "Declaration and Left-Wing Cultural Movement". He said that whether it is using the "Declaration" as a source of information for modern newspapers or exploring the relationship between newspapers and political forces, it will provide us with profound inspiration. Professor Tang recalled his relationship with the Declaration, and his personal early research objects were biased towards the Liberal intellectuals of Pingjin, but through the study of the supplement of the Declaration, "Freedom Talk", he gained a greater understanding of left-wing culture and left-wing cultural people. Therefore, the Declaration is of special significance to him. He pointed out that to understand the role and function of the "Declaration," we must first place it in the middle of the three-legged territory of modern newspapers and periodicals, and rightly divide the newspapers and periodicals into commercial newspapers and periodicals represented by the "Declaration" and "News Daily," the political newspapers and periodicals represented by the "Ta Kung Pao" with the orientation of journalistic professionalism, and the party newspaper marked by the "Central Daily" and "Liberation Daily." In the 1930s, Lin Yutang's English book "History of Chinese News and Public Opinion" published in the United States compared the "Ta Kung Pao" with the "Declaration", and at that time, he founded humorous publications such as "Cosmic Wind", "Analects" and "Human World" in Shanghai, and he had this kind of denial about the "Declaration" and "Ta Kung Pao": "The "Ta Kung Pao" is undoubtedly the most progressive and best-edited Chinese newspaper in China, while the "Declaration" and "News" are representatives of the conservative big newspapers in the old days, and they are also among the worst editors. The difference between the two is only that the editorial level of the "Declaration" is not satisfactory, while the "News" has no editing process to speak of. However, these two newspapers are the largest circulation newspapers today, both claiming to have a circulation of 150,000 copies, but the actual survey shows that the circulation of these two newspapers is currently less than 100,000 copies, while the Ta Kung Pao published a circulation of 35,000 copies. It can be seen that the best-selling newspapers are the worst editors, because these newspapers are based on advertising, and the news takes a back seat, only to fill the remaining scattered space after the advertising is finished. Newspapers with better editing levels can only affect less of the public. Of course, this phenomenon is completely normal. Moreover, newspapers with good editing skills also have problems, as can be seen from our analysis of the Ta Kung Pao. The Ta Kung Pao's typography, printing, and journalism are impeccable, but it has a clear tendency to cater to a well-educated audience. This is naturally the words of the Lin Yutang family, which may be debatable, but it also opens up some other perspectives for us to recognize and interpret the Declaration, and even in the 1930s, the perception of the Declaration and the Ta Kung Pao was a matter of opinion.

In addition to being an important source in the study of modern Chinese history, the "Declaration" is also another research perspective from the perspective of the professionalism process of the newspaper itself. Initially a commercial newspaper that consciously depoliticized, the "Declaration" began to intervene in politics, making critical remarks in response to the Kuomintang's encirclement and suppression of the CCP's base areas, believing that the Kuomintang's one-party dictatorial policy led to the emergence of the politics of resistance. The "Declaration" also quoted the "free talk" of Li Liewen, a Hunan native who had just returned from France, and attracted a large number of left-wing cultural figures such as Lu Xun, Mao Dun and other left-wing writers to publish columns and essays in newspapers, describing the bipolar situation of the rich and the poor, and carrying out political mobilization through literature and art. Chiang Kai-shek was very dissatisfied with this, and Shi Liangcai was also killed. After 1945, the "Declaration", which did not follow the government's internal migration, was questioned, and was later infiltrated and fully controlled by the National Government, and its social influence declined compared with the Ta Kung Pao. From depoliticization to intervention in politics, to final manipulation by political forces, it reflects the historical context of the Declaration itself. There is a profound question worth pondering how newspapers should deal with political forces when they try to manipulate speech in a given era. In fact, there is no completely independent media, the media cannot survive in a completely depoliticized vacuum, and all media may carefully handle the relationship with power to maintain a limited space for expression. This is also a revelation that the horizontal comparison of the media vitality of the Declaration and the Ta Kung Pao can leave us.

"Declaration" is not only a newspaper, but also has many extended products, such as "Declaration Monthly", "Declaration Circulation Library", "Talent Remedial School", "Reading Life" magazine, etc. The "Ta Kung Pao" has more interaction with peking universities, Tsinghua University, Yenching University, Nankai University and other famous universities and upper-class intellectuals in Pingjin, and it can be said that it is an elitist route of newspaper people serving the country; the "Declaration" serves the local, urban and citizen classes, more for small and medium-sized intellectual youth and even apprentices and other groups, with unique populist characteristics, which also forms an interesting contrast between the north and the south in public opinion in the 1930s. Professor Tang Xiaobing once divided left-wing intellectuals into three types in his research: the organized left wing represented by the secretary of the Left League, the left wing with Lu Xun as the spiritual leader who emphasized spiritual independence, and the left-wing intellectuals who paid attention to the popularization of social sciences. The "Declaration" mainly tells the materialist dialectics and Marxism to the general public, such as Aischi's "Mass Philosophy" (printed 48 times before 1949) and Liu Xiang's "Street Speech" are examples of them, which include the small and medium-sized intellectual young people who are dissatisfied with politics and society because of their individual living conditions into the reader group, forming an "imaginary community" that fights injustice and injustice, and plays a role in revolutionary mobilization in the city.

Li Zhiming, a researcher at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, gave a keynote speech on "Overturning the Boat at Sea- Report on the Crash of the Puji Ship in the Declaration". His report originated from a previously studied figure: Xu Dingchao. Xu died in a shipping accident in Shanghai, the Puji steamship crash, and there were 23 reports on the accident in the "Declaration", which he tried to use as an entry point to explore how the accident occurred, how the process was, how the "Declaration" carried out disaster reporting, what was the reaction of public opinion on Xu Dingchao's death, etc., but the results of the research failed to do as he wished, as if he was going to this room, but he entered another room. After the shipwreck, Wen Wei Po, a Western newspaper in Shanghai, reported on the same day. The "Declaration" followed up the report the next day, titled "Puji Steamship Crash", which consisted of five letters of visit and the above-mentioned Wen Wei Po report. However, for the specific number of people killed, the statements of all parties are often contradictory and ambiguous, just like Rashomon. The "Declaration" reported from January 6 to the 28th every day, a total of 23 times. There is no mention of the cause of the accident, the truth, the number of victims and the aftermath, but for some reason the continuous reporting of the "Declaration" has come to an abrupt end, which is very sloppy. After 20 days, the Declaration began to report on news related to the crash of Pujilun again. Unfortunately, how China Merchants addressed the aftermath and gave the victims' families explanations and compensation was not reported in the Declaration. In this regard, the follow-up report of the Declaration on the Puji crash case is also incomplete. Puji steamship crash, "Declaration" successfully produced and produced discourse, forming 33 consecutive reports in 3 series at different times, plus scattered related reports, there should be about 40, these records and writings are media memories. When we extract and examine the memories of these media, we find that the reports of the "Declaration" are all about the accident process or a certain aspect, and they list various information and statements without screening, which is mixed and repetitive, which is confusing. Some scholars say that the Declaration is an extremely informative shanghai city log, and it is true. However, to find the truth from it, it is necessary to spend a lot of effort, to do a lot of work to remove the crude and the refined, to remove the false and the true, and if it is quoted as historical materials, it must also be cautious. The Declaration is only a porter of information, does not make a right or wrong judgment, and does not verify the truth or falsity. If you use it without discernment, you are likely to make mistakes. Of course, this is related to the characteristics of the newspaper, which is more to undertake the function of information dissemination, which must be timely and fast, and meet the needs of the audience, so it is inevitable that the subjective one-sided, good and bad. Although there are shortcomings or deficiencies in the Declaration, there is a convenient condition that you can freely record external reports. This can not only supplement the lack of its content, but also has an international nature, a combination of East and West, and a variety of perspectives, so it enjoys the reputation of being called the treasure house of modern Chinese materials.

Professor Zhu Hua of the Party School of the Shanghai Municipal CPC Committee described his personal experience and views on the use of the "Declaration", mainly including three points:

The first is what individuals have done with the Declaration. First of all, in terms of historical facts, in the relevant research of the "April 12 Coup", the report on the specific time and name of the meeting of the Kuomintang Central Supervision Commission provided key evidence. The second is the translation reference of Shanghai people's names and place names. The translation of Shanghai historical classics, the translation of personal names and place names is a time-consuming and laborious thing. The use of the "Declaration" can solve the problem very well, for example, where there is a difference between Shanghainese and Mandarin, you can find a contrast in the "Declaration" report. This is indispensable for the study of Shanghai history. Third, many interesting facts can be found, such as the price code of the late Qing Dynasty, which can be found in the newspaper.

The second is the researcher's personal understanding of the Declaration. He mentioned that the local social news reports of the "Declaration" are generally more accurate, and fake news is relatively rare. Newspaper reporters add some gimmicks, but the basic facts are true. At that time, the military told a lot of lies, and journalists may not be able to figure it out. In addition, the newspaper is relatively open politically as a commercial newspaper. Sensitive news does not need to be reported in the news, and it is also a reporting strategy to switch to advertising. In recent years, Professor Wu Guoyi of East China Normal University has made great achievements in the examination and excavation of the life of Jiang Qizhang (Zhi Xiang), the first chief writer of the "Declaration". However, we still know very little about Chen Lenghei (Jing Han), the chief writer of the early Republic of China. This person's position is very important.

Third, he believes that the historical value of the "Declaration" cannot be underestimated, and it has an irreplaceable role as an archive, and some journalists have even become famous historians. Therefore, in this sense, at present, in the study of Shanghai history, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the use and excavation of the Declaration. For example, the editorials and comments of the "Declaration" can roughly reflect the mental journey of the Chinese elite intellectuals, which not only involves a wide range, but is also quite complex. The various analytical frameworks of today are difficult to summarize simply. It is not difficult to see from this that in the process of gradually strengthening national consciousness and democratic consciousness, more and more people are being influenced by this concept. He mentioned that if you want to further understand the changes in modern Chinese society, reading some "Declarations" in stages is probably a better path. Reading in general can also reveal many traces of social evolution and correct many one-sided knowledge. Historical research is now very particular about methods, and if we want to do good things, we must first use them. But more importantly, we must make clear the basic historical facts, and only by grasping the historical facts comprehensively rather than piecemeal can the study be close to the truth.

Finally, the special guest of the symposium, Yu Meisun, the eldest grandson of Yu Songhua, editor-in-chief of the Declaration Monthly (a distinguished researcher of China University of Political Science and Law), talked about family history and the origin of the Declaration. First of all, he told the origin of his grandfather Yu Songhua and the Declaration. The declaration hall has a total of 5 floors, Shi Liangcai and Yu Songhua work together in the building, involving yu Songhua's three important time points: founding the "Declaration Monthly" in 1932; serving as the chief writer of the "Declaration" in 1935; yu Songhua and the reporter Sun Enlin went to Yan'an in April 1937 to interview and talk with Mao Zedong all night. After the liberation, the declaration hall became the liberation daily newspaper, retaining the historical origin of the "Declaration", and in 1997, on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of the founding of the "Declaration", the use of the old site of the declaration hall was restored. Yu Songhua (1893-1947), in October 1920, served as a special correspondent for the Shanghai Shishi Xinbao and the Beijing Morning Post, inviting Qu Qiubai to go to Soviet Russia as a Russian translator; in May 1921, Yu Songhua went to Germany alone to interview European countries, becoming the first reporter on the mainland to go abroad. In 1924, he returned to China and worked as an editor in the Oriental Magazine of the Commercial Press, with outstanding achievements. On January 28, 1932, the Songhu Anti-Japanese War broke out, the Commercial Press and its Oriental Magazine were blown up by Japanese aircraft and shut down, and Yu Youren, president of the Supervision Yuan of the Republic of China Government in Nanjing, hired Yu Songhua to go to Nanjing as a supervisory commissioner. Shi Liangcai learned that he enthusiastically hired Yu Songhua to create the "Declaration Monthly", and the two were like-minded and sincerely cooperated, and the more they did it, the better it was. Yu Meisun pointed out that at present, domestic research on Yu Songhua is far from enough.

This concludes the reporting process. Moderator Jiang Jie made two additions to the issues raised by the scholars. One is how to combine paper and electronic search tools. He argues that both tools are needed, but it is more important to consider: In which dimension is our research conducted? Whether to do a detailed study or just query and check a piece of information. When using the Declaration, it is necessary to combine the two. The second addition is that the development and utilization of the Declaration is about to enter the third era - that is, the era of data in the paper age and the digital age. He said that at present, the team of Professor Ankeqiang of the University of Aix-Marseille in France has issued a corpus of "Declaration". In the future, the combination of some digital humanities tools and this corpus can not only greatly improve the efficiency of research, but also collide with many new research "sparks". Finally, the participating experts had a Q&A interaction with the online audience, and the commemorative symposium was successfully concluded.