What is the most precious thing about human beings? Some people think it's money, some people think it's fame and fortune, and some people think it's power. If you want to find something that is most precious to human beings, it is emotion. Whether it is family affection, friendship, or love, it can be called the most precious and beautiful thing in the world.
In ancient poetry, there are many poems that express these emotions, especially those describing friendship. So we will read a lot of classic sentences about friendship, such as Wang Wei's "Persuade the jun to enter a glass of wine, the west out of the Yang Guan no reason", Wang Bo's "Confidant in the sea, if the end of the world is nearby", Gao Shi's "Mo worries about the road ahead ignorant of himself, who in the world does not know the jun". These verses are classics and are deeply engraved in the hearts of every Chinese. However, what we want to talk about today is not these poems, but a poem by Su Shi, which is relatively small in popularity, but it is also classic.
On October 15, 1074, Su Shi, who had gone to Mizhou to serve as Taishou, passed through Haizhou, and Haizhou Taishou took the wind and dust for him. Upstairs, people with heads and faces gathered together. At this time, Su Shi remembered that his good friend, the former Haizhou Taishou Sun Juyuan, had bid farewell to everyone in this Jingshu Building three months ago and gone to the capital to take up a new job. Su Shi felt this and wrote down this song.
Although this poem is a Huairen word, Su Shi is unusual, different from the general Huairen's work, he wrote from the other side, the whole text is a hypothetical word, and the writing method is unique.
The first three sentences write about the scene when Sun Juyuan said goodbye to everyone. "When I remember saying goodbye for a long time, the bright moon is like water on the upper floor of Jingshu", when Sun Juyuan left, it must be the bright moon like water, in this Jingshu building, everyone said some good words, raised their glasses and said goodbye to him.
Followed by three sentences, write the scene after Sun Juyuan's departure. "Fine wine and song, can not stay, the moon with people thousands of miles", that fine wine and delicacies, that Qing song and dance, can not be retained, he still has to go to Beijing to take up his post. At this time, those friends had returned home, and only Mingyue was with him.
"Don't come three degrees, the lonely light is full, snubbed who is drunk together", the moon is missing three degrees, and now it is a full moon, I think Sun Juyuan has also arrived in the capital, but this snubbed autumn season, the hardships and loneliness of this road, who can get drunk with it?
"Rolling beaded curtains, miserable looking at the shadows, gongyi to ming sleepless", along the way, no one is drunk with it, only the bright moon is accompanied all the way. Looking at the lonely figure, only with the moon to the dawn.
Su Shi here is not only writing about Sun Juyuan, but also writing about his longing for his friends. Several different scenes, advancing layer by layer. And these scenes are all related to the bright moon in the sky. It is this connection that makes that nostalgic thought more realistic and graphic.
So where did this kind of idea of the writer come from? The three sentences gave us the answer, it turned out to be "there are guests in this dynasty, come from the water, can make the king deep meaning", someone came from the side of the water, and brought your deep affection for me. The assumptions of the Shang Dynasty came from this, but they did not end here.
"By virtue of the battle of Qinghuai, it is clear that there are tears of acacia in the sea", the clear Huai water rolls eastward and flows to the East Sea, in which I can clearly see the tears of acacia that you shed. It can be seen how deep the feelings between the two are. Li Yu said that his sorrow was "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward," which shows how deep his sorrow is; Su Shi said that his thoughts are "by virtue of the battle of Qinghuai, clearly to the sea, there are tears of lovesickness," and it is also known how much he misses. Huaishui originates in Henan, flows through Anhui and Jiangsu, enters Hongze Lake, and flows downstream through Huaiyin and Lianshan into the East China Sea. Sun Juyuan was far away in Beijing, su Shi was in Haizhou, and between them, the Huai River closely linked the two. The feeling of longing is difficult to write, and Su Shi externalized this love into Huaishui, unique ingenuity, and appropriately expressed the deep affection between each other.
"And where is it now? Nishigaki was forbidden, and Night YongLuhua was invaded. At this time, looking at the cloister Xiaoyue, should also be secretly remembered", these six sentences, the lyricist turned out a new mood. The first part is full of words of imagination, passing back to reality, seeing Huai Shui and tears of acacia. At this point, the writer also imagined Sun Juyuan's scene at this time: you should be on duty in Zhongshu Province at this time, the dew soaked your quilt; when you see the bright moon on the cloister, do you remember me? Su Shi does not write that he misses his friends, but that his friends are missing himself at this time, which can be described as borrowing others to reflect himself.
The whole poem expresses the deep affection between each other, but the poet does not write about himself, but writes from the other side's point of view, making all kinds of hypotheticals. Among them, "by virtue of the battle of Qinghuai, clear to the sea, there are tears of acacia", is the most classic sentence in the whole poem, which is similar to Li Yu's melancholy "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward".
In addition, this song uses the bright moon as a clue to express feelings, and the whole word is written about the moon five times: there is a month when parting, there is a month accompanied by a long journey, there is a month where time passes quietly, there is a month that accompanies the lyricist, and there is a month that a friend looks forward to when he is on duty.
Yu Xiyun said in the Selected Interpretations of Song Words:
Looking at the three sentences of "Qinghuai" and "to the sea", I know the depth of friendship with Juyuan, and I recall that "Xiyuan Qingban", with this moon, looking back at the past, not ending low. Words are the voice of the heart, and the thickness of the nature of the public is also known.